科研成果转化为化学反应工程实验项目的应用研究

用生活废油催化裂解与变换重整制氢来替代现有的化学反应工程中一氧化碳变换重整制氢实验,替换后的整个实验从原料到产品都是学生一手完成。该实验绿色环保,且实验过程的完成可让学生了解从原料到产品的整个连续的化工生产过程,激发了学生的学习兴趣,在提高学生的动手能力以及从事科学研究的能力的同时,降低了实验耗费成本,提高了实验的安全性。     

新型富集仪的研制及其实验教学应用

报道了新型实验教学仪器——"毛细管电泳富集仪"的研制及实验教学开发应用。对该仪器的工作原理、仪器性能、工作参数以及实际富集效果和教学应用进行了详细的说明和讨论,对于影响样品富集效果的各个因素进行了探讨。实验结果表明,该仪器的实际富集因子可达560倍。采用研制的毛细管电泳富集仪对原有实验进行深度开发,深化和丰富了仪器分析实验的实验教学内容。     

水溶性膦酸双核金属钌催化t-BuOOH氧化醇性能

双核金属钌膦酸配合物(NH_4)_3[Ru_2(hedp)_2]·2H_2O(hedp=羟基亚乙基二膦酸)在常温水溶性体系中,无需相转移催化剂,可以高效催化t-Bu OOH氧化各种醇类,包括一级醇、二级醇和长链醇。催化机理研究表明,双核金属钌膦酸配合物的[Ru~Ⅲ-Ru~Ⅱ]~(3-)单元与t-Bu OOH作用,可以形成含过氧键的Ru~Ⅲ-Ru~Ⅲ-OO~tBu过渡态,然后再对底物醇进行氧化。该机理得到实验印证,如发现酸抑制而碱催进该反应,紫外可见光谱表明Ru~Ⅲ-Ru~Ⅲ-OO~tBu的形成。     

Research Methods for Structural Analysis of Lactic Acid Bacteria Induced Exopolysaccharides

Exopolysaccharides (EPSs), produced by lactic acid bacteria (LAB), have been used primarily to improve the quality and taste of food, also possess a variety of unique biological functions, such as immunoregulation and anti-tumor activities. The diversity of molecular structural characteristics of LAB-generated EPSs represents one of the main factors responsible for this plethora of functions. Accordingly, the structural analysis of the EPSs produced by LAB is the prerequisite and basis for examining its functional and structure-activity relationships. In this report, we summarized the current progress of key methodologies involved in the structural analysis of LAB-generated EPSs, including their isolation, purification, primary structure and advances in structural research. A comprehensive discussion regarding the application of chemical analysis, instrument analysis and computer aided technology in the structure analysis of LAB-generated EPSs was provided. Further, the future development of the research on the structure of LAB-generated EPSs was also presented.     

提拉法生长YAG:Er单晶及其发光性能研究

采用提拉法制备了高浓度、大尺寸的YAG:Er单晶,其XRD结果为纯相,说明高浓度Er3+离子掺杂并未对基质晶体结构产生影响.利用吸收光谱确定晶体最强吸收峰位置位于380 nm和523 nm,并在此吸收峰激发下得到YAG:Er晶体发射光谱,其最强发射峰位于1528 nm,最后通过寿命曲线对其荧光衰减性质进行探究.     

A STUDY ON ~(10)Be IN QUARTZ FROM LOESS OF CHINA (Ⅰ)——In situ COSMOGENIC ~(10)Be AND EROSION RATES OF SOURCE REGIONS OF LOESS

In situ cosmogenic ~(10)Be in quartz from loess deposited in the last 2,000,000 a is considered to have been derived mainly from initial ~(10)Be in source regions and it bears abundant information about changes in erosion rates of source regions. As [have been estimated, the concentrations of "in situ cosmogenic ~(10)Be" in quartz from samples GL47(L1) andGL83 (L2) collected from the Luochuan loess section are 5×10~5 atom/g and 2.2×10~6 atom/g, respectively. As calculated on the basis of the above estimates, the erosion rates of the source regions are: εBeL1=1.5×10~(-3) cm/a for the L1 period (10,000—90,000 a) and εBeL2=3.8×10~(-4) cm/a for the L2 period (130,000—190,000 a). Studies of "in situ cosmogeuic ~(10)Be" in quartz from loess at deeper levels are expected to be applied to ~(10)Be dating of loess strata.     

磺化聚醚酮酮的合成和表征

研究了以硫酸为磺化剂由聚醚酮酮来合成磺化聚醚酮酮的方法，探讨了硫酸浓度、反应温度、反应时间和聚醚酮酮在硫酸中的浓度等因素对聚醚酮酮的磺化度和离子交换容量的影响，制得了磺化度为１５５ｍｍｏｌ／ｇ、离子交换容量为１５７ｍｍｏｌ／ｇ的磺化聚醚酮酮．用红外光谱表征了其结构，用Ｘ 射线进行了结晶度的分析，用ＤＳＣ进行了热分析     

PRIMARY STUDY ON BLENDS BASED ON THERMOTROPIC LIQUID CRYSTAL COPOLYESTER AND PET

The blend system composed of PET and thermotropic liquid crystal copolyester based on hydroxy benzoic acid, terephthalic acid, diacetylnaphthalene and PET was studied. The results indicated that LCP could play the role of crystal nuclei. The introduction of LCP decreased the melt viscosity of the system and fibrillous structure could be formed in favor conditions.     

采用GC-MS技术分析合成己烯-1中间产品组成

己烯-1是重要的化工原料,应用范围非常广,利用乙烯作为原料合成己烯-1是一种在国内同行业中处于领先地位的新技术。为了全面了解合成中各个环节的情况,需要对各部分的中间产品的组成进行分析,以便确定最佳的工艺参数。气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)技术集色谱的高分辨能力与质谱的高鉴定能力于一体,依据化合物的质谱碎片定性,可以不需要标准品的对比,在定性分析中具有专属性强的特点,适合于未知组分的分析。本次实验中采用GC-MS技术对合成己烯-1中间产品的各个组分进行了详细的定性分析,取得了满意的结果。     

圆形片状纳米复合材料Ag/ZnO-ZrO2微波辅助合成与多模式光催化罗丹明B

采用微波辅助结合沉淀法制备了以Zn O为主体的纳米复合材料Ag/Zn O-Zr O_2。通过X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、紫外-可见漫反射吸收光谱(UV-Vis/DRS)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和N2吸附-脱附等表征手段研究了微波辐射对Ag/Zn O-Zr O_2晶型结构、形貌及表面物理化学性质的影响。结果表明,在200 W微波辐射作用下,该样品晶型结构未发生明显变化,但Ag的衍射峰明显增强,同时,其晶粒尺寸、光吸收性质和表面物理化学性质等方面则发生改变,尤其是样品Ag/Zn O-Zr O_2的形貌呈现了圆形片状结构。分别在紫外和微波辅助条件下对纳米复合材料的光催化性能进行了一系列考察,同时为了进一步评价所合成样品在太阳光作用下的实用价值,又考察了Ag/Zn O-Zr O_2在模拟日光条件下的光催化性能。结果显示,紫外光作用下,纳米复合材料Ag/Zn O-Zr O_2的光催化活性高于市售P25以及未经微波处理的样品,且在微波辅助光催化条件下,其活性有较大程度提高。200 W微波功率下所合成样品Ag/Zn O-Zr O_2在模拟日光作用下显现出较高活性。另外,根据紫外光条件下对光催化活性物种的捕获实验提出了Ag/Zn O-Zr O_2可能的光催化机理。