铈对纳米铁氧体粉末电磁学性质影响的研究

采用固相反应制备的Ce0 .2 5FeNiO3,FeNiO5,Fe3O4 ,Fe2 O34种纳米粉体 ,在 1～ 2 0 0 0MHz范围内进行了电磁学性质 (μ′,μ″ ,ε′,ε″)及吸波特性的比较研究。发现 4种纳米粉体的 μ′数据大小顺序为Ce0 .2 5FeNiO3>FeNiO5>Fe3O4 >Fe2 O3,μ″的变化幅度为Ce0 .2 5FeNiO3>Fe3O4 >FeNiO5>Fe2 O3。Ce0 .2 5FeNiO3的ε′和ε″的变化幅度大于其他几种纳米粉体。结果表明 ,加入稀土铈的铁氧体纳米粉体性能优于其他几种材料     

Lewis acid-mediated selective chlorinations of silyl enolate

A new method involving efficient, widely applicable, and highly selective alpha-chlorination of simple silyl enolate with Lewis acid and an alpha,alpha-dichloro-1,3-dicarbonyl controller unit was reported. Diastereoselectivity and enantioselectivity of the reaction were investigated. High reactivity and selectivity were achieved by using alpha,alpha-dichlorinated malonic ester.     

反相高效液相色谱法测定饲料添加剂阿散酸中的阿散酸及掺假物质对氨基苯磺酸

建立了用于饲料添加剂阿散酸质量控制的反相高效液相色谱法。采用的色谱条件: Waters Bondapak C18柱(150 mm×4 mm, 5 μm)分离,以甲醇-水(用稀磷酸调节pH至2.9) (1:4, v/v)作流动相,流速1.0 mL/min,紫外检测波长为244 nm。在优化的色谱条件下,阿散酸和掺假物质对氨基苯磺酸在3 min内实现了基线分离。阿散酸和对氨基苯磺酸的线性范围均为5～200 mg/L,检出限(S/N=3)分别为0.20 mg/L和0.15 mg/L。该方法简便快速,适合饲料添加剂阿散酸的分析以及监测对氨基苯磺酸掺假。     

Luminescence of Eu(DBM)3Phen-doped in azobenzene-containing copolymers—Effects of absorption overlapping of two components

Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-b-poly{6-[4-(4-methylphenyl-azo)phenoxy]hexylmethacrylate} (PNIPAM₃₂-b-PAzoMM₈) and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-b-poly{6-[methyl(4-nitrophenyldiazenyl)phenyl]aminohexylmethacrylate} (PNIPAM₃₂-b-PAzoNO₁₀) were prepared by reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) radical polymerization. The optical properties of Eu(DBM)₃Phen (Eu, Europium; DBM, dibenzoylmethide; Phen, 1,10-phenanthroline)-doped azobenzene-containing copolymer vesicle solutions were studied by UV–vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. When the electronic transition bands of azobenzene and Eu(DBM)₃Phen overlapped at about 350 nm in PNIPAM₃₂-b-PAzoMM₈, the fluorescent emission intensity at 612 nm of Eu(DBM)₃Phen could be modulated by irradiation with UV and visible light. However, when the absorption of the azobenzene-moiety red-shifted to 477 nm in PNIPAM₃₂-b-PAzoNO₁₀, the luminescence intensity of Eu(DBM)₃Phen was not affected any longer. The difference between these two systems was possibly caused by the energy allocation in the luminescence process, which was discussed in detail.     

在氧化铈表面掺铝以显著提高其抛光光学玻璃的抛蚀量

将水合碳酸铈与硝酸铝和氨水共同进行机械球磨,使新形成的无定型氢氧化铝包覆在细小的碳酸铈颗粒表面,经脱水干燥和煅烧,以制备出表面掺杂有氧化铝的氧化铈。结果表明:球磨中间产物仍然以水合碳酸铈为主,氢氧化铝的形成阻碍了碳酸铈的无定型化和向氢氧化铈的转化过程。在氧化铝掺杂量不超过10%的条件下,煅烧产物均具有立方萤石型结构。所有掺杂铝的氧化铈粉体对ZF7和K9光学玻璃的抛光速率均比纯氧化铈的有很大提高,证明铝的掺杂能够大大提高氧化铈的抛光性能。其最佳掺杂量为0.6%,煅烧条件为在1000℃下煅烧2 h。此时的MRR值为纯氧化铈的两倍以上。     

A DFT Study on the Selective Extraction of Metallic Ions by 12-Crown-4

In order to predict the extraction ability of 12-crown-4 for different metallic ions, the complexes [M(12-crown-4)] and [M(H₂O)₄] (where M=Li⁺, Na⁺, K⁺, Be²⁺, Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺, Cu²⁺ and Zn²⁺) were investigated by the density functional theory without restrictions for their geometry. The metal binding capability was evaluated using the binding energy, and the effect of nature of the metal on the binding properties was also studied. The results of the calculations showed that the coordination ability of a donor molecule towards different metal ions increased in proportion to their ionization potential. In addition, based on the extraction distribution coefficient, we found that 12-crown-4 can selectively extract Cu²⁺ and Be²⁺ ions from aqueous solutions of mixed cations. Obviously, the stability of complexes and the extraction power of extractants depend greatly on the nature of the metal ions. Calculation results from our study could be used to predict the extraction power of this crown ether and could play a guiding role in planning experiments.     

Effective receptors for fluoride and acetate ions: synthesis and binding study of pyrrole- and cystine-based cyclopeptido-mimetics

Two conformationally constrained pseudo-cyclopeptides (1, 2) consisting of pyrrole-, pyridine-, and cystine-moieties were designed and synthesized as neutral receptors for anionic guests. The anion recognition abilities of these two receptors were examined photometrically in acetonitrile solution. The UV-vis study revealed that the [1+1] receptor (1) formed 1:1 complexes with anions, whereas the [2+2] receptor (2) led to 1:2 mode binding with anions. Both receptors displayed good affinity and selectivity for fluoride and acetate ions.     

A novel fluorescent method for determination of peroxynitrite using folic acid as a probe

A novel method for the determination of peroxynitrite using folic acid as a fluorescent probe is described. The method is based on the oxidation of the reduced, low-fluorescent folic acid by peroxynitrite to produce a high-fluorescent emission product. The fluorescence increase is linearly related to the concentration of peroxynitrite in the range of 3 × 10⁻⁸ to 5.0 × 10⁻⁶ mol L⁻¹ with a correlation coefficient of 0.998, and the detection limit is 1 × 10⁻⁸ mol L⁻¹. Interferences from some metal ions normally seen in biological samples, and also some anions structurally similar to peroxynitrite were studied. The optimal conditions for the detection of peroxynitrite were evaluated.     

Fluorescence-detecting cationic surfactants using luminescent CdTe quantum dots as probes

A novel fluorescence quenching method for the determination of cationic surfactants (CS), specifically cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB), and cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), has been developed using water-soluble luminescent CdTe quantum dots (QDs) modified with thioglycolic acid (TGA). The possible interference from heavy and transition metals (HTM) has been efficiently eliminated through simple sample treatment with mercapto cotton made in-house. Under optimum conditions, the extent of fluorescence quenching of CdTe QDs is linearly proportional to the concentration of CS from 2.0 × 10⁻⁷ to 7.0 × 10⁻⁶ mol L⁻¹ with a detection limit of 5.0 × 10⁻⁸ mol L⁻¹. The relative standard deviation for 1.0 × 10⁻⁶ mol L⁻¹ CTAB is 2.5% (n = 6). The proposed method exhibits high sensitivity and selectivity and furthermore avoided the use of toxic organic solvents and tedious solvent extraction procedures. It has been applied to the determination of trace CS in natural river water and commodity samples with satisfactory results. Potential interference from heavy and transition metals is eliminated during photoluminescence detection of CS through simple sample pre-treatment with mercapto cotton