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21.
It is proved that a semiperfect module is lifting if and only if it has a projective cover preserving direct summands. Three corollaries are obtained: (1) every cyclic module over a ring R is lifting if and only if every cyclic R-module has a projective cover preserving direct summands; (2) a ring R is artinian serial with Jacobson radical square-zero if and only if every (2-generated) R-module has a projective cover preserving direct summands; (3) a ring R is a right (semi-)perfect ring if and only if (cyclic) lifting R-module has a projective cover preserving direct summands, if and only if every (cyclic) R-module having a projective cover preserving direct summands is lifting. It is also proved that every cyclic module over a ring R is ⊕-supplemented if and only if every cyclic R-module is a direct sum of local modules. Consequently, a ring R is artinian serial if and only if every left and right R-module is a direct sum of local modules. 相似文献
22.
Yiqiang Li 《Advances in Mathematics》2010,224(3):1071-1096
We geometrize quantum groups of type D in the spirit of Beilinson et al. (1990) [1]. 相似文献
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This work develops a fully discrete implicit-explicit finite element scheme for a parabolic-ordinary system with a nonlinear reaction term which is known as the FitzHugh-Nagumo
model from physiology. The first-order backward Euler discretization for the time derivative, and an implicit-explicit discretization for the nonlinear reaction term are employed
for the model, with a simple linearization technique used to make the process of solving equations more efficient. The stability and convergence of the fully discrete implicit-explicit
finite element method are proved, which shows that the FitzHugh-Nagumo model is accurately solved and the trajectory of potential transmission is obtained. The numerical
results are also reported to verify the convergence results and the stability of the proposed
method. 相似文献
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Dr. Pengwei Li Linfang Yan Qingli Cao Prof. Chao Liang He Zhu Sihui Peng Yongpeng Yang Yuncai Liang Rudai Zhao Prof. Shuangquan Zang Prof. Yiqiang Zhang Prof. Yanlin Song 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2023,62(13):e202217910
Low-dimensional Ruddlesden-Popper (LDRP) perovskites still suffer from inferior carrier transport properties. Here, we demonstrate that efficient exciton dissociation and charge transfer can be achieved in LDRP perovskite by introducing γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) as a spacer. The hydrogen bonding links adjacent spacing sheets in (GABA)2MA3Pb4I13 (MA=CH3NH3+), leading to the charges localized in the van der Waals gap, thereby constructing “charged-bridge” for charge transfer through the spacing region. Additionally, the polarized GABA weakens dielectric confinement, decreasing the (GABA)2MA3Pb4I13 exciton binding energy as low as ≈73 meV. Benefiting from these merits, the resultant GABA-based solar cell yields a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.73 % with enhanced carrier transport properties. Furthermore, the unencapsulated device maintains 92.8 % of its initial PCE under continuous illumination after 1000 h and only lost 3 % of its initial PCE under 65 °C for 500 h. 相似文献
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We obtain the structure of the rings in which every element is either a sum or a difference of a nilpotent and an idempotent that commute. This extends the structure theorems of a commutative weakly nil-clean ring, of an abelian weakly nil-clean ring, and of a strongly nil-clean ring. As applications, this result is used to determine the 2-primal rings R such that the matrix ring \(\mathbb{M}_n (R)\) is weakly nil-clean, and to show that the endomorphism ring End D (V) over a vector space V D is weakly nil-clean if and only if it is nil-clean or dim(V) = 1 with D?= ?3. 相似文献
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CNC车床的故障概率模型 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
本文从CNC车床的故障数据的采集入手,建立了CNC车床的故障数据库。应用模糊综合评价的方法对CNC车床的故障模型进行了分析 相似文献
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