x强流相对论环形电子束在低磁场中传输分析

 用理论和粒子模拟相结合的方法分析了强流薄环形相对论电子束在低磁场导引下，在均匀波导，无箔二极管，以及锥形波导和渐减磁场位形条件下的传输过程，研究了束包络的波动和如何减少波动的问题。分析表明：在无箔二极管中一个适当渐增的磁场位形可以有效地抑制束电子的径向运动，从而减少电子在波导中的波动幅度；电子束在锥形波导和渐减磁场位形中运动，不会增加束电子的波动。因此适当的磁场位形可以降低微波器件对导引磁场的要求，有利于实现永磁包装微波器件。     

WO3表面的氧缺陷

用不同能量的Ar⁺和H⁺轰击WO₃表面,观察到W_4f峰的位移和加宽。通过谱分解处理得到相应于W_4f电子的W⁶⁺,W⁴⁺和W⁰3个不同的双峰。用表面产生氧缺陷的机理解释了还原过程。UPS谱显示出氧缺陷的存在增加了靠近费密能级处的态密度。H₂O的吸附结果说明WO₃表面的活性与W^{5+< 关键词：}     

不可分解的正定么模二次型的构作

本文应用不可分的(indecomposable)与不可分解的(non-decomposable)正定二次型的关系证明了Z上的17,19和23元不可分解的正定么模二次型的存在,并给出了它们的明确结构,这是Erds和柯召于1938年提出而迄今尚未解决的问题。     

具阻尼的Gross-Pitaevskii(GP)方程在二维空间中的稳定性

本文讨论出现在吸引玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚中的一类带调和势的阻尼非线性Schr dinger方程.对照玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚的物理性质,证明了阻尼参数存在一个门槛值,即当阻尼参数大于该门槛值时,初值问题的解整体存在;当阻尼参数小于该门槛值时,其初值问题的解将在有限时间内坍塌.     

球壳激光窗口附加相移的分析和计算

分析了球壳激光窗口附加相移产生的原因 :窗口本身光路长度不等、窗口材料的热和弹光效应引起的折射率和应变分布不均。用差分法计算了光波阵面附加相移的分布 ,结果表明 ,窗口参数的选择对光束位相分布影响较大。考虑热和弹光效应 ,依据远场光斑中心峰值的大小 ,得到较佳的窗口参数 ,减小了附加相移对光束质量的影响。     

应力应变对金属裸体表面溶解电流的促进机理

从位错和能量的观点出发,分析了畸变原子和普通原子间的能量差别,结果表明:位错原子的电动势比普通原子的电动势高出大约2.1V,溶解速率是普通原子的10¹⁷倍。提出了金属裸表面溶解的模型。理论计算得到了裸体表面溶解电流和位错密度的关系。利用自行设计制作的快速划破装置测试了不同应力应变状态下321不锈钢单晶体在3.5％MgCl₂水溶液中裸体表面溶解电流。实验结果与理论计算结果相一致。     

Hexagram-like CoS-MoS<Subscript>2</Subscript> composites with enhanced activity for hydrogen evolution reaction

Hexagram-like CoS-MoS₂ composites were prepared on indium tin oxide (ITO) conductive glasses via cyclic voltammetry electrodeposition using Co(NO₃)₂ and (NH₄)₂MoS₂ as precursors and tested for application in hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The structure of CoS-MoS₂ composites was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectrum (XPS). Electrochemical characterizations indicate that CoS-MoS₂ composites exhibit more excellent catalytic activity and stability than MoS₂. Compared with pure MoS₂, the hexagram-like CoS-MoS₂ composites with increased specific surface area improved the density of exposed active sites, and the Co binding S edges in CoS-MoS₂ composites promote the number of highly catalytic edge sites and decreased the binding energy △G _H. Moreover, the effects of different substrates on the CoS-MoS₂ composites were also investigated. Our further understanding of this highly active hydrogen evolution catalyst can facilitate the development of economical electrochemical hydrogen production systems.     

Screening and Identification of a Fungal β-Glucosidase and the Enzymatic Synthesis of Gentiooligosaccharide

After screening with 0.1% esculoside and 0.03% FeCl₃, we identified from rotten wood a fungal isolate HML0366 that produces high amount of β-glucosidase. Phenotypic and rDNA internal transcribed spacer sequence analyses indicated that the isolate belongs to Aspergillus oryzae. The β-glucosidase produced by HML0366 had an activity of 128 U/g. high performance liquid chromatography analysis also demonstrated a high transglycosylation activity of the crude enzyme. The β-glucosidase was stable between pH 4–10 at 60 °C. A gentiobiose yield of 30.86 g/L was achieved within 72 h of the enzymatic reaction at pH 5 and 55 °C using 50% glucose as the substrate. For the first time, we report here the isolation of an A. oryzae strain producing β-glucosidase with high hydrolytic activities. The crude enzyme has a high transglycosylation activity, which enables the enzymatic synthesis of gentiooligosaccharides.     

堆积的胸腺嘧啶体系光物理失活的动力学模拟

采用半经典动力学方法模拟了π堆积的胸腺嘧啶体系最低激发态的光物理失活过程.设置激光脉冲仅作用于一个胸腺嘧啶分子T,另一胸腺嘧啶分子T’保持基态.模拟发现由于T与T’之间存在π堆积相互作用,导致电荷转移,形成T带负电荷、T’带正电符的激基复合物.由于相邻分子的空间效应阻碍了激发的T分子到达圆锥相交所必需的强烈扭曲,激基复合物的寿命比单体增长.当分子间距离缩短至0.3 nm后,T分子C₅—C₆键扭曲程度最大,此时发生电荷重组,两个胸腺嘧啶分子均恢复电中性.电荷重组诱导T’分子发生畸变,并在C₅’—C₆’扭曲最大时避免相交,体系衰减至基态,T和T’分子均恢复平面构型.