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71.
Wei Ru Wong Faisal Rafiq Mahamd Adikan Pierre Berini 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2014,117(2):527-535
The sensing performance of straight long-range surface plasmon waveguides consisting of a thin gold stripe embedded in Cytop is explored theoretically as a function of the metal stripe cross-sectional dimensions and the length of the sensing channel, and as a function of the sensing medium refractive index. The surface sensitivity and detection limit of such waveguides for attenuation-based biosensing are assessed. We find that changes in coupling efficiency between the sensing waveguide and the access waveguides, and changes in attenuation constant, due to adlayer formation, can contribute additively to the sensing performance. We observed a trade-off between the insertion loss and the change in insertion loss occurring during sensing. Optimum designs leading to compact, sensitive, and cost-effective biosensors are reported. 相似文献
72.
Imran Khan Payare L. Sangwan Alamgir A. Dar Rather A. Rafiq Mufti R. Farrukh Jagdish K. Dhar Sheikh A. Tasduq Surrinder Koul 《Journal of separation science》2013,36(16):2602-2610
Betulinic acid ( 1 ), betulinic acid‐3‐acetate ( 2 ), 3‐acetylbetulinaldehyde ( 3 ), oleanolic acid‐3‐acetate ( 4 ), 3‐β‐hydroxy‐28,19‐β‐olenolide ( 5 ), and β‐sitosterol ( 6 ) were isolated from Platanus orientalis and a high‐performance thin‐layer chromatography method was developed for their simultaneous quantification. The markers were first derivatized on the chromatogram with ceric ammonium sulfate and then high‐performance thin‐layer chromatography densitometry was carried out. Chromatographic separation of these markers was carried out on silica gel 60 plates using a ternary solvent system n‐hexane/toluene/acetone (6:3.5:1 v/v/v) as a mobile phase. For marker 1 , a deuterium (D2) lamp and wavelength of 420 nm was used. A tungsten (W) lamp was used for markers 2 and 3 at 550 nm and for 4 – 6 at 500 nm. The method was validated for accuracy, precision, LOD, and LOQ. All calibration curves showed a good linear relationship (r > 0.9919). The precision evaluated by an intra‐ and interday study showed RSDs < 2.51% and accuracy validation recovery between 95.54 and 99.33% with RSDs < 1.55%. The successful application of the validated method showed 1 as the most abundant component (4.63%) and 5 (0.017%) the least. The markers displayed a significant cytotoxic effect against human keratinocyte, mouse melanoma, and human skin epithelial carcinoma cancer cells by using a 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. 相似文献
73.
Ismail Khalil Warad M. Rafiq H. Siddiqui Saud Al-Resayes Abdulrahman Al-Warthan Refaat Mahfouz 《Transition Metal Chemistry》2009,34(3):347-352
Reaction of the ruthenium phosphine complex [RuCl2(PPh3)3] 1 with an unsaturated functionalized diphosphine ligand, namely 1,1-bis(diphenyl-phosphinomethyl)ethene, H2C=C(CH2PPh2)2, (dppme) gave trans-Cl2Ru(dppme)2
2. Complex 2 served as a precursor for the synthesis of trans-Cl2Ru(dppme)(alkylamine)2 complexes 3–5 by reaction with RNH2. All these complexes were characterized by spectroscopic techniques and by elemental analysis. The solid-state structure
of complex 2 was determined by X-ray crystallography. 相似文献
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76.
Nasir Amin S. Mahmood S.U. Haq M. Rafiq 《Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer》2008,109(5):863-872
New measurements of the photoionization cross sections from the 4p 2P1/2,3/2, 5d 2D5/2,3/2 and 7s 2S1/2 excited states of potassium are presented. The cross sections have been measured by two-step excitation and ionization using a Nd:YAG laser in conjunction with a thermionic diode ion detector. By applying the saturation technique, the absolute values of the cross sections from the 4p 2P3/2 and 4p 2P1/2 states at 355 nm are determined as 7.2±1.1 and 5.6±0.8 Mb, respectively. The photoionization cross section from the 5d 2D5/2,3/2 excited state has been measured using two excitation paths, two-step excitation and two-photon excitation from the ground state. The measured values of the cross sections from the 5d 2D5/2 state by two-photon excitation from the ground state is 28.9±4.3 Mb, whereas in the two-step excitation, the cross section from the 5d 2D3/2 state via the 4p 2P1/2 state and from the 5d 2D5/2,3/2 states via the 4p 2P3/2 state are determined as 25.1±3.8 and 30.2±4.5 Mb, respectively. Besides, we have measured the photoionization cross sections from the 7s 2S1/2 excited state using the two-photon excitation from the ground state as 0.61±0.09 Mb. 相似文献
77.
S.-U. Haq S. Mahmood M. A. Kalyar M. Rafiq R. Ali M. A. Baig 《The European Physical Journal D - Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Plasma Physics》2007,44(3):439-447
We present experimentally measured absolute values of the photoionization
cross sections from the 5s5p 1P1 and 5s5p 3P1 excited
states of strontium at the first ionization threshold as 11.4±1.8 Mb
and 10.7±1.7 Mb respectively using saturated absorption technique
along with a thermionic diode ion detector in conjunction with a Nd:YAG
pumped dye laser system. These threshold photoionization cross sections
values have been utilized to determine the oscillator strengths of the
5s5p 1P1↦5snd 1D2 and 5s5p 3P1↦5snd 3D2 Rydberg transitions. The oscillator strength densities in the
continuum corresponding to the 5s5p 3P1 excited state have also
been determined by measuring the photoionization cross sections at five
ionizing wavelengths above the first ionization threshold. Smooth merging of
the discrete f-values into the oscillator strength densities has been
observed for the 5s5p 3P1↦5snd 3D2 series across the
ionization threshold. 相似文献
78.
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80.
Present investigation reports on the effects of incorporating pre- and post-heating on the mechanical properties of laser-welded joints, in normal air condition. Two common types of steels, i.e. mild steel, and stainless steel were welded with Lumonic's MS 830 Nd3+:YAG laser machine, with an output capacity of 400 W. Due to the low integrated energy input required for laser welded joints, the welded region are often cooled too rapidly via conduction to the surrounding material and atmosphere, which leads to hardness discontinuities in the fusion and heat affected zone. The effects of in-process laser annealing on the mechanical properties and microstructure of laser-welded joints are important in any manufacturing operation. To improve the poor weld characteristics, this work investigates the use of automated dual-beam delivery system to implement a pre- or post-heating technique, simultaneously with the welding process. The results show that proper selection of the control parameters for the pre- or post-heating can reduce the hardness of the weld significantly and improve the welded joints mechanical properties, such as higher tensile strength and better durability. 相似文献