石墨烯的制备、功能化及在化学中的应用

石墨烯是最近发现的一种具有二维平面结构的碳纳米材料, 它的特殊单原子层结构使其具有许多独特的物理化学性质. 有关石墨烯的基础和应用研究已成为当前的前沿和热点课题之一. 本文仅就目前石墨烯的制备方法、功能化方法以及在化学领域中的应用作一综述, 重点阐述石墨烯应用于化学修饰电极、化学电源、催化剂和药物载体以及气体传感器等方面的研究进展, 并对石墨烯在相关领域的应用前景作了展望.     

笼形聚氨肟树脂的研究：碱处理对吸附性能的影响

研究碱处理的笼形聚氨肟树脂（ＢＣＡＯ）对二价金属离子的吸附行为。吸附结果若生成２：１配的，得Ｍｇ＾２＋，Ｃａ＾２＋，Ｂａ＾２＋，Ｍｎ＾２＋，Ｃｏ＾２＋，Ｎｉ＾２＋，Ｚｎ＾２＋，Ｃｄ＾２＋，Ｐｂ＾２＋，Ｃｕ＾２＋离子的吸附效率分别是２７．１、２９．２、３０．４、２９．０、２７．１、３０．８、４５．０、３９．８、６０．３、６２．１％，Ｈｇ＾２＋离子的吸附效率高达１０５％，表明在吸附过程中同时生成２：１     

Preparation and properties of polyarylates from 5-t-butylisophthaloyl chloride and various bisphenols

Polyarylates containing a t-butyl pendant group were prepared from 5-t-butylisophthaloyl chloride and various bisphenols through the phase-transfer catalyzed two-phase polycondensation. The polyarylates having inherent viscosities up to 3.1 dL/g were obtained quantitatively. They were readily soluble in various solvents such as chloroform, m-cresol, and pyridine. Coloreless, transparent, and flexible films could be cast from the chloroform solutions of the polymers. The polyarylates had glass transition temperatures between 210 and 320°C, and did not lose weight below 350°C, with 10% weight loss being recorded at 395–450°C in air.     

石墨烯的制备、功能化及在化学中的应用

石墨烯是最近发现的一种具有二维平面结构的碳纳米材料, 它的特殊单原子层结构使其具有许多独特的物理化学性质. 有关石墨烯的基础和应用研究已成为当前的前沿和热点课题之一. 本文仅就目前石墨烯的制备方法、功能化方法以及在化学领域中的应用作一综述, 重点阐述石墨烯应用于化学修饰电极、化学电源、催化剂和药物载体以及气体传感器等方面的研究进展, 并对石墨烯在相关领域的应用前景作了展望.     

脊髓小脑变性疾病病人血清铜,锌,铝,铁含量的研究

脊髓小脑变性疾病（ＳＣＤ）的病因可能与遗传、神经生化紊乱、感染、微量元素平衡障碍及自由基损伤等因素有关，其中微量元素平衡障碍的研究具有重要意义。检测了ＳＣＤ中发病率较高的橄榄桥小脑萎缩症（ＯＰＣＡ）及晚发性小脑皮质萎缩症（ＬＣＣＡ）病人１５例血清中铜、锌、铝、铁等微量元素含量。发现病人比对照组铜明显降低，Ｐ〈０．０１；锌明显降低，Ｐ〈０．０１；铝明显升高，Ｐ〈０．０１；铁无明显差别。     

过敏性哮喘患者血清中10种必需微量元素水平的研究

３４例过敏性哮喘患者血清中铁，锌、铜，锰硒铬，钴镍，钡，钼的含量水平与对照组比较，揭示：（１）铁，铜，铬的含量升高；（２）硒，镍，钴、钒的钼的含量降低；（３）锌和锰的含量差异无显著性，Ｐ〉０．０５。     

X射线荧光光谱法在稀土元素分析中的应用

本文研究了Ｘ射线荧光光谱在混合稀土氧化物和高纯稀土氧化物分析中的应用，并探讨了在常量分析中影响分析准确度和精密度的主要因素；样品及标样制备，基体效应校正方法在痕量分析中降低检测限的方法，选择最佳测量条件，降低背景，与分离富集手段相结合，取得满意的结果。     

Microcalorimetric investigation of the growth of the <Emphasis Type="Italic">Escherichia coli</Emphasis> DH5α in different antibiotics

The effects of Amoxicillin Sodium and Cefuroxime Sodium on the growth of E. coli DH5α were investigated by microcalorimetry. The metabolic power-time curves of E. coli DH5α growth were determined by using a TAM air isothermal microcalorimeter at 37°C. By evaluation of the obtained parameters, such as growth rate constants (k), inhibitory ratio (I), the maximum heat power (P _m) and the time of the maximum heat power (t _m), one found that the inhibitory activity of Amoxicillin Sodium vs. E. coli DH5α is enhanced with the increasing of the Amoxicillin Sodium concentration, and the Cefuroxime Sodium has a stimulatory effect on the E. coli DH5α growth when the concentration is about 1 μg mL⁻¹. The IC₅₀ for the Amoxicillin Sodium and the Cefuroxime Sodium are 1.6 and 2.0 μg mL⁻¹, respectively, it implicates that the E. coli DH5α is more sensitive to Amoxicillin Sodium than Cefuroxime Sodium.     

Highly photoluminescent multilayer QD-glass films prepared by LbL self-assembly

A novel and facile preparation method for layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembled films incorporating quantum dots (QDs) and having intense photoluminescence (PL) from blue to red is presented. Functional sol-gel-derived glass layers prepared by the hydrolysis of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APS) or 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (MPS) have been used as a linkage between QD layers. Absorption, PL spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy were employed for characterization, which revealed that the QDs in the prepared films had a nearly close-packed coverage and were not aggregated. The PL efficiencies of the QDs (CdTe or ZnSe, both are thioglycolic acid-stabilized) dispersed in the films were roughly half that of the initial colloidal solutions but reached 24% before a refractive index correction. The thickness of the red-emitting film with 10 CdTe QD layers was approximately 50 nm. The concentration of QDs in the film derived from the first absorption peak was approximately 0.01 M. Because the PL starts to show a red shift, the obtained concentration is practically the ultimate one in the glass matrix. The mercapto, amino, and carboxyl groups play important roles in LbL self-assembling processes.     

Fundamental studies on the intermediate layer of a bipolar membrane: Part III. Effect of starburst dendrimer PAMAM on water dissociation at the interface of a bipolar membrane

Starburst dendrimer polyamidoamine (PAMAM) with ellipsoidal or spheroidal shape is structure-regular and has much more amino groups than conventional polymers. This paper investigates the possibility of these amino groups on water dissociation in a bipolar membrane interface. To do this, a bipolar membrane is prepared by casting the solution of sulfonated poly(phenylene oxide) (SPPO) in dimethyl formamide (DMF) on a commercial anion exchange membrane that is immersed in PAMAM aqueous solution in advance. The existence of PAMAM adsorbed on the membrane is proved by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the adsorption amount is evaluated by weighting method. The junction thickness of the prepared bipolar membrane is determined by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and the performance is evaluated by current–voltage curves. The experiments show that both the generation and concentration of PAMAM would strongly affect the characteristics of the bipolar membranes. There exists a transitional concentration for various generations PAMAMs to catalyze effectively the water dissociation, and above or below the transitional concentration the performance of bipolar membranes is decreasing. The higher the generation, the lower the concentration. Moreover, at a fixed solution concentration, there is not the simple relation of monotone decreasing or increasing between the performance of bipolar membranes and the generations of PAMAMs. All these can be explained according to the characteristics of PAMAMs combined with available water dissociation theory.