Generation of the line radiation of argon added to DT gas in Iskra-5 experiments

The first experiments measuring the density of a compressed deuterium and tritium mixture in microtargets of indirect irradiation (x-ray targets) were performed at the Iskra-5 facility. The density was determined according to the broadening of the lines of hydrogen-and helium-like argon added to the DT gas as a diagnostics material. A series of three experiments was performed with x-ray targets in which the central capsule filled with a DT + Ar mixture over a range of shell thicknesses. In two of the experiments, argon emission spectra were recorded and the density of the compressed gas was determined. For a microtarget approximately 280 μm in diameter with a wall approximately 7 μm thick, an analysis of the experimental results yielded an estimated density in the compressed gas of ∼1 g/cm³. Gas-dynamic calculations using the SNDA (spectral nonequilibrium diffusion with absorption) program show that argon emission takes place just after reaching maximum temperature, but much sooner than maximum compression. The results of a calculation for an experiment with low relative Ar concentration are in overall agreement with the experimental data. Additional investigations are needed to interpret experiments at a relatively high concentration. Zh. éksp. Teor. Fiz. 114, 837–848 (September 1998)     

Comparative characteristics of the electronic structures of perimidine and naphthimidazoles within the framework of the CNDO-2 (complete neglect of differential overlap) method

The 1H-naphth[1,2-d]imidazole, 3H-naphth[1,2-d]imidazole, and 1H-naphth[2,3-d]-imidazole molecules were calculated by the CNDO-2 method. The dipole moments of N-methyl derivatives of perimidine and linear naphthimidazole were measured. The -donor character of N-methyl derivatives of perimidine and naphthimidazoles with respect to 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene was also measured. The study showed that the CNDO-2 method, except for individual details associated with the distribution of the electrons, leads to the same conclusions relative to the overall pattern of the effective charges on the atoms in the perimidine and naphthimidazole molecules as the -approximation methods.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 692–695, May, 1979.     

A mathematical model of market competition

We consider a mathematical model of decision making by a company attempting to win a market share. We assume that the company releases its products to the market under the competitive conditions that another company is making similar products. Both companies can vary the kinds of their products on the market as well as the prices in accordance with consumer preferences. Each company aims to maximize its profit. A mathematical statement of the decision-making problem for the market players is a bilevel mathematical programming problem that reduces to a competitive facility location problem. As regards the latter, we propose a method for finding an upper bound for the optimal value of the objective function and an algorithm for constructing an approximate solution. The algorithm amounts to local ascent search in a neighborhood of a particular form, which starts with an initial approximate solution obtained simultaneously with an upper bound. We give a computational example of the problem under study which demonstrates the output of the algorithm.     

Spectral Analysis of Universal Conductance Fluctuations

Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics - Universal conductance fluctuations are usually observed in the form of aperiodic oscillations in the magnetoresistance of thin wires under...     

Oxidative conversion of cyclohexane in discharge plasma maintained with different high-voltage power sources

The influence of the pulse parameters of supply voltage in a barrier discharge reactor on the yield of incomplete oxidation of cyclohexane was studied. It was shown that the voltage pulse parameters have an insignificant effect on both the product composition of cyclohexane oxidation and on selectivity for the products cyclohexanone (40.8%), cyclohexanol (49.5%), and water (9.7%). The lowest power consumption for the conversion of cyclohexane was achieved with the use of a sine wave generator operating at a frequency of 50 Hz (3.0 kWh kg^?1) and a harmonic generator with a pulse duration of 15.3 μs and a pulse repetition frequency of 980 Hz (3.5 kWh kg^?1). The space mode of barrier discharge was realized with the use of a generator of microsecond (53 μs) alternating voltage pulses.     

Lithium intercalation into TiS<Subscript>2</Subscript> cathode material: phase equilibria in a Li–TiS<Subscript>2</Subscript> system

Lithium-intercalated titanium disulfide Li _x TiS₂ had been extensively studied as prototypical cathode material for high-energy-density reversible lithium batteries with moderate voltage. Today, this phase is one of the leading candidates for all-solid-state lithium batteries with durable high energy and high rate performance. However, fundamental knowledge of Li⁺ insertion into TiS₂ is still incomplete; available information on the phase diagram of the Li–TiS₂ system is limited by x?=?1 due to difficulties in preparing lithium-rich equilibrated samples. The goals of this work were to re-examine Li _x TiS₂ single phase boundaries and to clarify the existence of lithium-rich intercalates with x?>?1. А new preparation technique was developed to obtain 1T-Li _x TiS₂ samples as good-quality equilibrated products with desirable lithium content. Phase equilibria in a quasibinary Li–TiS₂ system were studied by X-ray diffraction, emf measurements (25 °C) and thermal analysis (25–350 °C) over a wide range of Li:Ti ratios (0 to 4).     

High orders of perturbation theory. Are renormalons significant?

According to Lipatov [Sov. Phys. JETP 45, 216 (1977)], the high orders of perturbation theory are determined by saddle-point configurations, i.e., instantons, which correspond to functional integrals. According to another opinion, the contributions of individual large diagrams, i.e., renormalons, which, according to t’Hooft [The Whys of Subnuclear Physics: Proceedings of the 1977 International School of Subnuclear Physics (Erice, Trapani, Sicily, 1977), A. Zichichi (Ed.), Plenum Press, New York (1979)], are not contained in the Lipatov contribution, are also significant. The history of the conception of renormalons is presented, and the arguments in favor of and against their existence are discussed. The analytic properties of the Borel transforms of functional integrals, Green’s functions, vertex parts, and scaling functions are investigated in the case of ϕ ⁴ theory. Their analyticity in a complex plane with a cut from the first instanton singularity to infinity (the Le Guillou-Zinn-Justin hypothesis [Phys. Rev. Lett. 39, 95 (1977); Phys. Rev. B 21, 3976 (1980)] is proved. It rules out the existence of the renormalon singularities pointed out by t’Hooft and demonstrates the nonconstructiveness of the conception of renormalons as a whole. The results can be interpreted as an indication of the internal consistency of ϕ ⁴ theory. Zh. éksp. Teor. Fiz. 116, 369–389 (August 1999)     

Analysis of the Operation of Thermonuclear Inverted-Corona Targets with an Ultrathin Working Layer at the Iskra-5 Laser Facility

Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics - We report on the results of experiments performed on the Iskra-5 laser facility for studying the effect of the polydeuteroethylene (CD2)n working...     

Search for De-excitation of the 186mRe and 110mAg Nuclear Isomers in Plasma of High-Power Picosecond Laser Pulse

Physics of Atomic Nuclei - The possibility of observing the stimulated de-excitation of nuclear isomers (SDENI) in plasma (plasma lifetime ∼1.5 ps, temperature of electrons ∼ 10 keV)...     

Effect of supercritical CO2 on extremophile cells

The kinetics of inactivation of E. coli and D. radiodurance bacteria and Candida albicans imperfect fungi in compressed gaseous and supercritical carbon dioxide was studied. The possibility of decreasing the concentration of survived cells by 5 to 7 orders of magnitude was demonstrated.