基于粗糙集理论的胸部X线数字图象增强方法的研究

采用一种基于粗糙集理论实现胸部X线数字图象增强的新方法,该方法根据粗糙集的条件属性,将一幅采用双能量算法获得的肺部软组织X线数字图象划分为不同的子图象,然后对各个子图象分别作衬比增强从结果中可看出,采用种方法处理后得到的图象效果较为理想,能给临床上的医学工作者提供清晰的图象,同时也为后续的计算机辅助诊断提供有效的依据.     

Electromagnetically—induced transparency in a multi—V—type system in cesium atomic vapour

Electromagnetically-induced transparency is observed in a three-level multi-V-type system in cesium vapour at room temperature.The absorption property is measured and the hyperfine structures of atomic states can be datermined.The results of the experiment agree with the theoretical analysis.     

Energetics and vibrational states for hydrogen on Pt(111)

We present a combination of theoretical calculations and experiments for the low-lying vibrational excitations of H and D atoms adsorbed on the Pt(111) surface. The vibrational band states are calculated based on the full three-dimensional adiabatic potential energy surface obtained from first-principles calculations. For coverages less than three quarters of a monolayer, the observed experimental high-resolution electron peaks at 31 and 68 meV are in excellent agreement with the theoretical transitions between selected bands. Our results convincingly demonstrate the need to go beyond the local harmonic oscillator picture to understand the dynamics of this system.     

Specific heat of single crystal MgB2: a two-band superconductor with two different anisotropies

Heat-capacity measurements of a 39 microg MgB2 single crystal in fields up to 14 T and below 3 K allow the determination of the low-temperature linear term of the specific heat, its field dependence, and its anisotropy. Our results are compatible with two-band superconductivity, the band carrying the smaller gap being isotropic, that carrying the larger gap having an anisotropy of approximately 5. Three different upper critical fields are thus needed to describe the superconducting state of MgB2.     

尾流效应对快速双原子分子离子在固体中电荷态及分子轴取向的影响

研究了快速双原子分子离子在固体中穿行时,尾流效应对各离子电荷态以及库仑爆炸过程的影响.借助于线性介电响应理论和局域介电函数,离子之间的动力学相互作用势可以表示成对称的屏蔽库仑势和非对称的尾势.通过对分子离子上所有束缚电子的总能量进行变分和求解单个离子的运动方程,自洽地确定出分子离子中每个离子的电荷态.数值结果表明,由于尾流效应的影响,在初始穿行阶段,分子离子中导航离子的电荷数随穿行深度的增加而单调递增,而尾随离子的电荷数则随穿行深度的增加而振荡.但当穿行深度很大时,两个离子的电荷数都趋于具有相同速度的孤立离子的电荷数.此外,还发现分子轴的取向朝入射速度方向偏转     

硫酸海胆内容物多糖化学结构的质谱法研究

将海胆内容物硫酸多糖XB-3进行脱硫得到多糖XB-3D,分别对XB-3和XB-3D进行甲基化,对脱硫前后的部分甲基化糖进行气相色谱-质谱测定,通过质谱分析法得出XB-3和XB-3D的结构信息,包括其主链和支链的构成、连接方式、硫酸基取代位置和结构模型。     

RP-HPLC测定罗勒中石吊兰素的含量

建立反相-高效液相色谱法(RP-HPLC)测定罗勒(Ocimum basilicumL.)中石吊兰素的含量。用Microsorb-M V 100-5C18(4.6mm×250mm,5μm)色谱柱,甲醇:1%醋酸=86:14(V/V)为流动相,流速为0.5mL/min,检测波长为335nm。石吊兰素浓度在0.27—32.4μg/mL范围内与峰面积线性关系良好(r=0.9999),方法平均回收率大于99%(n=9)。方法简单、可靠,可应用于罗勒植物中石吊兰素的含量测定。     

Correcting the systematic error of the density functional theory calculation: the alternate combination approach of genetic algorithm and neural network

The alternate combinational approach of genetic algorithm and neural network (AGANN) has been presented to correct the systematic error of the density functional theory (DFT) calculation.It treats the DFT as a black box and models the error through external statistical information.As a demonstration,the AGANN method has been applied in the correction of the lattice energies from the DFT calculation for 72 metal halides and hydrides.Through the AGANN correction,the mean absolute value of the relative errors of the calculated lattice energies to the experimental values decreases from 4.93% to 1.20% in the testing set.For comparison,the neural network approach reduces the mean value to 2.56%.And for the common combinational approach of genetic algorithm and neural network,the value drops to 2.15%.The multiple linear regression method almost has no correction effect here.     

Artificial neural network method for determining optical properties from double-integrating-spheres measurements

<正>Accurate measurement of the optical properties of biological tissue is very important for optical diagnosis and therapeutics.An artificial neural network(ANN)-based inverse reconstruction method is introduced to determine the optical properties of turbid media,which is based on the reflectance(R) and transmittance (T) of a thin sample measured by a double-integrating-spheres system.The accuracy and robustness of the method has been validated,and the results show that the root mean square errors(RMSEs) of the absorption coefficientμ_a and scattering coefficientμ'_s reconstruction are less than 0.01 cm~(-1) and 0.02 cm~(-1),respectively.The algorithm is not only very accurate in the case of a lower albedo(~0.33),but also very robust to the noise of R and T especially for theμ'_s reconstruction.     

Numerical simulations of the impact of wavefront phase distortions of pump on the beam quality of OPA

<正>A numerical model of optical parametric amplification(OPA) is introduced to investigate the impact of wavefront phase distortion of pump on the beam quality of signal.Numerical results show that the unidentical walk-off directions of the pump and the idler waves are the main factors leading to the transfer of wavefront phase distortions of the pump to the signal,and by reducing the angle between the two directions,the beam quality factor(M~2) can be greatly decreased and hence the good beam quality of the signal can be maintained.