Dynamical behavior of a virus dynamics model with CTL immune response

In this paper, the dynamical behavior of a virus dynamics model with CTL immune response is studied. Sufficient conditions for the asymptotical stability of a disease-free equilibrium, an immune-free equilibrium and an endemic equilibrium are obtained. We prove that there exists a threshold value of the infection rate b beyond which the endemic equilibrium bifurcates from the immune-free one. Still for increasing b values, the endemic equilibrium bifurcates towards a periodic solution. We further analyze the orbital stability of the periodic orbits arising from bifurcation by applying Poore’s condition. Numerical simulation with some hypothetical sets of data has been done to support the analytical findings.     

Removal of acidic interferences in multi-pesticides residue analysis of fruits using modified magnetic nanoparticles prior to determination via ultra-HPLC-MS/MS

The authors describe magnetite (Fe₃O₄) nanoparticles modified with 3-(N,N-diethylamino) propyltrimethoxysilane (Fe₃O₄-PSA NPs) for use as a sorbent for dispersive solid phase extraction of pesticide residues. The Fe₃O₄-PSA NPs were prepared by silanizing Fe₃O₄ NPs and modifying them with 3-(N,N-diethylamino) propyltrimethoxysilane. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy, FTIR and zeta potential measurements were employed to characterize the modified NPs. They were then used as an adsorbent to remove acidic interferences (such as malic acid and succinic acid), which are major interferences in LC-MS/MS analysis in causing ion suppression in the MS spectra of pesticides. In addition, graphitized carbon black (GCB) was used as an adsorbent to eliminate interferences by pigments. The use of Fe₃O₄-PSA NPs can replace time-consuming centrifugation as used in the so-called QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe) method. This improvement is particularly significant in high-throughput analysis. Following the optimization of the quantities of Fe₃O₄-PSA NPs and GCB, the method was applied to the determination of 56 pesticides in (spiked) fruits (apple, kiwi, orange and pear) by ultra-HPLC-MS/MS. The analytical ranges typically extend from 1 to 200 ng∙mL⁻¹, and recoveries range from 60.2 to 130 % at different concentrations of all four kinds of fruits. The LOQs for the pesticides are 10 ng∙kg⁻¹, which makes the method a viable tool for pesticide monitoring in fruits.

Magnetite nanoparticles modified with 3-(N,N-diethylamino) propyltrimethoxysilane (Fe₃O₄-PSA NPs) are shown to be useful materials for removal of acidid interferents from sample matrices. Their use can replace time-consuming centrifugation as used in the traditional QuEChERS method.

     

Stability and backward bifurcation on a cholera epidemic model with saturated recovery rate

In this paper, a cholera epidemic model with saturated recovery rate is studied. Backward bifurcation leading to bistability possibly occurs, and global dynamics are shown by compound matrices and geometric approaches. Numerical simulations are presented to illustrate the results. Our results suggest that the basic reproduction number itself is not enough to describe whether cholera will prevail or not when the resources for treatment of infectives are limited and suggest that we should pay more attention to the initial state of cholera. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Γ-群的Fuzzy同余

本文介绍了Γ－群的Ｆｕｚｚｙ核正规系的概念,并通过该概念刻画了Γ－群的Ｆｕｚｚｙ同余,得出和Γ－群同余刻画相类似的结论。     

Dual redox catalysis of VN/nitrogen-doped graphene nanocomposites for high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries

Lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries are regarded as one of the promising candidates for the next-generation energy storage system owing to their high capacity and energy density.However,the durable operation for the batteries is blocked by the shuttle behavior of soluble lithium polysulfides and the sluggish kinetics in the redox process.Here,VN nanoparticles on nitrogen-doped graphene(VN/NG)composite is synthesized by simple calcining method to modify the separators,which can not only chemically trap polysulfides,but also catalyze the conversion reaction between the polysulfides and the insoluble Li2S during the charge/discharge process.The catalytic effects of VN/NG are verified by the calculated activation energy(E_a),which is smaller than the counterpart with NG toward both directions of redox.Because of the synergistic adsorption-catalysis of VN/NG,the cells with VN/NG-modified separators deliver a superior rate performance(791 mAh g^-1 at 5C)and cycling stability(863 mAh g^-1 after 300 cycles with a low decaying rate of 0.068%per loop at 1C).This work provides a simple preparation strategy and fundamental understanding of the bifunctional catalyst for high-performance Li-S batteries.     

复合材料-金属毛化接头的失效预测模型

针对复合材料与金属连接的一种新型连接形式-毛化接头,建立了其在拉伸载荷作用下的失效模式与破坏载荷的宏-细观预测模型.首先根据毛刺的分布选择合适的代表体积元,建立毛刺层单胞模型,施加周期性边界条件,通过有限元分析得到毛刺层的平均刚度参数.其次,基于累积损伤理论预测毛刺层的单胞强度,分析毛刺层的失效机理.最后,将毛刺层的等效材料参数赋予接头整体模型,预测接头的抗拉强度及失效模式.预测结果与试验值吻合良好.分析结果表明,毛化接头的承载能力和失效模式与毛刺的密度高度、搭接面积等因素密切相关,通过参数设计可获得较高的承载能力.     

非线性应力波传播理论的发展及应用

应力波传播理论是分析结构和材料在爆炸/冲击载荷作用下的响应及破坏特性的基础,在国防和民用工程上有重大价值.论文对作者们近半个世纪来在非线性应力波传播理论的发展及其工程应用方面所开展的主要研究作一回顾和讨论,包括:几类非线性应力波相互作用及失效,非线性粘弹性波传播理论及应用,动态破坏和应力波相互作用,以及应力波理论在防护工程中的应用等.     

Determination of 16 insect growth regulators in edible Chinese traditional herbs by liquid chromatography electrospray tandem mass spectrometry

A new sensitive multiresidue liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analytical method for the determination of 16 insect growth regulator (IGR) residues—RH-5849 (1,2-dibenzoyl-1-tert-butylhydrazine), halofenozide, methoxyfenozide, chromafenozide, fufenozide, tebufenozide, diflubenzuron, chlorbenzuron, triflumuron, hexaflumuron, novaluron, lufenuron, teflubenzuron, flucycloxuron, flufenoxuron, and chlorfluazuron—in herbs (Perilla frutescens, flos chrysanthemi, lily bulbs, and ginger) has been developed. After the herbs had been extracted with acetonitrile, a combined graphitized nonporous carbon/aminopropyl (ENVI-Carb/LC-NH₂) cartridge and a Florisil cartridge were used to clean up the extracts. LC-MS/MS was performed in multiple reaction monitoring mode with two specific precursor ion–product ion transitions per IGR to confirm and quantitate the residues in herbs. Quantitation was performed on the basis of matrix-matched calibrations. The method showed excellent linearity (r ² > 0.99) and precision (relative standard deviations of 13.6 or lower) for all the target insecticides. The limits of quantitation were 0.6-10 μg kg^-1 for the 16 insecticides in the four herbs. The average recoveries, measured at three concentrations (0.01, 0.1, 1 mg kg^-1), were in the range 74.8-105.3%. The method was satisfactorily applied for the analysis of 60 herb samples (Perilla frutescens, flos chrysanthemi, lily bulbs, and ginger). Hexaflumuron was detected at concentrations of 0.029 and 0.051 mg kg^-1 in Perilla frutescens.     

超临界正己烷甲醇溶液体系的 Monte Carlo 模拟──浓度对溶液构型影响的考察

用ＭｏｎｔｅＣａｒｌｏ分子模拟方法对正己烷－甲醇溶液体系处于临界状态时微观结构随浓度变化的情况进行了研究。模拟采用随机边界条件，得到了不同浓度条件下体系各基团的径向分布函数。结果表明，在溶液临界状态，正己烷分子有较强的聚集行为，随着溶液中甲醇浓度的变大，正己烷分子的聚集程度逐渐下降；甲醇分子周围正己烷分子的分布有一个最佳的浓度范围，在甲醇浓度为２２．５％时，配位数达到最大；超临界正己烷－甲醇溶液中甲醇分子的作用在不同浓度条件下具有不同的特点，当甲醇浓度较低时，甲醇分子之间有氢键的作用，随着甲醇浓度的提高，甲醇分子之间氢键的作用变得越来越弱，而且分子的取向变得越来越无序。