Model for inclusive production of protons,anti-protons pions and kaons with large transverse momenta

The production of particle with large transverse momenta P_T and other unexpected features observed with CERN ISR are explained on the basis of a model which traces their origin to a small class of events, called central collisions, involving “core-core” interactions. In each central collision, two massive fire balls, moving slowly in the C.M. system, are produced and they decay according to Fermi's statistical theory. The model makes specific predictions like a correlations between large P_T, high multiplicities and production of antiprotons.     

Simple variational approach to the thermal properties of ionic crystals

The thermal properties of ionic crystals are analysed using the variational principle of classical statistical mechanics. The Einstein and Debye pictures of the lattice vibrations are adopted as trial Hamiltonians. No explicit calculation of the lattice spectrum is needed. The variational result for the thermal expansion in the Einstein picture is identical to that recently derived by Narayan and Ramaseshan by a physically motivated thermal force picture. The agreement with experimental values in the alkali halide family of crystals is surprisingly good, the root mean square error being about 14%. The parameters in the interionic potential used are obtained from the lattice spacings and compressibilities of the crystals and not from anharmonic properties. The Debye picture gives about equally good results for the thermal expansion, but better results for the thermal vibration amplitudes of the ions. It differs from the Einstein picture in incorporating correlated vibrations of atoms and in having an explicit Coulomb contribution to the thermal properties. It is suggested that the theory given in this paper has a useful role to play in studies of thermal expansion and phase stability for large families of ionic crystals when combined with semi-empirical theories.     

Production ofψ particles in N-N collisions and largeP T phenomenon

We calculate the yield ofψ (3105) particles in N-N collisions in a model which associates the production of heavy particles with largeP _T phenomenon. Our results show thatψ (3105) has a fairly strong coupling to other hadrons. We propose a criterion in the search for charmed particles and a parametrization for the expected yields of such particles.     

An explanation of the beam dump experiment

The production of prompt neutrinos in the beam dump experiment is explained in a cluster model, by postulating the emission of strange clusters in hadron collisions, besides the usual non-strange clusters. The low mass strange clusters can decay only by the weak interaction. The leptonic and semi-leptonic decay modes of these clusters give rise to prompt neutrinos. A prediction of the model is that the ratios <v _e>/π ⁺ at PS energies would be the same as SPS energies.     

Output characteristics of a 400 MW Nd:glass laser system

The paper discusses the performance characteristics of a Nd: glass laser system designed for laser produced plasma studies. It consists of aQ-switched oscillator followed by two amplifier stages. The output behaviour of the oscillator, i.e. laser pulse duration, peak power and optimum coupling, has been studied and is in good agreement with theory. Gain characteristics of amplifiers were obtained as a function of various parameters. Energies in excess of 7 J with pulse durations as small as 18 nsec were obtained giving rise to 400 MW peak power.     

Studies toward the total synthesis of angelmicin B (hibarimicin B): synthesis of a model CD-D' arylnaphthoquinone

[structure: see text] A synthesis of arylnaphthoquinone 22 corresponding to the CD-D' unit of angelmicin B via the Suzuki coupling of the D' arylboronic acid 15 with the CD bromonaphthoquinone 21 is described. The mild conditions for the Suzuki cross-coupling leading to 22 may prove to be useful for the eventual late-stage coupling of the two highly functionalized halves of angelmicin B.     

Return to return point memory

We describe a new class of systems exhibiting return point memory (RPM), different from those discussed before in the context of ferromagnets. We show numerically that one-dimensional random Ising antiferromagnets have exact RPM when evolving from a large field, but not when started at finite field, unlike the ferromagnetic case. This implies that the standard approach to understanding ferromagnetic RPM will fail for this case. We also demonstrate RPM with a set of variables that keeps track of spin flips at each site. Conventional RPM for the spins is a projection of this result, suggesting that spin flip variables might be a more fundamental representation of the dynamics. We also present a mapping that embeds the antiferromagnetic chain in a two-dimensional ferromagnet, and prove RPM for spin-exchange dynamics in the interior of the chain with this mapping.     

Non-similar solutions of free convection flow over a vertical frustum of a cone for constant wall temperature

Summary The laminar free convection flow and heat transfer over a vertical frustum of a cone is studied. The governing boundary layer equations are solved using local non-similarity method for constant wall temperature case. Local similarity and the local non-similarity two- and three-equation models are constructed and the resulting equations are solved numerically. Results obtained from two- and three-equation models are in good agreement. The numerical values of the flow and temperature functions required to calculate the surface skin friction and heat transfer rate have been reported for various values of Prandtl numbers.

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Nichtähnlichkeits-Lösnngen für die freie Konvektionsströmung an einem vertikalen Kegelstumpf bei konstanter Wandtemperatur

Übersicht Untersucht wird die laminare freie Konvektionsströmung und der Wärmeübergang an einem vertikalen Kegelstumpf. Zur Lösung der zugehörigen Grenzschichtgleichungen im Fall konstanter Wandtemperatur werden die Modelle der lokalen Ähnlichkeit und der lokalen Nichtähnlichkeit mit zwei bzw. drei Gleichungen eingeführt und die sich ergebenden Gleichungen numerisch gelöst. Die Lösungen nach den Modellen mit zwei und drei Gleichungen passen gut zusammen. Die Zahlenwerte von Strom- und Temperaturfunktionen, die für die Berechnung der Wandschubspannung und der Wärmeübergangsrate benötigt werden, sind für verschiedene Werte der Prandtl-Zahl angegeben.

     

Characteristic noise features in light transmission across membrane protein undergoing photocycle

We demonstrate a technique based on noise measurements which can be utilized to study dynamical processes in protein assembly. Direct visualization of dynamics in membrane protein system such as bacteriorhodopsin (bR) upon photostimulation are quite challenging. bR represents a model system where the stimulus-triggered structural dynamics and biological functions are directly correlated. Our method utilizes a pump-probe near field microscopy method in the transmission mode and involves analyzing the transmittance fluctuations from a finite size of molecular assembly. Probability density distributions indicating the effects of finite size and statistical correlations appear as a characteristic frequency distribution in the noise spectra of bR whose origin can be traced to photocycle kinetics. Valuable insight into the molecular processes were obtained from the noise studies of bR and its mutant D96N as a function of external parameters such as temperature, humidity or presence of an additional pump source.