穆斯堡尔谱学中样品最佳厚度的确定

提出一种理论计算结合实验测量来确定穆斯堡尔（Ｍｏｓｓｂａｕｅｒ）谱实验样品最佳厚度（ｄｏｐｔ）的办法。在穆斯堡尔谱测量中，信噪比（Ｑ）可用一个解析式来表示，其值随实验样品厚度的变化有一个极大值，它对应于样品的最佳厚度ｄｏｐｔ．研究表明，要确定一个样品的最佳厚度ｄｏｐｔ，除了清楚其化学成分外，若准确知道样品的无反冲分数ｆａ，则可以直接通过理论计算来求ｄｏｐｔ；否则，就要用本文介绍的办法来确定ｄｏｐｔ。     

眼镜光学技术的新进展

本文从光学材料、表面处理、镜片设计等方面阐述用于眼镜片的新技术,还简要介绍了液晶和电致变色器件(ECD)在眼镜光学技术中的应用。     

重复性"饥饿/再投喂"对大鼠脂代谢及主动脉影响的研究

为探讨经过重复性"饥饿/再投喂"方式处理后大鼠摄取高脂食物时有关体质量控制与能量平衡调节的瘦素(leptin)和神经肽Y(NPY)的表达变化,设计"重复性饥饿1 d/再投喂基础饲料1 d,持续6周"的饲喂方式处理动物模型,6周后改为每天喂以高脂饲料(高脂模型组),另设高脂对照组和基础对照组,喂养至12周,测定了血脂水平...     

Die-upset Nd11.5Fe72.4Co9Nb1B6.1 magnets with additions of Zn, Al and Sn

The magnetic properties and microstructure were studied for bulk Nd_11.5Fe_72.4Co₉Nb₁B_6.1 magnets synthesized by hot-pressing and subsequent die-upsetting the melt-spun ribbons with additions of three kinds of low-melting-point metal (Zn, Al and Sn). Die-upset Nd_11.5Fe_72.4Co₉Nb₁B_6.1 magnets have low magnetic properties since they have an inhomogeneous microstructure with many coarse grains. The microstructure of die-upset magnets remains almost unchanged with Al and Sn additions, which only have negative effects on the magnetic properties. Different from Al and Sn additions, Zn addition changes the phase composition of the starting melt-spun powers due to the reaction of Zn and Nd₂Fe₁₄B during hot-pressing and hot-deforming and enhances the development of the desired [0 0 1] texture and improves the microstructure of die-upset magnets. As a result, an anisotropic magnet with good maximum energy product (221 kJ/m³) and high coercivity (670 kA/m) is obtained by adding 2 wt% Zn to the Nd_11.5Fe_72.4Co₉Nb₁B_6.1 alloy.     

Optimal concentration of electrolyte additive for cyclic stability improvement of high-voltage cathode of lithium-ion battery

Additives that can be oxidized preferentially to the baseline electrolyte are possible of forming a protective cathode interphase, but less attention has been paid to the effect of the additive concentration. Herein, this issue is addressed by evaluating the effect of an easily oxidizable electrolyte additive, tripropyl borate (TPB), on the cyclic stability of high-voltage cathode, LiNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄. It is found that the optimal concentration of TPB is 1 wt.% for the best cyclic stability of LiNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄ and the discharge capacity of LiNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄ will decrease when TPB concentration is lower or higher than this concentration. This effect is related to the resulting interphase from TPB, which cannot provide sufficient protection for the structural integrity of LiNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄ when it is formed in the electrolyte with lower concentrations of TPB, while shows an increased interfacial impedance of LiNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄/electrolyte when it is formed from higher concentrations of TPB.     

pH-Triggered Molecular Switch Toward Texture-Regulated Zn Anode

Zn electrodes in aqueous media exhibit an unstable Zn/electrolyte interface due to severe parasitic reactions and dendrite formation. Here, a dynamic Zn interface modulation based on the molecular switch strategy is reported by hiring γ-butyrolactone (GBL) in ZnCl₂/H₂O electrolyte. During Zn plating, the increased interfacial alkalinity triggers molecular switch from GBL to γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB). GHB strongly anchors on Zn surface via triple Zn−O bonding, leading to suppressive hydrogen evolution and texture-regulated Zn morphology. Upon Zn stripping, the fluctuant pH turns the molecular switch reaction off through the cyclization of GHB to GBL. This dynamic molecular switch strategy enables high Zn reversibility with Coulombic efficiency of 99.8 % and Zn||iodine batteries with high-cyclability under high Zn depth of discharge (50 %). This study demonstrates the importance of dynamic modulation for Zn electrode and realizes the reversible molecular switch strategy to enhance its reversibility.     

ARMOR: Auto-Assembled Resilient Biomimetic Calcified Ornaments for Selective Cell Protection by Dual-Aptamer-Driven Hybridization Chain Reaction

Unlike plant and microbial cells having cell walls, the outermost layer of mammalian cell is a delicate, two-layered structure of phospholipids with proteins embedded, which is susceptible to environmental changes. It is necessary to create an “armor” on cell surface to protect cell integrity. Here, we propose an A uto-assembled R esilient bioM imetic calcified OR naments (ARMOR) strategy driven by dual-aptamer-based hybridization chain reaction (HCR) and Ca²⁺ assisted calcification for selective cell protection. This co-recognition design enhances the selectivity and leverages robust in situ signal amplification by HCR to improve the sensitivity. The calcified shell is cogenerated by crosslinking the alginate-HCR product with Ca²⁺ ion. ARMOR has high efficiency for shielding cells from environmental assaults, which can be applied to circulating tumor cell (CTC) protection, isolation, and identification, maintaining the native state and intact genetic information for downstream analysis.