Performance of the low pressure MWPCs for fission fragments under a high background

Two couples of low pressure multi-wire proportional chambers (MWPC) were located in the target chamber to detect fission fragments in a hypernuclei producing experiment at Thomas Jefferson National Laboratory (Jlab). In the experiment, a continuous wave (CW) electron beam was applied to form hypernuclei by electromagnetic interaction. In the target chamber, the high energy (1.853 GeV) and high intensity (500 nA) primary electron beam caused a high particle background, which influenced the detection of the fission fragments. This report described the design of the MWPCs and studied the fission-fragment detecting performance of them under such a high background. The efficiency of the MWPCs was given with the help of a high resolution kaon spectrometer. At the same time, the background particles were discussed with a Monte Carlo code based on GEANT4.     

太阳电池背反镜的吸收损耗性质研究

基于频域有限差分法和入射光场在平板型和织构型非晶硅电池内的传输过程,详细分析了Ag背反镜的吸收性质.研究表明:导模振荡吸收和表面等离子体共振吸收是两种电池结构Ag背反镜的主要吸收机制;在长波段,平板型电池结构的导模振荡吸收和表面等离子体共振吸收均较弱,其Ag背反镜的吸收很小(小于3;),而织构型电池结构可产生较强的导模振荡吸收和表面等离子体共振吸收,其Ag背反镜的吸收较大(某些特殊波长的吸收达50;);织构型电池结构可有效拓展入射光单程通过有源层被完全吸收的波长范围.     

载银羟基磷灰石抗菌剂及陶瓷抗菌性能测定

采用最低抑菌浓度(MIC)和抑菌圈法测定载银羟基磷灰石抗菌剂的抗菌性能,采用24 h抗菌法测定载银羟基磷灰石抗菌陶瓷的抗菌性能.实验结果表明:载银羟基磷灰石抗菌剂和陶瓷具有较好的抗菌性能.抗菌剂MIC随抗菌剂中Ag+掺入量的增加而降低,抑菌圈则随抗菌剂中Ag+掺入量的增加而增大,MIC和抑菌圈实验结果一致,二者均能较好评价抗菌剂的抗菌性能.当陶瓷中4.50; Ag-HA型抗菌剂掺入量为9wt;时,陶瓷抗菌率大于99.9;,且抗菌性能的耐久性效果好.     

制度落差与中国跨国企业海外进入模式关系研究

本文分析了制度落差与中国企业海外市场进入模式之间的关系,着重对比了制度顺差与制度逆差情况下,制度差异对企业海外进入模式决策的影响。研究发现,在正式制度顺差的情况下,东道国与母国间正式制度差异越大,企业越倾向于选择以合资形式建立子公司;在正式制度逆差情况下,东道国与母国间正式制度差异越大,企业越倾向于选择以全资形式建立子公司。同时发现,正式制度落差并不影响非正式制度对进入模式的影响方向,即随着母国与东道国非正式制度差异的增大,企业更倾向于以全资形式建立子公司。     

基于不确定度处理的导热系数实验挖掘

在计算机普及和大物实验智能化的时代背景下,许多理工院校特别是普通工科院校中对实验数据的处理要求逐渐简化,甚至已不再有不确定的数据处理要求。部分学有遗力或感兴趣的学生希望有更深入的数据处理与分析,但缺乏比较有可操作性的实例参考,目前导热系数的数据处理相关文献尚无不确定度处理的报道。特别是不确定处理,成了学生难以触及触摸的禁区。针对这样的现状,我们提供了方程回归法、作图法和逐差法这三种有效的数据处理方法,并首次详细给出了不确定度处理过程。基于不确定处理结果,我们进行了有效的误差分析并针对性地提出了实验的操作建议,具有一定的参考价值。     

四方Mo2B基本物性的第一性原理研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理方法,对新近发现的四方Mo2B在0～40 GPa压力范围内的物性进行了研究,研究内容包括弹性、各向异性、脆性延展性、硬度、理论强度、热容、热膨胀系数等基本物理性质.研究发现在0～40 GPa压力范围内,四方Mo2B晶体均满足力学稳定性条件,并且表现出较强的各向同性.同时发现该晶体具有较高的抗压缩能力,但抗剪切能力较差,抗压和抗剪切能力会随压力增加而增长.此外还发现四方Mo2B为韧性材料,且压力越大韧性越强.计算显示它的维氏硬度为14.3 GPa,限制其作为超硬材料的应用.通过应力-应变的计算发现其不同方向的理想拉伸及剪切强度都比较低.此外,还利用准谐德拜模型研究了四方Mo2B的热膨胀系数以及定容热容等热力学性质.     

烧结方式对氧化铝-氧化锆复相陶瓷性能的影响

以硫酸铝、氧氯化锆和氨水为原料,采用共沉淀法制备氧化铝-氧化锆复相陶瓷,借助XRD、SEM等手段对复相陶瓷进行表征,分析了微波烧结和常规烧结对陶瓷烧结体性能的影响.结果表明:微波烧结体的相对密度较常规烧结体的大,且随着烧结温度的升高烧结体的致密度增强,在1550℃可达99;以上;微波烧结体的最高抗弯强度为765 MPa.组分分析表明微波烧结体主要含m-ZrO2和α-Al2O3和少量t-ZrO2相,且晶粒分布均匀、微观组织致密.用微波烧结获得的材料显微结构较常规烧结有较大改善.     

白炭黑的长链烷基官能化改性及表征

以正二十二醇为改性剂对沉淀法白炭黑粉体进行了表面改性.采用傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)、热重(TG)、元素分析(EA)、接触角仪、激光粒度分布分析、透射电镜(TEM)等表征手段,研究考察了长链烷基对沉淀法白炭黑形貌及性能的影响.结果表明:正二十二醇成功接枝到了白炭黑的表面,且每克白炭黑表面接枝改性剂的量为0.0328 mol/g;改性后白炭黑的分散性和疏水性得到明显提高,其接触角由改性前的0°增加到了132°;改性后的白炭黑粉体粒径分布变窄,粒子平均粒径值由改性前的491.2 nm减小到240 nm.     

Breaking 12% efficiency in flexible organic solar cells by using a composite electrode

The performance of flexible organic solar cells(OSCs)significantly relies on the quality of transparent flexible electrode.Here,we used silver nanowires(AgNWs)with various weight ratios to dope high-conductive poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate(PH1000)to optimize the optical and electronic properties of PH1000 film.A high-quality flexible composite electrode PET/Ag-mesh/PH1000:AgNWs-20 with smooth surface,a low sheet resistance of 6Ω/sq and a high transmittance of 86%at 550-nm wavelength was obtained by doping 20 wt%AgNWs to PH1000(PH1000:AgNWs-20).The flexible OSCs based on the PET/Ag-mesh/PH1000:AgNWs-20 electrode delivered a power conversion efficiency(PCE)of12.07%with an open circuit voltage(V_(oc))of 0.826 V,a short-circuit current density(J_(sc))of 20.90 m A/cm~2and a fill factor(FF)of69.87%,which is the highest reported PCE for the flexible indium-tin oxide(ITO)-free OSCs.This work demonstrated that the flexible composite electrodes of PET/Ag-mesh/PH1000:AgNWs are promising alternatives for the conventional PET/ITO electrode,and open a new avenue for developing high-performance flexible transparent electrode for optoelectronic devices.     

Excitation-power dependence of the near-band-edge photoluminescence of ZnO inverse opals and nanocrystal films

The excitation-power dependence of the near-band-edge emission in ZnO inverse opals and nanocrystal films has been studied. The dependence of the photoluminescence intensity I on the excitation power L can be described by a power law, i.e., I∼L^α, where α is an exponent that is often used to identify the origin of the near-band-edge emission from semiconductors in previous models. However, in this work, it was found that the values of α show a strong variation between ZnO inverse opals and nanocrystal films. And our results show that the change of α is mainly caused by the laser heating effects. Therefore, the value of α could not be simply employed to unequivocally evaluate the origin of the near-band-edge emission in complex nanostructures.