Flow-injection analysis with a small cylindrical wire type electrode

An amperometric detector with a small thin mercury film electrode is described. The device demonstrates advantageous operational characteristics such as small dispersion (D<2) and “memory effect” (me<0.6%), extensive maximum sample frequency (msf −200 samples/h), and high sensitivity. It has been proven useful in flow-injection analysis at a constant potential under hydrodynamic conditions.     

Case Study: Doping Substances in Equestrian Food Supplements

In the course of investigations on equestrian supplemental products for the presence of doping substances, two products were found to contain forbidden substances. As reported earlier a plant extract (Mexican cactus extract) named “Energy 5” contained the anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) stanozolol, 17β-hydroxy-17α-methyl-5α-androstane-3β-ol (3β,5α-THMT) as well as mestanolone not declared on the label. In the present study, a product called “Super Kalm Paste” was tested. Analysis by gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC-MS) revealed that the preparation contained the class I anti-arrhythmics quinine (trade names Kinidin^TM, Durules) and cinchonine. The samples were prepared according to a sample preparation procedure established for anabolic steroids in nutritional supplements for humans. The sample treatment comprised the extraction and purification of the analytes as well as the chemical conversion with N-methyl-N-trimethylsilyl-trifluoracetamide (MSTFA) to yield the trimethylsilyl (TMS)-derivatives. To verify whether the administration of such products could lead to positive doping tests, a pilot excretion study on “Energy 5” was conducted with two geldings, and urine samples were collected. Gas chromatography - high resolution mass spectrometry (GC-HRMS) after solid phase extraction and mixed derivatisation has demonstrated the presence of the stanozolol metabolite 16β-hydroxy-stanozolol in urine samples after “Energy 5” application.     

Thermal analysis and X-ray studies of chiral ferroelectric liquid crystalline materials and their binary mixtures

Summary Thermal properties of a homologous series of ferroelectric liquid crystals S-(-)-[4-(2-n-alkoxy-propionyloxy)]biphenyl-4'-[n-alkoxy-(3,5-dimethyl)]benzoate have been investigated by polarizing optical microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. The mesophases were identified and confirmed by X-ray too. Three binary mixtures were prepared from the individual homologues. In one of the mixtures (Mix1), the ferroelectric SmC* phase has broadened and became enantiotropic. This mesophase remained monotropic in the other two mixtures (Mix2, Mix3). The chiral nematic N* phase did not appear in Mix1, but remained monotropic for the other two mixtures. Two molecular parameters, the layer spacing and the average intermolecular distance have been calculated from the X-ray results for the homologues and their mixtures. An intercalated tail-to-tail packing of molecules was found both in the single compounds and their mixtures resulting in the layer spacing about half of the molecular length of the single compounds.     

关于铀同位素标准物质的几个问题

讨论了铀同位素标准物质(UIRM)研制中的一些技术问题,如IRM中同位素丰度的定值,IRM不确定度的影响因素等,并介绍了国内外UIRM研制情况。     

Analytical Detectors Based on Microplasma Spectrometry

Miniaturizing all dimensions of apparatus, such as electronics and computers, is the current trend followed by scientists in various fields. The idea of Lab-on-a-Chip has significantly expanded and found its broad applications in analytical chemistry. Microplasmas can act as a sample excitation source and are the miniaturized versions of full-sized plasmas. These can be created in various forms, such as direct current, microwave induced, capacitively coupled and inductively coupled plasmas. Scaling down the size would reduce the amount of gases, liquids and consumables required, as well as the sample analysis time, which in turn would decrease the operating costs. Therefore, several research groups are involved in the development of microplasmas for utilisation in analytical instruments.     

碱金属沸石上乙醇双分子缩合反应及其机理

首次发现在碱金属Ｘ沸石上乙醇能够发生以正丁醇为主产物的双分子缩合反应，在所研究的催化剂中，含Ｒｂ的ＬｉＸ沸石表现出较高的反应活性和选择性。反应机理的研究表明，反应不经过ａｌｄｏｌ缩合步骤。在此基础上，对反应机理提出了新建议：在碱性沸石作用下，乙醇的β－位Ｃ－Ｈ键被活化，双分子脱水导致缩合。碳链的增长按此模式进行。     

A novel small-molecule near-infrared II fluorescence probe for orthotopic osteosarcoma imaging

Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant tumor of bone, particularly among children and adolescents. Advances in imaging, surgical techniques, and implants have dramatically reduced the need for amputation in the past three decades.Recently, in vivo fluorescence imaging in the second near-infrared window(NIR-II, 1,000–1,700 nm) shows impressive advantages of deeper tissue penetration and higher spatial resolution, which makes it a promising tool for the early diagnosis and post-operative observation of Osteosarcoma. To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first time to develop a novel NIR-II fluorescence probe conjugated with an osteosarcoma targeted oligopeptide for molecular tumor imaging in a xenograft orthotopic osteosarcoma mouse model.     

拟薄水铝石/陶瓷胶态加工浆料的流变性能

用拟薄水铝石纳米胶粒分散微米二硼化钛形成固含量为60Wt%的稳定陶瓷浆料,实验考察了拟薄水铝石固含量、二硼化钛固含量、温度对浆料流变性、稳定性的影响,对纳米γ-AlOOH胶粒分散微米TiB2的机制进行了讨论.大小约20nm的γ-AlOOH颗粒相互网联,成为外加微米陶瓷颗粒的骨架.浆料粘度随二硼化钛固含量的增加而增大,温度升高有利于胶体中薄水铝胶团与二硼化钛颗粒的相互作用并促进分散.     

LaC_3~n(n=-1,0,+1)分子簇的理论研究(英文)

用密度泛函方法研究了ＬａＣ３ｎ（ｎ＝－１，０，＋１）分子簇的结构和稳定性，对这个四原子体系，提出了５种可能构型，其中３种具有Ｃ２ｖ对称性，２种为Ｃ∞ｖ对称性．在Ｃ２ｖ对称性结构中，其中１个为Ｌａ接在弯曲的Ｃ３链上，第２个是Ｌａ通过２个键与Ｃ３环相链，第３个是Ｌａ通过１个键与Ｃ３环相连；在Ｃ∞ｖ对称性中，第１个Ｌａ接在Ｃ３链的一端，而在第２个构型中，Ｌａ被插入在Ｃ３链中．结果表明，环状结构当Ｌａ接在弯曲的Ｃ３链上的是局域极小值并且最稳定