卤代铂络合物与烯烃络合的价键特征及催化作用的量子化学讨论

本文利用量子化学CNDO/2方法,计算了一乙烯三卤化铂,二乙烯二卤化铂体系。以乙烯为例,探讨了有机烯烃分子与过渡金属原子铂络合的价键特征,同时考查了卤素(F、Cl、Br、Ⅰ)对其的影响规律。为络合催化机理的探讨提供有益的信息。     

酚醛树脂热裂解产物的导电特性

近年来,无论是从理论方面还是从实验方面,人们对导电高分子材料的研究都不断深入,最近报道掺杂的聚乙炔电导率已高达10~5S·cm~(-1),但聚乙炔在空气中不稳定,应用受到限制。 一维石墨由于具有缩合芳香环结构,在空气中表现出很高的稳定性,日本K.Tanaka等人对一维石墨成员从理论上进行了详细讨论,认为具有多并苯骨架结构的一维石墨成员     

Grafting of single, stimuli-responsive poly(ferrocenylsilane) polymer chains to gold surfaces

Redox-responsive poly(ferrocenylsilane) (PFS) polymer molecules were attached individually to gold surfaces for force spectroscopy experiments on the single molecule level. By grafting ethylenesulfide-functionalized PFS into the defects of preformed self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of different omega-mercaptoalkanols on Au(111), the surface coverage of PFS macromolecules could be conveniently controlled. Atomic force microscopy (AFM), contact angle, as well as cyclic and differential pulse voltammetry measurements were carried out to characterize the morphology, wettability, and surface coverage of the grafted layers. The values of the PFS surface coverage were found to depend on the chain length of the omega-mercaptoalkanol molecules and on the concentration of the PFS solution but not on the insertion time or on the molar mass of PFS. The equilibrium surface coverages were successfully described by Langmuir adsorption isotherms. For low-surface coverage values (< 6.2 x 10(-4) chain/nm2), achieved by PFS insertion from very dilute solutions (8 x 10(-6) M) into long-chain SAMs, AFM and differential pulse voltammetry showed that surfaces exposing isolated individual polymer chains were obtained. The isolated PFS macromolecules were subjected to in situ AFM-based single molecule force spectroscopy (SMFS) measurements. The single chain elasticity of PFS in isopropanol (and ethanol) was fitted with the modified freely jointed chain (m-FJC) model. This procedure yielded a Kuhn segment length of 0.33 +/- 0.05 nm and a segment elasticity of 32 +/- 5 nN/nm.     

Efficient generation of coherent blue light at 440 nm by intracavity-frequency-tripling 1319-nm emission from a Nd:YAG laser

A new route for efficiently generating coherent blue light has been explored based on intracavity effective third-harmonic generation in one partly periodically poled KTiOPO4 crystal placed inside the cavity of a diode-pumped Nd:YAG laser. To achieve efficient conversion, we use a dual-temperature oven to separately control the phase-matching conditions for the two second-order nonlinear processes. In addition, a Fabry-Perot cavity at 660 nm is incorporated into the crystal to increase the blue power significantly. When the laser is Q switched to produce long pulses, an average power of 118 mW is generated at 440 nm at a pump power of 10 W.     

Reductions of threshold for a mid-infrared optical parametric oscillator by an intracavity optical amplifier

We demonstrate that the threshold for a mid-IR optical parametric oscillator based on periodically poled LiNbO3 is significantly reduced by the introduction of an optical amplifier inside the cavity. Thresholds as low as 8 mW and a tuning range of 3.0-4.2 microm were attained for stable single-mode operation.     

自动QuEChERS结合气相色谱-串联质谱法测定花生中297种农药残留

建立了基于自动QuEChERS方法的花生中297种农药的气相色谱－串联质谱（GC－MS/MS）快速检测技术,并对提取剂种类及用量、缓冲盐用量、净化剂种类及用量进行了优化。花生样品加水浸润后,采用1%（体积分数）醋酸乙腈提取,结合自动QuEChERS前处理设备,以N-丙基乙二胺（PSA）、十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶（C18）、碳十八键合锆胶（Z－Sep+）和无水硫酸镁为填料进行净化。净化液经 1 mL 乙酸乙酯复溶后,过0. 22 μm 有机微孔滤膜,采用 GC－MS/MS 在多重反应监测（MRM）模式下进行测定,基质匹配外标法进行定量。结果表明,所有农药的相关系数（r2）均大于0. 995,定量下限为 2～10 μg/kg;在 10、20、50、100 μg/kg4 个加标水平下的平均回收率分别为 72. 7%～116%、71. 9%～117%、73. 2%～112% 和 71. 5%～120%,相对标准偏差（RSDs）分别为 0. 90%～15%、0. 70%～15%、0. 60%～14% 和 0. 40%～15%。应用所建立的方法对市售8批次花生样品进行检测,结果表明,8批次样品中共有6批次检出农药残留,共检出17种农药,其中一批样品中百治磷检出浓度最高,达到34. 67 μg/kg。该方法简便、快速、灵敏度高且自动化程度高,适用于花生中数百种农药多残留的快速检测分析。     

Preparative separation of vitexin and isovitexin from pigeonpea extracts with macroporous resins

Vitexin and isovitexin are a pair of isomeric compounds known as the major constituents in pigeonpea leaves and possess various pharmacological activities. In the present study, the preparative separation of vitexin and isovitexin with macroporous resins (Nankai Hecheng S & T, Tianjin, China) was studied. The performance and adsorption characteristics of eight macroporous resins including ADS-5, ADS-7, ADS-8, ADS-11, ADS-17, ADS-21, ADS-31 and ADS-F8 have been evaluated. The research results indicate that ADS-5 resin is most appropriate for the separation of vitexin and isovitexin. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were used to describe the interactions between solutes and resin at different temperatures, and the equilibrium experimental data were well fitted to the two isotherms. Column packed with ADS-5 resin was used to perform dynamic adsorption and desorption tests to optimize the separation process. The optimum parameters for adsorption were as follows: the concentration of vitexin and isovitexin in sample solution: 0.22 and 0.40mg/mL, respectively, processing volume: 3 BV, flow rate: 1mL/min, pH 4, temperature: 25 degrees C; for desorption: ethanol-water (40:60, v/v), 5 BV as an eluent, flow rate: 1mL/min. After one run treatment with ADS-5 resin, the contents of vitexin and isovitexin were increased 4.07-fold and 11.52-fold from 0.86%, 1.53% to 3.50% and 17.63%, the recovery yields were 65.03% and 73.99%, respectively. In conclusion, the preparative separation of vitexin and isovitexin can be easily and effectively achieved via adsorption and desorption on ADS-5 resin, and the method can be referenced for the separation of other flavone C-glucosides from herbal materials.