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11.
[reaction: see text] A new class of molecular machine exhibits a hingelike motion upon photoirradiation. The motion (close and open) can be operated by alternate irradiation with UV and visible light. The trans/trans and cis/cis isomers are thermally stable at 40 degrees C, and the photochemical closure reaction (from trans/trans to cis/cis isomer) is dependent on the intensity of the light used because of the short-lived intermediate (trans/cis isomer). 相似文献
12.
Noriaki Nagai Mayu Kawaguchi Misa Minami Kana Matsumoto Tatsuji Sasabe Kenji Nobuhara Akira Matsubara 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2022,27(10)
N,N-diethyl-3-toluamide (DEET) is one of the most widely used insect repellents in the world. It was reported that a solution containing 6–30% cyclodextrin (CD) as a solvent instead of ethanol (EtOH) provided an enhancement of the repellent action time duration of the DEET formulation, although the high-dose CD caused stickiness. In order to overcome this shortcoming, we attempted to prepare a 10% DEET formulation using EtOH containing low-dose CDs (β-CD, 2-hydroxypropyl-β-CD (HPβCD), methyl-β-CD, and sulfobutylether-β-CD) as solvents (DEET/EtOH/CD formulations). We determined the CD concentration to be 0.1% in the DEET/EtOH/CD formulations, since the stickiness of 0.1% CDs was not felt (approximately 8 × 10−3 N). The DEET residue on the skin superficial layers was prolonged, and the drug penetration into the skin tissue was decreased by the addition of 0.1% CD. In particular, the retention time and attenuated penetration of DEET on the rat skin treated with the DEET/EtOH/HPβCD formulation was significantly higher in comparison with that of the DEET/EtOH formulation without CD. Moreover, the repellent effect of DEET was more sustained by the addition of 0.1% HPβCD in the study using Aedes albopictus. In conclusion, we found that the DEET/EtOH/HPβCD formulations reduced the skin penetration of DEET and prolonged the repellent action without stickiness. 相似文献
13.
Yasuo Horikawa Takeshi Takeda Toshiki Takizawa Taro Akazawa Ryota Fujio Tatsuo Fujimaki 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》1996,34(7):1183-1188
The anionic polymerization of 1,3-butadiene using a novel metalloidal anion initiator, triallylstannyllithium (TALi)-allyllithium (ALi), was studied. The TALi-ALi initiated anionic polymerization of 1,3-butadiene gave the star polymer along with the linear polybutadiene (PBD). The star polymer consisted of three PBD branches and a central tin atom. What is striking is a fact that the number-average molecular weights (Mn) and molecular weight distribution of three PBD branches and linear PBD were almost identical. A reversible chain transfer polymerization mechanism, which includes the equilibrium between tri(macroallyl)-stannyllithium and macroallylic anion, is proposed. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
14.
Hiroshi Torii Keiji Fujimoto Haruma Kawaguchi 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》1996,34(7):1237-1243
Four kinds of water-soluble, nonionic azo compounds were studied in terms of their decomposition rate and initiator efficiency in radical polymerization, and then used for emulsion polymerization. They had relatively low initiator efficiency from 0.09 to 0.46. It was attributed to the susceptibility to a cage effect, depending on their molecular size and hydrophobicity. Four azo compounds initiated emulsion polymerization but nonionic latex particles were not obtained unexpectedly. Methanol-containing medium results in the formation of a bimodal particle size distribution as well as a bimodal molecular weight distribution. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
15.
Masaru Yoshida Masaharu Asano Hideki Omichi Masaharu Miyajima Yasuo Takahashi Hidetoshi Yamanaka Noriyuki Yonezawa Ryoichi Katakai 《Macromolecular theory and simulations》1993,2(3):377-384
The loosely cross-linked poly(acryloyl-L -proline methyl ester) gel, which is known as one of the typical thermo-responsive gels, shows a volume transition around approximately 14°C in pure water. This volume transition is shifted to higher temperature by treatment in aqueous sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The analysis of the swelling-temperature curve (frequency distribution) was performed according to a moment analysis, in which the area under the swelling-temperature curve (AUC), mean swelling transition temperature (MSTT) and variance of swelling transition temperature (VSTT) were calculated. It is shown that the apparent volume transition temperature can be estimated from MSTT and that VSTT can be used to characterize the shape of the corresponding curves. 相似文献
16.
Tomohiro Takano Chutiparn Lertvachirapaiboon Yasuo Ohdaira Akira Baba Keizo Kato 《Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals》2019,685(1):93-99
AbstractGas sensing by using the transmission surface plasmon resonance (T-SPR) technique was demonstrated. Polyacrylic acid (PAA)/5-nm-thick gold/40-nm-thick silver/polycarbonate grating substrate structure (Sensor A) responded to ammonia; however, it exhibited a strong humidity dependence. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/5-nm-thick gold/40-nm-thick silver/polycarbonate grating substrate structure (Sensor B) as the sensing material was also prepared and it mainly responded to humidity. The T-SPR properties of Sensors A and B were observed simultaneously by a stacking arrangement that enabled us to obtain the responses by using a single spectrophotometer. The ammonia concentration under various humidity conditions could be accurately obtained by simultaneous measurement of Sensors A and B. 相似文献
17.
18.
- , [4]. , . 相似文献
19.
Yasuo Watatani 《Journal of Functional Analysis》1996,140(2):312
LetNbe an irreducible subfactor of a typeII1factorM. If the Jones index [M:N] is finite, then the set
at(NM) of the intermediate subfactors for the inclusionNMforms afinitelattice. The commuting and co-commuting square conditions for intermediate subfactors are related to the modular identity in the lattice
at(NN). In particular, simplicity of a finite groupGis characterized in terms of commuting square conditions of intermediate subfactors forNM=NG. We investigate the question of which finite lattices can be realized as intermediate subfactor lattices. 相似文献
20.
Yasuo Yuzawa 《Journal of Differential Equations》2005,219(2):363-374
We discuss the local existance and uniqueness of solutions of certain nonstrictly hyperbolic systems, with Hölder continuous coefficients with respect to time variable. We reduce the nonstrictly hyperbolic systems to the parabolic ones, then we shall prove them by use of Tanabe-Sobolevski’s method. 相似文献