Photo-Ritter Reaction of Arylmethyl Bromides in Acetonitrile

The photo-Ritter reaction of five arylmethyl bromides can occur in acetonitrile to give acetamides. The intermediates, carbocations, which are formed from subsequent electron transfer between the radical pairs generated from initial homolytic cleavage of the C–Br bond, are trapped by acetonitrile, and subsequent hydrolysis generates the corresponding acetamides.     

Remarks on Rawnsley’s $$\varvec{\varepsilon }$$ε -function on the Fock–Bargmann–Hartogs domains

In this paper, we mainly study a family of unbounded non-hyperbolic domains in $$\mathbb {C}^{n+m}$$, called Fock–Bargmann–Hartogs domains $$D_{n,m}(\mu )$$ ($$\mu >0$$) which are defined as a Hartogs type domains with the fiber over each $$z\in \mathbb {C}^{n}$$ being a ball of radius $$e^{-\frac{\mu }{2} {\Vert z\Vert }^{2}}$$. The purpose of this paper is twofold. Firstly, we obtain necessary and sufficient conditions for Rawnsley’s $$\varepsilon $$-function $$\varepsilon _{(\alpha ,g)}(\widetilde{w})$$ of $$\big (D_{n,m}(\mu ), g(\mu ;\nu )\big )$$ to be a polynomial in $$\Vert \widetilde{w}\Vert ^2$$, where $$g(\mu ;\nu )$$ is a Kähler metric associated with the Kähler potential $$\nu \mu {\Vert z\Vert }^{2} -\ln (e^{-\mu {\Vert z\Vert }^{2}}-\Vert w\Vert ^2)$$. Secondly, using above results, we study the Berezin quantization on $$D_{n,m}(\mu )$$ with the metric $$\beta g(\mu ;\nu )$$$$(\beta >0)$$.     

与鱼类洄游相关的鱼类游泳特性研究进展

对鱼类游泳特性各评价指标进行了总结,介绍了目前国内外游泳特性的研究方法,从鱼类洄游角度综述了国内外鱼类游泳特性(包括运动代谢、游泳能力和生态行为)的评价模型,从不同影响因素(流速和温度,以及溶氧水平、盐度、鱼体重、年龄和摄食水平等)的角度探讨了鱼类游泳特性,可望为鱼道设计提供参考.     

鲫鲤杂交F1幼鱼耗氧率与窒息点的测定

对鲫鲤杂交F1幼鱼的耗氧率、窒息点及其影响因素进行了测定 .结果表明 :鲫鲤杂交F1是低窒息点鱼类 ,耗氧量和耗氧率随水中氧含量的下降相应地下降 ,其最高耗氧率出现在 14 :0 0到 16 :0 0之间 ,人工养殖鲫鲤杂交F1时 ,溶氧最好能维持在 5mg/L以上 ;鲫鲤杂交F1对盐度有较强的适应能力 ,比重在 1.0 10以下 4 8h未见幼鱼死亡 ;其生长发育的适宜温度为 2 0～ 2 5℃ .     

Particulate aggregation through a modulated annular one-dimensional acoustic field at resonant frequencies

The visualization and analysis of a novel acoustic-particulate system is the objective of this study.The system is composed of rice-husk fired smoke particulate...     

Insights into Aptamer–Drug Delivery Systems against Prostate Cancer

Prostate cancer is a common cancer in elderly males. Significant progress has been made in the drug therapies for prostate cancer in recent years. However, side effects are still problems that have not been overcome by the currently used anti-prostate cancer drugs. Novel technologies can be applied to reduce or even eliminate the side effects of drugs. An aptamer may be a sequence of nucleic acids or peptides that can specifically recognize proteins or cells. Taking advantage of this feature, scientists have designed aptamer–drug delivery systems for the development of anti-prostate cancer agents. Theoretically, these aptamer–drug delivery systems can specifically recognize prostate cancer cells and then induce cell death without attacking normal cells. We collected the relevant literature in this field and found that at least nine compounds have been prepared as aptamer–drug delivery systems to evaluate their precise anti-prostate cancer effects. However, the currently studied aptamer–drug delivery systems have not yet entered the market due to defects. Here, we analyze the published data, summarize the characteristics of these delivery systems, and propose ways to promote their application, thus promoting the development of the aptamer–drug delivery systems against prostate cancer.     

Material Basis Elucidation and Quantification of Dandelion through Spectrum–Effect Relationship Study between UHPLC Fingerprint and Antioxidant Activity via Multivariate Statistical Analysis

The excessive expression of reactive oxygen species is closely connected to many diseases. Considerable studies have demonstrated dandelion as well as its ingredients exhibited antioxidant activity. However, specific material basis reflecting the antioxidant activity has not been comprehensively investigated. In this study, a spectrum–effect relationship study on dandelion between fingerprinting and antioxidant activity was analyzed in detail, while a UHPLC quantification method developed and completely validated for simultaneous determination of active ingredients in dandelion. With the establishment of dandelion fingerprints of different regions, 24 common peaks were characterized. The classic FRAP method and ABTS methods were then used to detect their antioxidant activity. Partial least squares regression analysis, bivariate correlation analysis and grey correlation method were used to accomplish the spectrum–effect relationship. Eventually, the ingredients with antioxidant activity which could be considered as candidate quality markers of dandelion were discovered through spectrum–effect relationship analysis. The six compounds including caftaric acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, chicoric acid, isochlorogenic acid A, and isochlorogenic acid C were quantitatively determined. The developed UHPLC assay method was accurate, precise, and reliable. The study has elucidated the antioxidant material basis of dandelion and provided a scientific basis for the quality control of dandelion.     

评估管道地磁暴灾害的大地构造分界面算法

大地电性结构的分界处容易加剧管道腐蚀, 穿过大地分界面的管道在分界点处受到的地磁暴致灾风险比较大, 提出一种可用于评估输油气管道的地磁暴灾害风险自评价描述的算法。改进算法的帕金森矢量在定位大地分界面时比传统算法的帕金森矢量更加准确; 在可以识别大地分界面的前提下, 改进算法的帕金森矢量方位角会在分界面附近完成±180°到0°或0°到±180°的过渡变化, 距离分界面越近, 方位角越能够反映大地分界面的倾向, 改进算法的帕金森矢量长度在分界点处达到最小值; 相邻地块电导率差值、空中电流源频率以及大地分界面与测线方向的夹角等因素会影响改进算法帕金森矢量的分布特性; 利用帕金森矢量的方位角图和长度图两个判据可以定位穿过分界面位置的管道, 相邻大地分界面之间存在虚拟界面, 需要分析排除。仿真结果表明了这些结论的正确性, 对管道防护具有重要的指导意义。     

基于近焦点非球面透镜的LED均匀照明设计

依据几何光学和非成像光学理论,提出了一种基于大尺寸近焦点非球面透镜的大功率LED均匀光源设计方法。在该方法中,首先根据选定参数的LED通过几何光学理论初步设计非球面透镜参数,然后在ZEMAX软件中对非球面透镜参数进行基于评价函数的优化,得到焦距76.79 mm、直径为200 mm的非球面透镜。将非球面透镜导入TRACEPRO软件建模并进行光线追迹仿真,根据仿真结果获得最优透镜参数进行加工和下一步实验。实验结果表明：均匀照明系统可以在60 cm处实现发散角±8.53°的均匀照明,光斑均匀性达到95.82%。     

利用电光强度调制器频移特性实现可调延迟

针对光纤通信系统中数据同步处理时对脉冲可调延迟的要求,提出了一种可调延迟器的结构设计方案。对电光强度调制器(EOIM)的光频移特性进行了研究,基于EOIM对各级边带和强度的调制作用,利用EOIM对受激布里渊散射慢光装置中的泵浦光进行强度调节,从而实现延迟量可调。建立了可调延迟的数学模型,通过实验研究分别得出了在一定微波调制功率下EOIM调制深度和直流偏置电压随脉冲延迟量的变化关系。从实验结果中可以看出：在引起失真的主要因素为零的情况下,当直流偏置电压为半波电压的1/2时,脉冲相对群延迟随调制深度的增大逐渐减小;当调制深度为1.39时,脉冲相对群延迟随直流偏置电压的增大逐渐增大,延迟量最大可达到未调制情况下的1.106倍,实现了较大范围的延迟量调节。