Effect of Cetylpyridinium chloride on the electron transfer reactions of acetophenones with Ce(IV)

The kinetics of electron transfer reactions between acetophenones with Ce(IV) have been studied in aqueous acetic acid medium in the presence of cationic micelle Cetylpyridinium chloride (CPyCl) at different temperatures. Kinetic data reveal first-order dependence with respect to each of Ce(IV) and acetophenones. The cationic micelle, Cetylpyridinium chloride enhances the oxidation reactions. The catalysis fits to a model developed by Menger and Portnoy as well as Berezin's phase separation model. The binding and partition constants and the transfer free energy from water to micelle have been estimated and discussed, suggesting that the solubilization of both the reactants in the micellar phase, facilitates the oxidation. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Quantum random walks and their convergence to Evans-Hudson flows

Using coordinate-free basic operators on toy Fock spaces, quantum random walks are defined following the ideas of Attal and Pautrat. Extending the result for one dimensional noise, strong convergence of quantum random walks associated with bounded structure maps to Evans-Hudson flow is proved under suitable assumptions. Starting from the bounded generator of a given uniformly continuous quantum dynamical semigroup on a von Neumann algebra, we have constructed quantum random walks which converges strongly and the strong limit gives an Evans-Hudson dilation for the semigroup.     

Closed convex hull of multivalent symmetric close-to-convex functions of order β with the Montel normalization

We obtain a one-to-one tranformation of the family of multivalent symmetric close-to-convex functions of order β, onto the family of multivalent symmetric close-to-convex functions of order β with the Montel normalization. Using this transformation we determine the closed convex hull and extreme points of the latter class for β≥1.     

Approximation of fixed points of uniformly R-subweakly commuting mappings

We introduce a new class of uniformly R-subweakly commuting mappings and then using this class study the problem of approximation of common fixed points of asymptotically S-nonexpansive mappings in a Banach space with uniformly Gâteaux differentiable norm.     

Baryon flow at SIS energies and beyond

We calculate the baryon flow P_x/A(y) in the energy range from 0.25 to 4.0A GeV in a relativistic transport model for Ni + Ni and Au + Au collisions employing various models for the baryon self-energies. We find that to describe the flow data of the FOPI Collaboration above 1A GeV the strength of the vector potential has to be reduced at high relative momentum or at high density. The latter phenomenon leads to a softening of the nuclear equation of state at high density.     

Novel approach for single-ended operation of a cladding-pumped fibre laser

We report on the periodic polarization of α-phase proton- exchanged LiNbO₃ planar waveguides down to 5 μm period lengths using structured electrodes and electrical fields. Unlike a majority of previous work, room-temperature electric field poling has been carried out after waveguide fabrication. Chemical etching of the large guiding surface has revealed homogeneous and high-quality domains with duty cycles close to 0.5. Moreover, it was verified by diffraction techniques and etching that the domain structure is preserved more than 2 μm along the thickness of the waveguide. The excellent optical performances of single-domain α-phase waveguides were not affected by the periodic poling.     

Measurements of elastic scattering for 7Be, 7Li + 9Be systems and fusion cross sections for 7Li + 9Be system

Elastic scattering angular distributions have been measured for ⁷Be + ⁹Be system at E_lab = 17, 19 and 21 MeV in the angular range θ_cm=26^○–58°, and for ⁷Li + ⁹Be system at E_lab= 15.75, 24 and 30 MeV. An optical model (OM) analysis of these data have been carried out. For the ⁷Li + ⁹Be system fusion cross sections were obtained at E_lab = 15.75, 24 and 30 MeV by measuring the α-evaporation spectra from the compound nucleus at backward angles. The measured α-evaporation spectra were reproduced by the statistical model calculations and fusion cross sections were extracted therefrom. The ratios of the experimental fusion cross sections to the total reaction cross sections (obtained form OM analysis) were found to be rather small. This result suggests that break-up process has a strong influence on fusion process leading to a reduction in fusion cross section.     

High-energy in-fiber pulse amplification for coherent lidar applications

An Er:Yb codoped fiber amplifier chain for the generation of pulses for coherent lidar applications at a wavelength near 1.5 microm is reported. The final 1.8-m-long power amplification stage had a 50-microm core diameter and yielded a 23-dB energy gain, resulting in 0.29-mJ, 100-ns pulses at a repetition rate of 4 kHz with no Brillouin scattering and an M2 of 2.1.     

Enantioselective total synthesis of valeriananoids A-C

[reaction: see text] The first enantioselective total synthesis of valeriananoids A-C (-)-1-3 is reported starting from the readily available monoterpene (R)-carvone, employing a tandem intermolecular Michael addition-intramolecular Michael addition-alkylation sequence and an electron-transfer-mediated 6-endo-trig cyclization as key steps.