多自由度内共振系统非线性模态的分岔特性

利用多尺度法构造了一个立方非线性1:3内共振系统的内共振非线性模态(NonlinearNormal Modes associated with internal resonance)．研究表明,内共振非线性系统除存在单模态运动外还存在耦合模态运动．耦合内共振模态具有分岔特性．利用奇异性理论对模态分岔方程进行分析发现此类系统的模态存在叉形点分岔和滞后点分岔这两种典型的分岔模式．     

铁路车辆/轨道耦合系统在竖向冲击载荷作用下动态响应的计算机模拟研究

车辆与轨道的动态相互作用,是铁路轮轨接触式运输系统中最基本的问题之一,它直接制约着铁路运营速度的提高和运载重量的增加,也影响着铁路安全运行。本文采用有限元方法,对我国C61型运煤货车,按照车辆/轨道系统的实际几何形状、材料性质和边界条件建立了包括车辆和轨道系统的有限元模型,应用大型非线性动力分析程序LS-DYNA3D来模拟车辆通过轨道错牙接头时的轮/轨动态响应过程。计算结果表明车轮和轨道之间的竖向动态接触力大约是静轮载的2倍,与已有的现场试验结果基本吻合。因此应用有限元方法研究车辆/轨道耦合系统是可行和可靠的。     

A Ratiometric Luminescent Thermometer Co‐doped with Lanthanide and Transition Metals

Herein, we report the fabrication of a sensitive ratiometric and colorimetric luminescent thermometer with a wide operating‐temperature range, from cryogenic temperatures up to high temperatures, through the combination of lanthanide and transition metal complexes. Benefiting from the transition metal complex as a self‐reference, the lanthanide content in the mixed‐coordination complex, Eu_0.05(Mebip‐mim bromine)_0.15Zn_0.95(Mebip‐mim bromine)_1.9, was lowered to 5 %.     

北五味子对糖尿病脑病大鼠脑中神经活性物质含量影响的在线微透析-高效液相色谱-串联质谱联用分析

采用在线微透析-高效液相色谱-串联质谱联用方法,测定了糖尿病脑病大鼠大脑海马区的8种脑递质的含量,从脑中神经活性物质的角度研究五味子改善学习记忆能力的作用机制.实验结果表明,经五味子治疗后,痴呆大鼠脑透析液中的谷氨酸(Glu)、丝氨酸(Ser)、多巴胺(DA)及5-羟色胺(5-HT)的含量显著降低(P0.05),牛磺酸(Tau)及乙酰胆碱(Ach)的含量显著升高(P0.01),天冬氨酸(Asp)和γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)的含量有降低趋势(P0.05),8种神经活性物质的水平均向正常水平发生了调节.此结果说明五味子可能通过调节糖尿病大鼠大脑中神经活性物质的含量发挥保护中枢神经系统的作用,从而改善糖尿病脑病大鼠的学习记忆能力.Morris水迷宫实验结果表明,五味子水提物可以明显缩短糖尿病脑病大鼠的逃避潜伏期,增加穿越目标区域次数及中心区域(%)(P0.05).     

Bioanalytical applications of isothermal nucleic acid amplification techniques

The most popular in vitro nucleic acid amplification techniques like polymerase chain reaction (PCR) including real-time PCR are costly and require thermocycling, rendering them unsuitable for uses at point-of-care. Highly efficient in vitro nucleic acid amplification techniques using simple, portable and low-cost instruments are crucial in disease diagnosis, mutation detection and biodefense. Toward this goal, isothermal amplification techniques that represent a group of attractive in vitro nucleic acid amplification techniques for bioanalysis have been developed. Unlike PCR where polymerases are easily deactivated by thermally labile constituents in a sample, some of the isothermal nucleic acid amplification techniques, such as helicase-dependent amplification and nucleic acid sequence-based amplification, enable the detection of bioanalytes with much simplified protocols and with minimal sample preparations since the entire amplification processes are performed isothermally. This review focuses on the isothermal nucleic acid amplification techniques and their applications in bioanalytical chemistry. Starting off from their amplification mechanisms and significant properties, the adoption of isothermal amplification techniques in bioanalytical chemistry and their future perspectives are discussed. Representative examples illustrating the performance and advantages of each isothermal amplification technique are discussed along with some discussion on the advantages and disadvantages of each technique.     

Recent advances in formaldehyde-responsive fluorescent probes

Formaldehyde is one of the simplest reactive carbonyl species. In view of the harmfulness of formaldehyde in nature and humans, it is of great signifi cance to further elucidate roles and functions of formaldehyde by a noninvasive detection approach. Fluorescent probes have become a popular tool to track and detect formaldehyde in vitro and in vivo, which have attracted more and more interest recently. This review focuses on various reaction mechanisms to design the fluorescent probes for detecting formaldehyde.     

刺五加叶黄酮脂质体和滴丸的药动学差异比较

采用液质联用(LC-MS/MS)方法,分析刺五加叶黄酮脂质体、刺五加叶滴丸和刺五加叶黄酮提取物经大鼠灌胃给药后其主要成分金丝桃苷的药代动力学和生物利用度,考察刺五加叶黄酮的适宜剂型。用PKsolver软件进行药代动力学数据处理,大鼠灌胃刺五加叶黄酮提取物、刺五加叶滴丸和刺五加叶黄酮脂质体后测得金丝桃苷的最大血药浓度(C_(max))分别为(210.24±10.3)、(254.12±9.2)、(349.34±12.5)μg/L;0~t时间内药时曲线面积(AUC_(0-t))分别为(30.7±2.7)、(35.01±1.98)、(45.2±2.8)μg/(m L·min);平均驻留时间(MRT)分别为(334.42±75.36)、(394.56±90.26)和(640.35±84.26)min。结果表明,刺五加叶黄酮脂质体血药达峰浓度增加,清除速率降低,药时曲线下面积加大,生物利用度显著提高,脂质体有望成为刺五加叶黄酮的适宜剂型。     

Isothermal and nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of novel biobased poly(ethylene succinate-<Emphasis Type="Italic">co</Emphasis>-ethylene sebacate) copolymers from the amorphous state

In this work, the isothermal and nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of three novel biobased poly(ethylene succinate-co-ethylene sebacate) (PESSe) copolymers was systematically investigated with differential scanning calorimetry under different crystallization conditions from the amorphous state. For the isothermal cold crystallization kinetics study, the Avrami equation could well describe the crystallization process of PESSe at various crystallization temperatures. All three PESSe copolymers crystallized through the same crystallization mechanism; moreover, the overall isothermal cold crystallization rate of PESSe decreased with increasing ethylene sebacate (ESe) comonomer content. The nonisothermal cold crystallization kinetics of PESSe was also studied at different heating rates. With increasing ESe content or heating rate, the nonisothermal cold crystallization exotherm of PESSe copolymers shifted to high temperature range. Both the crystallization rate parameter and crystallization rate coefficient of PESSe copolymers decreased with increasing ESe content, indicating that PESSe copolymer with higher ESe content crystallized more slowly than that with lower ESe content. The Ozawa equation was used to analyze the nonisothermal cold crystallization kinetics of PESSe copolymers, which was found to fit the crystallization process very well.     

DROP FORMATION FROM A CAPILLARY TUBE IN THE PRESENCE OF SURFACTANT 1)

本文研究了竖直毛细圆管出口表面活化剂包覆液滴的形成过程。基于泰勒展开和润滑近似理论, 建立了液滴形成过程的一维动力学模型,并且通过坐标变换和有限差分的方法进行了数值求解。结果显示, 液滴自由面上表面活化剂包覆层可促进液滴颈部断裂,加快液滴头部与尾部锥形区的分离过程。与此同时, 还可增大颈部断裂前液滴下落的极限位移。与表面活化剂的活性相比, 液滴自由面上表面活化剂浓度的变化对液滴形成过程以及液滴形貌变化的影响更为显著。