Parton Distribution Functions from QCD Analysis of HERA Combined Inclusive e ± p Scattering Cross Section Data

Utilizing very recent deep inelastic scattering measurements, a QCD analysis of proton structure function ${F_{2}^{p} (x,Q^2)}$ is presented. A wide range of the inclusive neutral-current deep-inelastic-scattering (NC DIS) data used in order to extract an updated set of parton distribution functions (PDFs). The HERA ‘combined’ data set on ${\sigma_{r,NC}^\pm (x,Q^2)}$ together with all available published data for heavy quarks ${F_2^{c,b}(x,Q^2)}$ , longitudinal F _L (x, Q ²) and also very recent reduced DIS cross section ${\sigma_{r,NC}^\pm (x,Q^2)}$ data from HERA experiments are the input in the present next-to-leading order (NLO) QCD analysis which determines a new set of parton distributions, called ${{\tt KKT11C}}$ . The extracted PDFs in the ‘fixed flavour number scheme’ (FFNS) are in very good agreement with the available theoretical models.     

Partial pole placement in structures by the method of receptances: Theory and experiments

The theory and practical application of the receptance method for vibration suppression in structures by multi-input partial pole placement is described. Numerous advantages of the receptance method over conventional matrix methods such as state-space control based on finite elements have been demonstrated, in particular there is no need to know or to evaluate the structural matrices M, C, K and in practical experimentation the measurement of ‘receptance’ may be generalised so that explicit modelling of actuator dynamics becomes unnecessary. Active vibration control is demonstrated experimentally using two test rigs. In the first set of experiments partial pole placement is applied to a lightweight glass-fibre beam using macro fibre composite (MFC) actuators and sensors. In the second set of experiments active vibration control is implemented on a heavy modular test structure representative of systems of differing dynamic complexity using electromagnetic actuators and piezoelectric (ICP) accelerometers. It is demonstrated that chosen poles may be assigned to predetermined values without affecting the position of other poles of interest.     

Nucleon/nuclei polarized structure function,using Jacobi polynomials expansion

We use the constituent quark model to extract polarized parton distributions and finally polarized nucleon structure function.Due to limited experimental data which do not cover whole(x,Q2)plane and to increase the reliability of the fitting,we employ the Jacobi orthogonal polynomials expansion.It will be possible to extract the polarized structure functions for Helium,using the convolution of the nucleon polarized structure functions with the light cone moment distribution.The results are in good agreement with available experimental data and some theoretical models.     

Synthesis of benzo[f]isoindole-4,9-diones

A synthesis of benzo[f]isoindole-4,9-diones 1 is presented starting from the reaction of 2,3-bis(bromomethyl)-1,4-dimethoxynaphthalene 15 with primary amines affording 2,3-bis(aminomethyl)-1,4-dimethoxynaphthalenes 14, which could be converted by CAN-mediated oxidation in one step to benzo[f]isoindole-4,9-diones 1. An alternative synthesis of benzo[f]isoindole-4,9-diones 1 starts from 2,3-bis(bromomethyl)-1,4-naphthoquinone 9 via 2,3-dihydrobenzo[f]isoindoles 10 which spontaneously oxidize.     

Complexes of Co (II) and Cu (II) with nonsteroidal anticancer drug Letrozole and their interaction with DNA and BSA by spectroscopic methods and cytotoxic activity

DNA and BSA binding properties of mononuclear Co (II) and Cu (II) complexes containing letrozole [M(Le)₄Cl₂]·(H2O)](Le=[4,4-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethylene)bisbenzonitrile] have been investigated under physiological conditions. The interaction ability of the two complexes with native calf thymus DNA(CT-DNA) has been monitored as a function of the metal complex-DNA molar ratio by UV–Vis absorption spectrophotometry, fluorescence spectroscopy, circular dichroism(CD) and thermal denaturation studies. The intrinsic binding constants, K_b, of complexes 1 and 2 with CT-DNA, obtained from UV–Vis absorption studies, were 3.15 ± 0.02 × 10⁴ and 4.37 ± 0.02 × 10⁴ M^?1, respectively. The addition of the complexes to CT-DNA (1:2) leads to an increase in the melting temperature of DNA up to around 4 °C, which has revealed that complexes could interact with DNA through intercalation mode. Fluorimetric studies have been performed using methylene blue (MB) as a fluorescence probe and competitive studies have shown the ability of the complexes to displace the DNA-bound MB, suggesting competition with MB. To explore the potential biological value of the complexes, the binding interaction between Co (II) and Cu (II) complexes and bovine serum albumin (BSA) has also been studied by fluorescence spectroscopy. The results indicate that the reaction between the complexes and BSA is a static quenching procedure. The site marker displacement experiment has suggested the location of the complexes binding to BSA at Sudlow’s site I in subdomain IIA. Finally, MTT assay studies have shown that the bioactive complexes exert significantly high selective dose-dependent cytotoxicity against a panel of cancer cell lines including MCF-7, JURKAT, SKOV3 and U87.     

The study of dehumidifying of carbon monoxide and ammonia adsorption by Iranian natural clinoptilolite zeolite

The natural zeolite (clinoptilolite type) was obtained from the Neibagh region of Mianeh, the city in the west of Iran. The raw zeolite was tested for quality and quantity measurements including surface area and volumetric characteristics as well as thermogravimetry analysis. The acid activation process was used to increase the adsorption rate of zeolite and in order to obtain the optimum conditions: the effect of acid concentration, reaction time and the temperature were studied. A surface area measurement test was performed in each stage to get the best results. Thus, efficient condition was selected according to the produced highest surface area. The reaction was first obtained with hydrochloric acid, and then a comparison was made using the sulfuric acid. The hydrochloric reaction proved to be better. The result of activation was 2.5 times the increase in the surface area in relation to the raw sample. The result of elemental analysis conducted once again on the activated sample showed an increase in the ratio of Si/Al (approximately 0.6). Then, using CO, NH₃ and steam, the gas adsorption capacity of both the raw and activated samples was measured and compared. Since CO was not adsorbed at ambient temperature, but steam was adsorbed relatively well, the natural clinoptilolite zeolite of Iran was suggested as a suitable material for adsorbing humidity form carbon monoxide as well as synthesis gas (H₂ and CO mixture).     

Energy harvesting using semi-active control

This paper presents the application of semi-active control for optimising the power harvested by an electro-mechanical energy harvester. A time-periodic damper, defined by a Fourier series, is introduced for energy harvesting in order to increase the performance of the device. An analytical solution for the transmissibility and the average absorbed power is derived based on the method of harmonic balance. The coefficients of the semi-active model are optimised to maximise the harvested power. The harvested power from the optimum periodic time-varying damper at a particular frequency is compared and is shown to be greater than that from an optimum passive damper and a semi-active on–off damper not only at that particular frequency but also at other frequencies. In addition, the performance of the optimised periodic time-varying damper is also compared with an arbitrary semi-active time-periodic damper, which has the same transmissibility at resonance. An optimisation is carried out to maximise the power in a frequency range and the optimum damper is derived as a function of the excitation frequency. The numerical results are validated with the analytical approach.     

Nucleon/nuclei polarized structure function,using Jacobi polynomials expansion

We use the constituent quark model to extract polarized parton distributions and finally polarized nucleon structure function.Due to limited experimental data which do not cover whole （x,Q 2 ） plane and to increase the reliability of the fitting,we employ the Jacobi orthogonal polynomials expansion.It will be possible to extract the polarized structure functions for Helium,using the convolution of the nucleon polarized structure functions with the light cone moment distribution.The results are in good agreement with available experimental data and some theoretical models.