Comparison Theorems on Convex Hypersurfaces in Hadamard Manifolds

In a Hadamard manifold with sectional curvaturebounded from below by –k ₂ ², we give sharp upper estimates for the difference circumradius minus inradiusof a compact k ₂-convex domain, and we getalso estimates for the quotient (Total d-mean curvature)/Area of a convex domain.     

Ship-in-a-bottle synthesis of triphenylamine inside faujasite supercages and generation of the triphenylamminium radical ion

The ship-in-a-bottle synthesis of triphenylamine encapsulated within basic X zeolite has been accomplished by reacting sodium diphenylamide with bromobenzene in the presence of a bifunctional palladium (Hartwig-Buchwald conditions). The presence of incarcerated triphenylamine was demonstrated by dissolving the zeolite with concentrated HF and analyzing the organic material in the dichloromethane extract. Laser flash photolysis (266 nm) gives rise to the generation of triphenylamminium radical cation detected as a transient species decaying in hundreds of microseconds. Upon repetitive cyclic voltammograms, zeolite encapsulated triphenylamine shows a reversible oxidation-reduction process. In contrast, in solution triphenylamine undergoes irreversible oxidation with the formation of coupling dimers.     

The thermal spreading of antimony oxides onto Fe2O3

The uniform antimony-rich surface layer on Fe₂O₃ was carried out via thermal spreading of Sb₂O₃ and Sb₂O₄. TG–DTA results indicate that the oxidation temperature of Sb₂O₃ was decreased ca. 100 K due to thermal spreading effect. Although Sb₂O₄ is almost catalytically inert for oxidation of isobutane and Fe₂O₃ is a typical non-selective catalyst for this reaction, the formation of antimony-rich layer suppresses the combustion reactions and favors the partial oxidation reactions. When Sb₂O₄ instead of Sb₂O₃ was used as antimony resource, the enrichment of antimony on Fe₂O₃ surface was much lower. However, the reaction atmosphere of isobutane oxidation enhances antimony spreading over Fe₂O₃ surface. According to Mars–Van Krevelen mechanism, some Sb₂O₄ in catalysts could be intermediately reduced into Sb₂O₃ during reaction of isobutene oxidation, which thermal spreading is much easier. As shown by Raman results, the Sb₂O₄ that has been spread on Fe₂O₃ surface is probably amorphous.     

Molecular organization of discotic mesogenic cis-dichlorobis(3,4,5-trialkoxyphenylisonitrile)platinum (II) complexes on Langmuir and Langmuir–Blodgett films

Langmuir and Langmuir–Blodgett films of a new class of square planar metallomesogens, the cis-dichlorobis(3,4,5-trialkoxyphenylisonitrile)platinum (II) complexes (PtC_n), have been prepared.

The structure and the stability of the floating monolayers of these discotic complexes have been investigated by means of compression isotherms, surface potential measurements and Brewster angle microscopy (BAM). A certain influence of the peripheral substituents on the properties of the Langmuir films are observed. It is shown that the hexoxy derivative (PtC₆), which shows mesogenic behavior at room temperature, has a more marked tendency to self-organization in ordered multilayers than the butoxy complex (PtC₄) which is not liquid crystalline at room temperature.

The structural properties of films, transferred at different pressures, have been studied by AFM and UV–VIS, FT-IR transmission and reflection–absorption infrared spectroscopy (RAIRS). The transfer of the monolayers onto solid substrates leads to Langmuir–Blodgett films in which face-on orientation is found for the molecule cores. The organization of the aliphatic chains depends on the pressure at which the monolayers are transferred.