Synthesis,characterization and anticorrosive effect of 2-(phenoxy methyl)-5-phenyl-1, 3, 4-oxadiazole for mild steel in 1 M HCl: A combined experimental and computational demonstrations

Synthesis of 2-(phenoxymethyl)-5-phenyl-1, 3, 4-oxadiazole (2POM5PO) and corrosive inhibitive properties studied via weight loss (W.L.) measurement, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, potentiodynamic polarisation measurements. Scanning Electron Microscope attached with Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopic methods were performed to notice morphological changes. These data were observed at a diversified dosage and temperatures the compound for 12 h s immersion of M.S. sheets in 1 M HCl electrolyte through W.L. measurements, furthermore inferred that the inhibition efficiency expanded with slow augmentations in the dosage of each moiety. The maximum inhibitory efficiency was determined which is 88.41% at 300 ppm and 298 K. E.I.S. studies demonstrated that charge transfer resistance increased on concentration increment, confirming each molecule's prohibitive attitude. Potentiodynamic polarisation plots revealed that the compounds displayed mixed type behavior. The Langmuir adsorption model was suited best, proving moiety act as a good corrosion controlling compound in 1 M Hydrochloric acid media. Computational study shows a good correlation with experimental results.     

Transition metal free large-scale synthesis of aromatic vinyl chlorides from aromatic vinyl carboxylic acids using bleach

While continuing our research on Hunsdiecker reaction, we came across an interesting application of bleach, sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) for decarboxylative chlorination reaction. The reaction is easily scaled up to 10?mmol. The reaction has good tolerance towards wide variety of functional groups. The reaction has mild conditions and gave relatively high chemical yield of the desired product.     

Rapid and Sensitive LC–MS–MS Method for the Simultaneous Estimation of Alfuzosin and Dutasteride in Human Plasma

A simple, rapid, specific and sensitive liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometric method has been developed and validated for the simultaneous estimation of alfuzosin and dutasteride in human plasma. Both alfuzosin and dutasteride were extracted from human plasma by solid-phase extraction using terazosin and finasteride as the internal standards for alfuzosin and dutasteride, respectively. Chromatographic separation of analytes and their respective internal standards was carried out using a Hypurity C18 (50 × 4.6 mm i.d., 5 μm particle size) column followed by detection using an applied biosystems API 5000 mass spectrometer with a UPLC as the front end. The method involves a rapid solid phase extraction from plasma, simple isocratic chromatographic conditions and mass spectrometric detection in the positive ionization mode using multiple reactions monitoring that enables detection down to low nanogram levels with a total run time of 2.5 min only. The method was validated over a range of 0.25–20.0 ng mL^?1 for alfuzosin and 0.1–10.0 ng mL^?1 for dutasteride. The absolute recoveries for alfuzosin (65.57%), dutasteride (103.82%), terazosin (69.38%) and finasteride (102.25%) achieved from spiked plasma samples were consistent and reproducible. Acceptable precision and accuracy were obtained for concentrations over the standard curve ranges. Due to the short run time of 2.5 min it was possible to analyze a throughput of more than 180 human plasma samples per day. The validated method can be successfully used to analyze human plasma samples for application in pharmacokinetic, bioavailabilty or bioequivalence studies. As an example the application of this validated method to a bioequivalence study is also illustrated.     

Pd/C-Cu in coupling-cyclization process: a general synthesis of 2-substituted 6-oxopyrrolo[3,2,1-ij]quinoline derivatives

A general and practical synthesis of 2-substituted 6-oxopyrrolo[3,2,1-ij]quinolines has been achieved following a single-step Pd/C-mediated coupling-cyclization strategy. The methodology involves the reaction of 8-iodo-4-oxo-1,4-dihydro quinoline-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester with a variety of terminal alkynes in the presence of 10% Pd/C-PPh₃-CuI as a catalyst system in EtOH. The reaction mechanism and utility of the methodology have been discussed.     

Energy levels, oscillator strengths and lifetimes in Ar V

We have calculated the excitation energies, oscillator strengths and transition probabilities for electric-dipole-allowed and intercombination transitions among the 46 LS levels belonging to the configurations 3s ²3p ², 3s3p ³, 3s ²3p3d, 3p ⁴, 3s ²3p4s, 3s ²3p4p, 3s3p ²(² S)4s, 3s3p ²(² P)4s, 3s3p ²(⁴ P)4s, 3s3p ²(² D)4s, 3s ²3p4d and 3s ²3p4f of Si-like Argon. These states are represented by extensive Configuration-Interaction (CI) wavefunctions obtained using the CIV3 computer code of Hibbert. From our transition probabilities we have also calculated the radiative lifetimes of singlet and triplet states of Ar V. Our results are compared with other available theoretical calculations and experimental data. To assess the importance of relativistic effects on our calculated values, we have also carried out calculations in the intermediate-coupling scheme using the Breit-Pauli Hamiltonian. Small adjustments to the diagonal elements of the Hamiltonian matrices have been made so that the energy splittings are as close as possible to the experimentally compiled energy values of the National Institute for standards and Technology (NIST). The energy splitting of 85 fine-structure levels, the oscillator strengths and transition probabilities for electric-dipole-allowed and intercombination transitions and the lifetimes of some fine-structure levels are presented and compared with available experimental and other theoretical values. In this calculation, we also predict new data for several fine-structure levels where no other theoretical and experimental results are available.     

Effect of magnetic field on a multi window ladder type electromagnetically induced transparency with 87Rb atoms in vapour cell

In this work, we experimentally study the effect of externally applied magnetic field on a ladder type EIT in a vapour cell consisting of ⁸⁷Rb atoms. The introduction of magnetic field causes the Zeeman splitting of the hyperfine levels of ⁸⁷Rb atoms and hence the number of available windows of transparency increases. We report the observation of nine such windows. Such multi window EIT systems are capable of storing pulses at the different frequencies, corresponding to these windows hence paving the way for realization of multi frequency quantum memories. Also, the total bandwidth of storage is 218.4 MHz which is two orders of magnitude higher than that typically obtained in single window EIT based storage systems. These systems have tremendous applications in the field of speedy transmission of data over a long distance quantum communication channel.     

Production of Microbial Surfactants from Oily Sludge-Contaminated Soil by Bacillus subtilis DSVP23

The indigenous microbial community utilizing aliphatic, aromatic, and polar components from the oily sludge as sole source of carbon and energy was selected from the soil samples of Ankleshwar, India for biosurfactant production. Evaluation of biosurfactant production was done using screening assays such as surface tension reduction, hemolytic activity, emulsification activity, drop-collapse assay, and cell surface hydrophobicity studies. Maximum biosurfactant (6.9?g/l) production was achieved after 5?days of growth from Bacillus subtilis DSVP23 which was identified by 16S RNA technique (NCBI GenBank accession no. EU679368). Composition of biosurfactant showed it to be lipopeptide in nature with 15.2% protein content and 18.0% lipid content. Functional group analysis was also done by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy which showed it to be a protein-bound lipid thereby imparting them special properties. Analysis by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometric and nuclear magnetic resonance revealed that the major constituents of lipopeptide are leucine and isoleucine. Gas chromatographic analysis data indicated that oily sludge components of chain length C₁₂?CC₃₀ and aromatic hydrocarbons were degraded effectively by B. subtilis DSVP23 after 5?days of incubation. These results collectively points toward the importance of B. subtilis DSVP23 as a potential candidate for bioremediation studies.