Cross-intersecting families of permutations

For positive integers r and n with r?n, let Pr,n be the family of all sets {(1,y₁),(2,y₂),…,(r,yr)} such that y₁,y₂,…,yr are distinct elements of [n]={1,2,…,n}. Pn,n describes permutations of [n]. For r<n, Pr,n describes permutations of r-element subsets of [n]. Families A₁,A₂,…,Ak of sets are said to be cross-intersecting if, for any distinct i and j in [k], any set in Ai intersects any set in Aj. For any r, n and k?2, we determine the cases in which the sum of sizes of cross-intersecting sub-families A₁,A₂,…,Ak of Pr,n is a maximum, hence solving a recent conjecture (suggested by the author).     

Adsorption of methanol and methoxy on NiAl(1 1 0) and Ni3Al(1 1 1): A DFT study

The adsorption of methanol and methoxy on NiAl(1 1 0) and Ni₃Al(1 1 1) has been investigated using density functional theory (DFT). Optimised adsorption geometries and core level shifts are presented. On both surfaces we find that methanol binds to the Al on-top site via its oxygen atom and with the C–O axis tilted away from the surface normal. Methoxy also shows a preference for Al-dominated sites. On NiAl(1 1 0), we predict that methoxy adsorbs with its oxygen atom in the Al–Al bridge site, while it is determined to be adsorbed with its oxygen atom in a 2Ni + Al hollow site on Ni₃Al(1 1 1), closer to Al than Ni. Surface and adsorbate induced binding energy shifts in the Al 2p states are calculated and found to be in good agreement with experimental high resolution photoelectron spectroscopy results.     

Adsorption of methanol on Ni3Al(1 1 1) and NiAl(1 1 0): A high resolution PES study

The adsorption of methanol on Ni₃Al(1 1 1) and NiAl(1 1 0) has been studied using high resolution photoemission spectroscopy (HR-PES) and density functional theory (DFT). Both methanol and methoxy are formed on these surfaces after the initial methanol exposure at low temperatures. Heating to 200 K leads to further formation of methoxy. On NiAl(1 1 0) two different methoxy species are observed where the first is formed upon methanol adsorption, and the other results from methanol decomposition during heating. The DFT calculations show that methanol and methoxy interacts with the Al atoms on both surfaces. Methanol is found to bond through the oxygen atom to the Al on-top site on Ni₃Al(1 1 1) and NiAl(1 1 0) with the C–O axis tilted with respect to the surface normal. On Ni₃Al(1 1 1) methoxy is situated in a 2Ni+Al hollow site, whereas on NiAl(1 1 0) the Al–Al bridge site is preferred.     

Phosphors?ure

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Word and Face Recognition Processing Based on Response Times and Ex-Gaussian Components

The face is a fundamental feature of our identity. In humans, the existence of specialized processing modules for faces is now widely accepted. However, identifying the processes involved for proper names is more problematic. The aim of the present study is to examine which of the two treatments is produced earlier and whether the social abilities are influent. We selected 100 university students divided into two groups: Spanish and USA students. They had to recognize famous faces or names by using a masked priming task. An analysis of variance about the reaction times (RT) was used to determine whether significant differences could be observed in word or face recognition and between the Spanish or USA group. Additionally, and to examine the role of outliers, the Gaussian distribution has been modified exponentially. Famous faces were recognized faster than names, and differences were observed between Spanish and North American participants, but not for unknown distracting faces. The current results suggest that response times to face processing might be faster than name recognition, which supports the idea of differences in processing nature.     

Strain gradient crystal plasticity effects on flow localization

In metal grains one of the most important failure mechanisms involves shear band localization. As the band width is small, the deformations are affected by material length scales. To study localization in single grains a rate-dependent crystal plasticity formulation for finite strains is presented for metals described by the reformulated Fleck–Hutchinson strain gradient plasticity theory. The theory is implemented numerically within a finite element framework using slip rate increments and displacement increments as state variables. The formulation reduces to the classical crystal plasticity theory in the absence of strain gradients. The model is used to study the effect of an internal material length scale on the localization of plastic flow in shear bands in a single crystal under plane strain tension. It is shown that the mesh sensitivity is removed when using the nonlocal material model considered. Furthermore, it is illustrated how different hardening functions affect the formation of shear bands.     

Lambda polarization in the reaction K−p → Λ + anything at 14.3 GeV/c

New results on inclusive lambda polarization in K^?p interactions at 14.3 GeV/c are presented. At the kaon fragmentation vertex, the polarization is compared to that from inclusive experiments at lower momenta and to that from two-body reactions with a Λ. As predicted by the triple-Regge model with N_α (or N_γ) exchange, the polarization is found to be independent of s and M_X²/s. In particular it has the same value as that found in the two-body reactions.     

The expression and role of protein kinase C in neonatal cardiac myocyte attachment, cell volume, and myofibril formation is dependent on the composition of the extracellular matrix.

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a dynamic component of tissues that influences cellular phenotype and behavior. We sought to determine the role of specific ECM substrates in the regulation of protein kinase C (PKC) isozyme expression and function in cardiac myocyte attachment, cell volume, and myofibril formation. PKC isozyme expression was ECM substrate specific. Increasing concentrations of the PKC delta inhibitor rottlerin attenuated myocyte attachment to randomly organized collagen (1, 5, and 10 microM), laminin (5 and 10 microM), aligned collagen (5 and 10 microM), and fibronectin (10 microM). Rottlerin significantly decreased cell volume on laminin and randomly organized collagen, and inhibited myofibril formation on laminin. The PKC alpha inhibitor G? 6976 inhibited attachment to randomly organized collagen at 6 nM but did not affect cell volume. The general PKC inhibitor Bisindolylmalemide I (10 and 30 microM) did not affect myocyte attachment; however, it significantly decreased cell volume on randomly organized collagen. Our data indicate that PKC isozymes are expressed and utilized by neonatal cardiac myocytes during attachment, cell growth, and myofibril formation. Specifically, it appears that PKC delta and/or its downstream effectors play an important role in the interaction between cardiac myocytes and laminin, providing further evidence that the ECM influences cardiac myocyte behavior.     

Normal Auger spectra of Br in alkali bromide molecules

Molecular Auger electron spectra following the bromine 3d ionization in gas-phase alkali bromides and in HBr were studied both experimentally and theoretically. The AES for HBr and CsBr were measured using photoexcitation, and for LiBr, NaBr, and KBr by using electron impact. These results are compared with the theoretical spectra from nonrelativistic ab initio calculations and one-center approximation and with the spectra of Br(-), computed with the multiconfiguration Dirac-Fock method.