Preparation and characterization of monodisperse solvent-free silica nanofluids

A series of solvent-free ionic silica (SiO₂) nanofluids of 12.3–17.3 nm in diameter were synthesized by surface functionalizing nanoscale SiO₂ with a charged corona and ionically tethering with oligomeric chains as canopy. The structure and properties of the nanofluids were systematically characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and rheology tests. The resultant nanofluids with low-molecular-weight oligomeric as canopy are homogeneous, stable yellow-like fluids with no evidence of phase separation at room temperature, while other nanofluids containing high-molecular-weight as canopy behave like a soft glassy, and they exhibit fluidity with still high modulus and viscosity above 60°C. For deeper understanding of the nature of SiO₂ nanofluids, the rheological behavior, thermal stability, as well as morphology of SiO₂ nanofluids were investigated in details. The flow properties of nanofluids could be easily regulated from soft glassy to free flowing liquids by varying the molecule weight of canopy. Most importantly, the thermal stability, rheological behavior, as well as morphology can be also regulated through varying molecule weight and thickness of canopy, which will guide our future work on synthesis of nanofluids with controllable physical properties.     

高效液相色谱法分析人血清中硫唑嘌呤和巯嘌呤的浓度

建立了用ＨＰＬＣ同时测定人血清中硫唑嘌呤（ＡＺＰ）和６－巯基嘌呤（６－ＭＰ）浓度的方法。血清样品经乙腈除蛋白后在常压和３７℃下用氮气吹干,残余物用１００μＬ洗脱液溶解,离心后上清液直接进样。以ＳｐｈｅｒｉｓｏｒｂＣ１８固定相,采用梯度洗脱,从Ｖ（乙腈）∶Ｖ（０．０１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ磷酸二氢钾）＝３∶９７经５ｍｉｎ时变为１８∶８２,１５ｍｉｎ后再变为５０∶５０,检测波长开始为３２５ｎｍ,１０ｍｉｎ后为２７８ｎｍ,甲硝唑（ＭＮＺ）为内标。ＡＺＰ和６－ＭＰ平均回收率分别为（１００．６±４．２）％和（１０２．４±４．５ ）%。     

低温-低压水热合成Ba1-xSrxTi1-ySnyO3纳米材料及其 结构与性能研究

采用低温-低压水热法,在150℃,0.5MPa以下合成了一系列Ba1-xSrxTi1-ySnyO3固溶体纳米粉末(0≤x≤0.5≤y≤0.4),经XRD物相分析和d-间距-组成图证明,产品为立方晶系的完全互溶取代固溶体,结果符合Vegard定律,TEM形貌观察,粒子为均匀球形,平均粒径80nm。通过制陶实验,分别测定了该系列固溶体的室温介电常数、介电损失以及介电常数随温度的变化。结果发现,用该方法在BaTiO3中掺入适量锶和锡,由于掺杂离子均匀进入母体晶格,引起Tc降低,介电性能改善显著,当x=0.1,y=0.08时,室温介电常数达17000,比BaTiO3纯相提高10倍,而介电损失却降低88%。     

Hydrothermal synthesis, structure and property of nano-BaTiO_3based dielectric materials

A series of Ba1-xSrxTi1-yZryO3 (0≤x≤0.5, 0≤y≤0.4) and Ba1-xZnxTi1-ySnyO3 (0≤x≤0.3, 0≤y≤0.3) solid solutions were synthesized by low-temperature/low-pressure hydrothermal method below 170℃, 0.8 MPa. XRD pattern and cell parameters-composition figures of these prepared powders demonstrated that they are completely miscible solid solutions based on BaTiO3. Furthermore, TEM showed that they have a shape of uniform, substantially spherical particles with an average particle size of 70 nm in diameter. The sintered ceramics of those powders doped by Sr2+ and Zr4+ or Zn2+ and Sn4+ have dielectric constant twelve times higher than and dielectric loss 1/6 those of pure BaTiO3 phase at room temperature.     

Ba1-1.5yLayZrxTi1-xO3固溶体的合成、结构与介电特性

用软化学合成方法在100℃以下制备了一系列Ba_1-1.5yLa_yZr_xTi_1-xO₃(0<x<0.3, 0≤y≤0.08)固溶体纳米粉末。XRD物相分析及晶间距-组成图表明，产品为完全互溶取代固溶体。用TEM观察可知其粒子为均匀球形，平均粒径为60纳米。通过制陶实验，对该系列固溶体的介电特性分别进行了测试。结果表明：采用化学掺杂方法在BaTiO₃中掺入适量锆、镧后，样品的室温介电常数可提高到30，000以上，并呈现出规律性。     

8mmTE01—HE11高功率模式变换器的研究

从弯曲波纹波导中广义耦合波方程出发，进行数值优化迭代，得到在８ｍｍ波段，ＴＥ０１－ＨＥ１１高功率高效变换器的设计。计算中考虑了金属壁所带来的区分经损耗，并采用了相位重匹配技术以提高转换效率。给出了一组优化设计尺寸及计算结果。     

In∶Nd∶LiNbO3晶体倍频性能的研究

在 LiNbO₃中掺进In₂O₃和Nd₂O₃, 以Czochralski技术生长了In∶Nd∶LiNO₃晶体. 通过光斑畸变法测得In∶Nd∶LiNbO₃晶体的光损伤阈值为1.98×104 W/cm², 比Nd∶LiNbO₃晶体的1.6×102 W/cm²高两个数量级以上;晶体吸收光谱的测试表明, In∶Nd∶LiNbO₃晶体的吸收边相对Nd∶LiNbO₃晶体发生紫移. 研究了In∶Nd∶LiNbO₃晶体的倍频性能, 结果表明, In∶Nd∶LiNbO₃晶体的相位匹配温度在室温附近, 倍频转换效率比Nd∶LiNbO₃晶体提高二倍.     

m线法研究掺杂LiNbO3晶体波导基片的光损伤

采用m线法研究了掺杂LiNbO₃晶体波导基片的光损伤,发现抗光损伤能力依次为Mg:LiNbO₃、LiNbO₃、Fe:LiNbO₃(氧化),Fe:LiNbO₃(还原).对于同样材料,质子交换光波导的抗光损伤能力高于钛扩散光波导。     

高效率Be过滤探测器中子非弹性散射谱仪

在中国原子能科学研究院重水堆水平孔道旁,建立了高效率的Be过滤探测器中子非弹性散射谱仪,首次研制了具有宽的接受角(～30°)和聚焦安排的新型Be过滤器,使探测效率提高3倍以上,同时也克服了一般Be过滤谱仪在低能段相干散射的影响.本谱仪还通过具有特殊取向的Ge单色器的不同晶面的自动转向,拓宽了测量的能量范围(10—400meV),并有较好的能量分辨率(4%—9%).在此谱仪上对ZrH_1.6和PdH_0.58的光学振动模以及高Tc超导材料YBa₂ Cu₃ O_6+x的全频谱进行了测试,观察出奇异的结构峰、高频模和反常的散射强度,表明本谱仪不仅效率高而且还具有优良的物理性能,可以在中等通量水平的反应堆上开展广泛的热中子非弹性散射研究.     

Hydrothermal synthesis, structure and photocatalytic property of nano-TiO_2-MnO_2

TiCI4 and MnSO4.H2O as raw materials are hydrolyzed stiochiometrically, following the intermediate of oxide hydrating reacts at 150℃, 0.5 MPa in high-pressure reactor, after filtering, washing and drying, nanometric TiO2-MnO2 (Ti1-xMnxO2) is prepared. The effects of the reaction temperature and time on nanometric TiO2-MnO2 are also discussed. XRD shows that the product is TiO2-MnO2 with amorphous phase. After being sintered at above 780℃, it transfers into Ti1-xMnxO2 with a rutile structure. TEM shows that TiO2-MnO2 is the spherical particle. And the average diameter of the particles is 20 nm. The optical absorbance was determined by UV-265 spec-trophotometer after dispersing the sample in the mixture of water and glycerol with the ratio of 1 : 1 equably. It is found that the nano-material possesses the advantages of both nano-TiO2 and nano-MnO2, and it has strong absorption in the UV and visible region. Photodegradation of dyes in an aqueous solution is investigated using nanometricTiO2-MnO2 as a pho