Integral Inequalities and Global Solutions of Semilinear Evolution Equations

A criterion for the nonexplosion of solutions to semilinear evolution equations on Banach spaces is proved. The result is obtained by applying a modification of the Bihari type inequality to the case of a weakly singular nonlinear integral inequality.     

Two modifications of the least cost per period heuristic for dynamic lot-sizing

This paper proposes two constructive heuristics for the well-known single-level uncapacitated dynamic lot-sizing problem. The proposed heuristics, called net least period cost (nLPC) and nLPC(i), are developed by modifying the average period cost concept from Silver and Meal's heuristic, commonly known as least period cost (LPC). An improved tie-breaking stopping rule and a locally optimal decision rule are proposed in the second heuristic to enhance performance. We test the effectiveness of the proposed heuristics by using 20 benchmarking test problems frequently used in the literature. Furthermore, we perform a large-scale simulation study involving three factors, 50 experimental conditions, and 100?000 randomly generated problems to evaluate the proposed heuristics against LPC and six other well-known constructive heuristics in the literature. The simulation results show that both nLPC and nLPC(i) produce average holding and setup costs lower than or equal to those of LPC in every one of the 50 experimental conditions. The proposed heuristics also outperform each of the six other heuristics evaluated in all experimental conditions, without an increase in computational requirements. Lastly, considering that both nLPC and nLPC(i) are fairly simple for practitioners to understand and that lot-sizing heuristics have been commonly used in practice, there should be a very good chance for practical applications of the proposed heuristics.     

Time-domain numerical computation of noise reduction by diffraction and finite impedance of barriers

A new time-domain numerical method is presented for the estimation of noise reduction by the diffraction and finite impedance of barriers. High order finite difference schemes conventionally used for computational aeroacoustics, and time-domain impedance boundary conditions are utilized for the development of the time-domain method. Compared with other methods, this method can be applied more easily to the problems related to nonlinear noise propagation such as impulsive noise and broadband noise. Linearized Euler equations in Cartesian co-ordinates are considered and solved numerically. Straight and T-shaped barriers with and without surface admittance are calculated. In order to assess the accuracy of this time-domain method, comparison with the results of SYSNOISE software (Ver. 5.3) are made. There are very good agreements between the results of the present time-domain numerical method and the boundary element method of the SYSNOISE software.     

Effects of B′-site transition metal on the properties of double perovskites Sr2FeMO6 (M=Mo, W): B′ 4d-5d system

The crystal structure, magnetic and magnetotransport properties of the variation of B′-site transition metal in Sr₂FeMO₆ (M=Mo, W) with double perovskites structure have been investigated systematically. Measurements of magnetization vs. temperature at H=5 T show that Sr₂FeMoO₆ is a ferromagnet and Sr₂FeWO₆ is an antiferromagnet with T_N∼35 K. Additionally, the large magnetoresistance ratio (MR) of ∼22% (H=3 T) at room temperature (RT) was observed in the Sr₂FeWO₆ compound. However, the Sr₂FeMoO₆ compound did not show any significant MR even at high fields and RT (MR∼1%; H=3 T and 300 K). The implications of these findings are supported by band structure calculations to explain the interaction between the 4d(Mo) and 5d(W) orbitals of transition metal ions and oxygen ions.     

Asymptotic Analysis of the Current-Voltage Curve of a pnpn Semiconductor Device

We consider the one-dimensional steady-state semiconductor deviceequations modelling a pnpn device. There are two relevant scalingsof the equations corresponding to small and large applied voltages.In both scalings, the semiconductor equations can be consideredas singularly perturbed. It turns out that the small-voltagescaling breaks down for current values between two saturationcurrents. In that interval, the large-voltage scaling has tobe employed. For both scalings, we derive the first-order termsof an asymptotic expansion and show that the reduced problemhas a solution. An example verifies that the current-voltagecurves obtained have the expected qualitative structure.     

Analytical Study of Nonlinear Dust Acoustic Waves in Two-Dimensional Dust Plasma with Dust Charge Variation

The nonlinear dust acoustic waves in two-dimensional dust plasma with dust charge variation is analytically investigated by using the formally variable separation approach. New analytical solutions for the governing equation of this system have been obtained for dust acoustic waves in a dust plasma for the first time. We derive exact analytical expressions for the general case of the nonlinear dust acoustic waves in two-dimensional dust plasma with dust charge variation.     

Photoluminescence linewidth broadening due to alloy/thickness fluctuation of CdxZn1 − xSe/ZnSe triple quantum wells

Photoluminescence (PL) linewidth broadening of Cd_xZn_{1 − x}Se/ZnSe triple quantum wells, grown on GaAs substrates by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE), has been investigated. Various quantum well (QW) samples have been prepared with different QW thickness and composition (Cd-composition). Measured and calculated PL linewidth are compared. Both composition and thickness fluctuations are considered for the calculation with the parameters such as the volume of exciton, nominal thickness and composition of QWs. Surface roughness measured by atomic force microscopy (AFM) is used to estimate the interface roughness. Results show that when Cd-composition increases additional linewidth broadening due to Zn/Cd interdiffusion is enhanced.     

Synthesis and characterization of new bis(1-aryliminomethylenylnaphthalen-2-oxy)nickel complexes and their catalytic behavior for vinyl polymerization of norbornene

The synthesized 1-aryliminomethylenylnaphthalen-2-ol derivatives reacted with nickel chloride to form bis(1-aryliminomethylenylnaphthalen-2-oxy)nickel complexes. All resultant compounds were structurally characterized by elemental analyses, IR and H NMR, and the structures of the formed complexes were elucidated by X-ray crystal structure analysis. The complexes show high catalytic activities for the vinyl polymerization of norbornene in the presence of methylaluminoxane. The catalytic activity variations have been followed by gas chromatography through monitoring the conversion of norbornene.     

Characterization of a 4-miktoarm star copolymer of the (PS-b-PI)3 PS type by temperature gradient interaction chromatography

Temperature gradient interaction chromatography (TGIC) was applied for the separation of a complex miktoarm star copolymer which has one polystyrene (PS) arm and three polystyrene-b-polyisoprene (PS-b-PI) diblock copolymer arms. Such miktoarm star polymers are much more difficult to characterize than branched homopolymers since the byproduct, typically polymers with missing arm(s) or coupled products, have not only different molecular weights but also different compositions. TGIC was able to fully separate the byproducts, and the composition of the molecular species corresponding to the different separated elution peaks was determined by two methods, fractionation/NMR and multiple detection (UV and RI). A reasonable agreement between the results of the two methods was obtained. By using the composition found, the corresponding molecular weights were determined by multi-angle light scattering detection. Based on the composition and the molecular weight we were able to identify the structure of the different molecular species.     

Synthesis and chiroptical properties of two new planar-chiral macrocycles

Could simple intraannular-arm macrocyclic systems exist in enantiopure stable forms? The effective synthesis of two representative compounds of such a class, their resolution into enantiomers, and experiments justifying their stability toward racemization are presented.