Signal beating elimination using single-mode fiber to multimode fiber coupling

We experimentally demonstrate an all-passive fiber-based approach to prevent undesired beating during signal merging and detection. Beating occurs when optical signals of very close or the same wavelength are combined at a coupler and detected using a photodetector. Our approach is based on signal coupling from several single-mode fibers to a single piece of multimode fiber without interference, such that different signals propagate in different modes with different spatial positions inside the multimode fiber. We have investigated signal beating when the signals are coherent, partially coherent, or incoherent with each other. The measured results for single-mode to multimode coupling show signal beating is substantially reduced, resulting in widely opened eye diagrams and error-free bit error rate performance.     

Intelligent stimuli-responsive nano immunomodulators for cancer immunotherapy

Cancer immunotherapy is a revolutionary treatment method in oncology, which uses a human''s own immune system against cancer. Many immunomodulators that trigger an immune response have been developed and applied in cancer immunotherapy. However, there is the risk of causing an excessive immune response upon directly injecting common immunomodulators into the human body to trigger an immune response. Therefore, the development of intelligent stimuli-responsive immunomodulators to elicit controlled immune responses in cancer immunotherapy is of great significance. Nanotechnology offers the possibility of designing smart nanomedicine to amplify the antitumor response in a safe and effective manner. Progress relating to intelligent stimuli-responsive nano immunomodulators for cancer immunotherapy is highlighted as a new creative direction in the field. Considering the clinical demand for cancer immunotherapy, we put forward some suggestions for constructing new intelligent stimuli-responsive nano immunomodulators, which will advance the development of cancer immunotherapy.

Progress relating to intelligent stimuli-responsive nano immunomodulators for cancer immunotherapy is highlighted. Suggestions for constructing new strategies have been put forward, which will advance the clinical development of cancer immunotherapy.     

Aqueous/organic biphasic hydroformylation of 1‐octene catalyzed by Co2(CO)8/Ph2P(CH2CH2O)nMe

The aqueous/organic biphasic hydroformylation of 1‐octene catalyzed by Co₂(CO)₈/Ph₂P(CH₂CH₂O)_nMe, an in situ formed thermoregulated phase‐transfer cobalt catalyst, has been developed. The catalyst activity in this biphasic system was as high as that in the homogeneous system. The yield of oxo‐products was 93% when the reaction was carried out at 180 °C and under 4.0 MPa syngas pressure for 20 h. The catalyst could be easily recovered in the aqueous phase by decanting after the reaction system was cooled, and reused in consecutive reaction without any treatment. The loss of Co in the organic phase was less than 1% on average of five successive runs. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Intermolecular Complexation Between p-Sulfonated Calix[4,6,8]arene Sodium and Neutral Red

The inclusion complexation behavior of the dye guest molecule neutral red with three kinds of water-soluble p-sulfonated calix[n]arene sodium (n=4,6,8) was investigated. p-Sulfonated calix[4,6,8]arene sodium (pSC4, pSC6, pSC8) can react with neutral red to form inclusion complexes, which were confirmed by UV-vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. Fluorescence spectroscopy experiments were performed in pH=4.6 acetic buffer solutions at 25 °C to calculate the stability constants (K _S) for the stoichiometric 1:1 inclusion complexes of pSC4, pSC6 and pSC8 with neutral red. The thermodynamic parameters for the inclusion complexes were determined through a van’t Hoff analysis. Formation of the inclusion complexes of pSC4, pSC6 and pSC8 with neutral red was driven by favorable enthalpic changes with their accompanying negative entropy changes. The complex stability constants monotonically increased with the number of phenolic units in the calixarene ring, which was attributed mainly to electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonding, rather than to the cavity size.     

液相合成γ—丁内酯新型催化剂

液相合成γ┐丁内酯新型催化剂林衍华＊骆有寿（浙江大学二次资源化工国家专业实验室杭州３１００２７）关键词γ－丁内酯，１，４－丁二醇，Ｃｕ－Ｚｎ－Ｏ催化剂，绿铜锌矿１９９６－１２－０４收稿，１９９７－０６－０６修回γ－丁内酯是一种精细化学品，用作高沸点、...     

截断型亚纯映射的唯一性定理涉及到小映射的情形

唯一性定理是多复变值分布中重要的定理之一,本文在已有的研究成果上,运用Thai最新得到的第二基本定理,给出了多复变中截断型亚纯映射新的唯一性定理涉及到小映射情形.     

用quiver构造拟三角Hopf代数

利用quiver方法确定了一个广义Taft代数具有拟三角Hopf结构当且仅当它是Sweedler 4维Hopf代数．用不同于文[15]的方法,对任意的正整数n,构造出一类拟三角Hopf代数H(n)．     

辫子范畴中的bi-Frobenius代数

在辫子范畴中考察Doi的关于bi-Frobenius代数的结果.证明了辫子bi-Frobenius代数的同态基本定理.