三聚氰胺-甲醛气凝胶模板的结构与热稳定性

采用溶胶-凝胶法合成出三聚氰胺-甲醛（MF）有机气凝胶,并通过N2吸附、红外光谱以及热重-质谱联用等实验技术对该气凝胶的多孔形态、结构特性和热稳定性进行了表征。结果表明:MF气凝胶是一种连续的、相互贯通的3维多孔网络结构材料,比表面积约842 m2/g,平均孔径为16 nm左右;热解产生了NO, H2O, NH3, NO2, CO2和CH4气体,很好地诠释了各阶段失重,其总失重高达97%,有望作为制备3维nm级多孔材料的模板。     

ICF冷冻靶微管充气过程中气体压力测量

利用自主设计的冷冻靶微管充气系统,通过在常温环境下向靶盒注入氘气,研究了充气管两端压强差与充气管长度、充气速率及充气时间之间的相互关系。研究表明:微管注入法充气过程中,充气管两端的压强差先增大然后减小最终趋于0;充气管长度越小,充气速率越大,充气管两端压强差达到平衡所需的时间越短。该实验结果与根据修正后的Hagen-Poiseuille方程所得到的理论计算值相吻合。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱联用法同时检测降糖类和减肥类保健品中20种非法添加的化学降糖药物

建立了一种利用超高效液相色谱-质谱联用同时快速筛查、检测降糖类和减肥类保健品中20种非法添加化学成分的方法。试样用甲醇提取后,经Poroshell 120 EC-C18柱(100 mm×2.1 mm,2.7 μm)分离,以5 mmol/L乙酸铵和乙腈为流动相梯度洗脱,采用电喷雾离子源正、负离子模式切换、多反应监测模式检测。20种非法添加化合物的峰面积与质量浓度均呈良好的线性关系,相关系数均大于0.99,回收率均在75.9%~114.0%范围内,相对标准偏差均不高于11.3%,检出限均在0.3~1.5 μg/L范围内。该方法快速、简便、灵敏、重现性好,为打击降糖类和减肥类保健品中非法添加化学降糖药提供了有力的依据。     

Synthesis and bactericidal ability of Ag/TiO2 composite films deposited on titanium plate

In this study, we develop a bactericidal coating material for micro-implant, TiO₂ films with Ag deposited on were prepared on titanium plates by sol-gel process. Their anti-microbial properties were analyzed as a function of the annealed temperature using Escherichia coli as a benchmark microorganism. Ag nanoparticles deposited on TiO₂ film were of metallic nature and could grow to larger ones when the annealed temperature increased. The results indicated that the smaller size of Ag nanoparticles, the better bactericidal ability. On the other hand, the positive antibacterial effect of TiO₂ enhanced the bactericidal effect of Ag.     

Adaptive ANCF method and its application in planar flexible cables

In the conventional absolute nodal coordinate formulation (ANCF), the model is pre-meshed, the number, distribution and type of elements are unchangeable during the simulation. In addition, the deformations of a flexible body are space-varying and time-varying, one cannot predict when, where, and how the deformations will occur. Therefore, in order to obtain a satisfactory accuracy during the whole simulation, the model is usually densely meshed, but it will result in a loss of computational efficiency. In this study, an adaptive absolute nodal coordinate formulation (AANCF) is proposed to optimize the accuracy and efficiency of flexible dynamics. The movement features of flexible bodies are analyzed, and the conventional and adaptive ANCF methods are compared. Then the adaptive computation strategy is presented. The discretization errors come from the inability of interpolation functions of individual elements to capture the complexity of the exact solution, so the mesh can be adaptively optimized by changing the element sizes or the orders of interpolation functions during dynamic computation. Important issues of AANCF, including error estimation, mesh updating, and performance of the AANCF model, are analyzed and discussed in detail. A theoretical model of a planar AANCF cable is presented, where the strategies of dividing and merging elements are discussed. Moreover, the continuity of dynamic variables is deduced, and the mean factors that affect the continuity are obtained, which is very important for the subsequent continuity optimization. The simulation results indicate that the distribution of elements varies with time and space, and the elements are denser in large-deformed domains. The AANCF model improved the computational accuracy and efficiency, but the system energy is discontinuous when the elements are merged. Therefore, a continuity-optimized AANCF model is given based on the previous continuity analysis, the results show that the accuracy and continuity of energy are further improved by the continuity-optimized AANCF model.     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法分析化妆品中的常见抗生素及甲硝唑

建立了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)测定化妆品中常见的6种抗生素(美满霉素、土霉素、四环素、金霉素、多西环素、氯霉素)及甲硝唑的方法,并用于实际样品的分析。样品经甲醇-0.1 mol/L甲酸溶液(体积比为1∶1)超声提取后,以甲醇(含1%甲酸)-水(含1%甲酸)为流动相,经UPLC梯度洗脱分离后以多反应监测(MRM)模式质谱测定。方法的检出限为3～20 ng/g,回收率为87%～101%,工作曲线的线性相关系数大于0.995,线性范围为2～1000 μg/L (达3个数量级)。对11份市售化妆品进行分析检测,其中2份检出氯霉素,质量分数分别为0.37%和0.19%;1份检出甲硝唑,质量分数为1.02%;美满霉素、土霉素、四环素、金霉素、多西环素未检出。     

一类自适应运动网格的ALE方法

从积分形式的二维Lagrange流体力学方程组出发,使用ENO高阶插值多项式,推广了四边形结构网格下的一阶有限体积格式,构造一类结构网格下的高精度有限体积格式.结合有效的守恒重映方法,发展一类高精度的ALE方法,并结合自适应运动网格技术,进行ALE方法的数值模拟,得到预期的效果.     

ICF平面低温冷冻靶系统的初步设计及应用

 利用Gifford-McMahon（G-M）制冷机提供低温源,研制了平面低温冷冻靶系统。该系统最低温度可以达到10 K,制冷功率随温度降低而降低,制冷速率可控。其中,在18.6 K其制冷功率可以达到6.5 W;在14 K其制冷功率为3 W。利用该系统,初步开展了氩、氢的冷冻实验,并研究了温度对激光惯性约束聚变靶丸结构的影响。获得了氩、氢平面低温冷冻靶,并观察到了低温诱导聚变靶丸形变现象。     

氢及其同位素在聚苯乙烯与Cu界面的扩散

为了探索气体在固体表面高分子链中的扩散,使用分子动力学（MD）的方法,对H2,D2,T2在聚苯乙烯与金属铜（PS-Cu）界面的扩散进行了计算模拟,通过所得到气体的均方位移计算了气体在不同金属表面与聚苯乙烯界面中的扩散系数。结果显示:气体在界面的扩散系数比在聚苯乙烯本体中的扩散系数小,气体在PS-Cu(110)界面的扩散系数最大,在PS-Cu(111)界面的扩散系数最小。计算和分析了PS与金属表面的相互作用,发现其相互作用能越大,气体在此界面的扩散系数越小。同时,金属表面的晶面密度对气体在界面中的扩散也有一定的影响。     

A new filled function method for unconstrained global optimization

In this paper, a new filled function which has better properties is proposed for identifying a global minimum point for a general class of nonlinear programming problems within a closed bounded domain. An algorithm for unconstrained global optimization is developed from the new filled function. Theoretical and numerical properties of the proposed filled function are investigated. The implementation of the algorithm on seven test problems is reported with satisfactory numerical results.