高中生“绿色应用”素养的测评研究

基于绿色化学对社会可持续发展的重要性,提出科学教育中“绿色应用”素养的理论框架,结合高中生化学学习特征开发测评工具,实施测量,分析处理测试数据,探查了高中生“绿色应用”素养的行为水平。研究发现,高中生“绿色应用”素养水平与其学科能力水平具有较好的一致性,不存在性别差异。测评结果为绿色化学实践提供借鉴和启发,以促进学生“绿色应用”素养的提升。     

吡啶-2,6-二[N-(1′-咪唑基丙基)甲酰胺]稀土配合物的合成及其离子识别性能

将配体吡啶-2,6-二[N-(1′-咪唑基丙基)甲酰胺](L)与苦味酸稀土盐[RE(pic)-3]在甲醇中反应合成了9种吡啶-2,6-二[N-(1′-咪唑基丙基)甲酰胺\]稀土配合物,其结构经元素分析、红外光谱及紫外光谱表征,确定了配合物的结构为REL(pic)₃·nCH₃OH·H₂O(RE=La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Er; n=1或2; pic为苦味酸根)。并采用紫外光谱研究了游离配体对金属离子的识别性能。结果显示：加入稀土金属离子后,L中216 nm处吸收峰消失,202 nm处吸收峰明显增强且红移至213～218 nm处,表明配体对稀土金属离子具有明显的识别能力。     

Facile Synthesis of ZnO-Au Nanopetals and Their Application for Biomolecule Determinations

Using dextran as both reductant and stabilizing agent, nanopetals(ZnO-Au NPs) were easily synthesized and possessed a petal-like morphology. The feature structure and size of such ZnO-Au NPs were adjustable by regulating the amount of chloroauric acid(HAuCl4). Moreover, the electrochemical property of the obtained NPs was evaluated by being immobilized on the glassy carbon electrode(GCE), which performed both high sensitivity and stability in dopamine(DA) determinations. Furthermore, the as-prepared ZnO-Au NPs could also detect DA and uric acid(UA) simultaneously in the mixture without interference, indicating good selectivity and showing promising potential in biosensing.     

CVD 法制备三维石墨烯的电化学储能性能

维石墨烯是由二维石墨烯构成的三维网络结构,多孔的网络结构赋予了三维石墨烯超大的比表面积、超高的机械强度以及优异的电子传输通道. 因其优异的性能,三维石墨烯及其复合材料已经广泛地应用于能源、化学和生物等研究领域. 在三维石墨烯的合成方法中,化学气相沉积法由于制备的三维石墨烯具有高纯度、良好结晶性和优异的机械性能而备受推崇. 本文结合当前研究热点,综述了化学气相沉积法制备三维石墨烯及其复合材料在电化学储能领域（铝电池、锂离子电池、锂-硫电池、钠离子电池、金属-空气电池、超级电容器）中的应用,并简要评述当前化学气相沉积法制备三维石墨烯在应用中所面临的挑战及发展前景.     

Synergistically advancing Li storage property of hydrothermally grown 1D pristine MnO2 over a mesh-like interconnected framework of 2D graphene oxide

Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry - Here, we present a unique morphology comprising a blend of ultrafine 1D MnO2 and graphene oxide as an efficient anode material to overcome the issue of...     

Comparative analysis of nucleosides,nucleobases, and amino acids in different parts of Angelicae Sinensis Radix by ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry

A rapid and sensitive ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry method was established and employed to determine 21 nucleosides, nucleobases, and amino acids in 60 samples from different parts of Angelicae Sinensis Radix. The established methods were validated by good linearity (r² > 0.9937), limits of detection (0.12–77.75 ng/mL), limits of quantitation (0.31–272.13 ng/mL), intra‐ and interday precisions (RSD ≤ 4.84%, RSD ≤ 6.26%), stability (RSD ≤ 5.92%), repeatability (RSD ≤ 7.14%), recovery (91.4–103.4%), and matrix effects (0.92–1.03). Chemical comparative analysis revealed that the content of total analytes in four parts of Angelicae Sinensis Radix were different, and exhibited the order: Head (14.89 mg/g) > Body (10.15 mg/g) > All (8.22 mg/g) > Tail (6.23 mg/g). Principal component analysis showed that the samples could be classified into four groups in accord with four different parts of Angelicae Sinensis Radix. The results could provide a scientific basis and reference for the quality control of Angelicae Sinensis Radix, and may be conducive to further research on the pharmacological activities of Angelicae Sinensis Radix.     

Carbonized cotton fibers via a facile method for highly sensitive solid‐phase microextraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Cotton fiber is an environmentally friendly and natural material with a certain extraction capacity, while its enrichment ability is poor. In order to improve the extraction efficiency of cotton fibers, it was carbonized to form a layer of amorphous carbon as the sorbent by a simple carbonization method. Carbonized cotton fibers were filled into a polyetheretherketone tube for in‐tube solid‐phase microextraction. The carbonization time was investigated to obtain high extraction efficiency. Coupled to high‐performance liquid chromatography, the extraction tube was evaluated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, estrogens and phthalates, and it exhibited best extraction efficiency for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Under the optimum conditions, an online analysis method for several polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons was established with large linear ranges (0.016–0.20 μg/L), low limits of detection (0.005–0.020 μg/L), and high enrichment factors (948–2874). Analysis method was successfully applied to the detection of targets in the real samples and shown satisfactory durability and chemical stability. Moreover, the relative recoveries ranged from 82 to 119.2%, which demonstrated the applicability of carbonized cotton fibers in sample preparation. Compared with other reported methods, the proposed method provided shorter extraction time, higher enrichment factors, comparable limits of detection, and recoveries.     

Bare polyprolylene hollow fiber as extractive phase for in‐tube solid‐phase microextraction to determine estrogens in water samples

Polypropylene hollow fibers as the adsorbent were directly filled into a polyetheretherketone tube for in‐tube solid‐phase microextraction. The surface properties of hollow fibers were characterized by a scanning electron microscope. Combined with high performance liquid chromatography, the extraction tube showed good extraction performance for five environmental estrogen hormones. To achieve high analytical sensitivity, four important factors containing sampling volume, sampling rate, content of organic solvent in sample, and desorption time were investigated. Under the optimum conditions, an online analysis method was established with wide linear range (0.03–20 µg/L), good correlation coefficients (≥0.9998), low limits of detection (0.01–0.05 µg/L), low limits of quantitation (0.03–0.16 µg/L), and high enrichment factors (1087–2738). Relative standard deviations (n = 3) for intraday (≤3.6%) and interday (≤5.1%) tests proved the stable extraction performance of the material. Durability and chemical stability of the extraction tube were also investigated, relative standard deviations of all analytes were less than 5.8% (n = 3), demonstrating the satisfactory stability. Finally, the method was successfully applied to detect estrogens in real samples.     

Nano‐MoO3 for highly selective enrichment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in in‐tube solid‐phase microextraction

Nano‐molybdenum trioxide was prepared from nano‐molybdenum disulfide by simple firing in muffle furnace. Nano‐molybdenum trioxide was used as the extraction coating on the stainless steel wire. Four wires were filled in a polyetheretherketone tube to get an extraction tube. The tube was connected to the six‐port valve of a high performance liquid chromatograph, and the online analysis system was constructed. Extraction selectivity of the tube for different types of compounds, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, plasticizers, estrogens, anilines and neonicotinoids, was studied. Good enrichment ability for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, but the extraction efficiency of others was not satisfactory. Using eight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as the targets, an analytical method was established after optimizing main factors such as sampling volume, sampling rate, methanol content, and desorption time. The established method exhibited wide linear range to 0.016–20.00 μg/L and low limits of detection to 0.005 μg/L, and the enrichment factors can be up to 2443. The method was applied to the detection of trace polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in tap water and river water, and a good recovery was obtained. The tube showed good durability and chemical stability, and it still remained good extraction effect after more than 140 run.