Structural and dynamic properties of polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate micelle in water dispersion studied by pulsed field gradient NMR

The diffusion phenomenon of a nonionic surfactant, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate (POE-SMO), micelle in aqueous solution was investigated by pulsed field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance (PFG NMR) with a high gradient strength of 17.4 T/m at the diffusion timet _d varied from 3 to 300 ms. This high gradient strength allowed us to measure the slow self-diffusion coefficient of POE-SMO micelle, and the short diffusion time below 10 ms showed the restricted diffusion of the micelle. At the shortt _d the self-diffusion of the micelle was restricted and the restricted sizes were 1.8, 1.5, and 0.8 μm for the POE-SMO concentration of 100, 200 and 300 mM, respectively, and 0.6 μm for the POE-SMO only. The possible reason of this restriction was assumed to be the formation of a spatial network or a micellar clustering. Furthermore, a proton exchange between water molecule and surfactant OH group on the micelle surface was proposed. With respect to this proposal, the residence time of the proton at the micelle surface and the thickness of the surface were investigated from proton self-diffusion coefficients by PFG NMR.     

Pulsed laser deposition of atomically flat La1-xSrxMnO3 thin films using a novel target geometry

A new ablation target geometry is presented that was used to produce thin films of La_1-xSr_xMnO₃ grown heteroepitaxially on SrTiO₃ by pulsed reactive crossed-beam laser ablation. The films were grown in order to perform angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy, which demands that the surface be atomically flat. In situ and ex situ analysis shows that this condition was met, even after depositing to a thickness of over 100 nm. PACS 61.10.-i; 61.18.Bn; 68.47.Gh; 71.27.+a; 81.15.Fg     

Physics in Melbourne

I survey highlights of the practice of physics and allied sciences in Melbourne,Australia, from the 1850s, soon after Europeans first settled in the area, to the present. I note recognizable sites of past and current physical-science activity that may be visited, as well as exhibits of historic items of physics apparatus. I trace the role of physics, in the course of a century and a half, in the evolution of a pioneering settlement into a large city embedded in a modern industrial economy.     

Imaginary entanglement as a cost of unitarity

The contradiction between the fidelity necessary to determine the entanglement of states and the noise accompanying high-precision measurements is discussed. The unitary nonequivalence of quantum field representations in different regions of space leads to an additional noise, analogously to the Unruh effect. The cause of this noise is eliminated by rejecting the assumption of statistical independence of single-particle states of the quantum field. The smearing of one-particle states eliminates the reasons for the appearance of the Unruh noise and, simultaneously, leads to imaginary entanglement due to overlapping of these states.     

A general Hsu-Robbins-Erdős Type estimate of tail probabilities of sums of independent identically distributed random variables

Periodica Mathematica Hungarica - Let X 1,X 2,... be a sequence of independent and identically distributed random variables, and put % MATHTYPE!MTEF!2!1!+-%...     

On the Solution of Discontinuous IVPs by Adaptive Runge–Kutta Codes

In this paper an automatic technique for handling discontinuous IVPs when they are solved by means of adaptive Runge–Kutta codes is proposed. This technique detects, accurately locates and passes the discontinuities in the solution of IVPs by using the information generated by the code along the numerical integration together with a continuous interpolant of the discrete solution. A remarkable feature is that it does not require additional information on the location of the discontinuities. Some numerical experiments are presented to illustrate the reliability and efficiency of the proposed algorithms.     

On the Development of Fundamentally New Organic Reagents

Based on an analysis of the processes of intramolecular signal transfer (the ordered motion of a quasiparticle, vibron) and structural isomerization, it was pointed out that, in principle, reagents of a new type can be developed with analytical effects fundamentally different from usual ones. The type of analytical response can vary depending on the molecular structure and intramolecular processes induced. General principles of the molecular design of systems of this kind are discussed.     

Enhanced visualization methods for interpretation of wind tunnel data

Journal of Visualization -