ICP—AES法测定人体胎盘血清中15种微量元素

用ICP-AES法测定了人体胎盘血清中15种微量元素。本法具有灵敏度较高,校正曲线的线性范围宽,基体效应小,尤其是进样量少等优点。本法可同时测定多种元素。     

阶跃光纤的偏振色散

利用全反射光在光纤包层中的横向偏移和渡越时间,导出了各向同性光纤的全反射偏振色散公式及双折射光纤偏振色散的修正公式,通过模拟计算分析了偏振色散随入射角的变化规律.     

GEOCHEMISTY OF BICYCLIC ALKANES IN SEDIMENTS, COAL AND CRUDE OILS

By using GC-MS to analyze the extracts of source rocks, coal and crude oil samplesformed in different sedimentary environments in China, New Zealand and Australia, twenty-two compounds of five types of bicyclic alkanes have been dis covered in the samples. Thispaper makes an exposition of stereochemical structure, abundance and distributive features ofthese compounds and their relation to sedimentary environments and thermal evolution. Furt-thermore, it demonstrates how the abundance ratios of bicyclic alkanes to steranes and ter-panes, drimane to homodramane and the relative abundance of C_(15),C_(16),C_(12)-C_(14) series of bicyclic-alkane compounds can be used to judge and determine types of oil and gas forming environ-ments (the depositive environments of source rocks from which the oil and gas wereformed), characteristics of source rocks and degree of maturation.     

直流等离子体-中阶梯光栅光谱仪测定高纯氧化镧、氧化钇中稀土杂质

本文采用中阶梯光栅光谱仪,直流等离子体光谱法测定高纯(99.99%)氯化镧、氧化钇中稀土杂质元素,由于仪器具有很高的色散率,因而方法具有灵敏度高、干扰少的特点。     

火焰原子吸收间断雾化技术的研究及应用

本文综合评述了前人所用间断雾化的各种进样方式和装置,发现在采用峰值测量时,其灵敏度和精密度差别不大。这样,可以直接将喷雾毛细管瞬间(约3秒)插入试液,进行测定。本文对影响饱和量体积的各种因素进行了较详细的试验与对比,包括提升量的变化。喷雾响应时间,不同粘度,不同溶剂(水与有机)的影响。认为饱和量体积实质上取决于待测元素到达火焰和原子化平衡的时间,以及仪器的响应速度。本文还对高盐基体的测定,有机萃取直接FAAS测定,以及血清的测定进行了研究,发现间断雾化技术在这方面具有广泛的应用前景。     

EFFECT OF IONIC RADII ON UNIT-CELL VOLUMES OF ISOSTRUCTURAL COMPOUNDS

The relation between cell-edges or unit-cell volumes of isostructural compounds and theionic radii has wide applications in crystal chemistry. The authors have proved: (1) For a series of multiple isostructural compounds such as A_mB_n…X_p, when the anionand other cations are fixed, there exists the following relation between the unit-cell volume Vand the radius r_A of a certain cation such as A: V = (a + br_A)(r_X + r_A)~3 (a and b are constants). (2) For binary isostructural compounds A_mX_p, the above relation is reduced to V = k(r_X + r_A)~3 (k is a constant). (3) For binary isostructural compounds the relation between V and r_A~3 is approximatelylinear, and for multiple compounds, it is often curvilinear but still approximately linear whenthe variation of r_A is slight. As another approximation, a linear relation also exists betweenV and r_A for isostructural compounds. (4) The relation of ce1l-edge a vs. r_A is linear for binary isostructural compounds. Butno such a good linear relation exists fo     

PACKING OF IONS IN SILICATE GLASSES

Any silicate glass can be regarded as the relaxation of SiO_2 glass and the volumeis composed of two parts. One is the topological volume of O~(2-), which is equal to thevolume per oxygen of SiO_2 glass, the other is the topological volumes of cations. Thetopological volume of a monovalent cation equals the volume shared by each sphere indense haphazard packing of equal spheres of the cation's size. The charges of bivalentcations cause a decrease of volume, the decrement being the packing volume of Ca~(2+). Anequation is reached for the calculation of the volume per oxygen of silicate glasses. Alot of calculations show that the equation is accurate, so accurate that the densities canbe calculated. The study reveals some characters of the glass structure and clearly ex-presses the contributions of various cations to the volumes of glasses.     

碳酸盐碳,氧稳定同位素微量测试方法的研究

本文简要叙述了微量碳酸盐样品碳，氧稳定同位素测试对于古海洋学研究的重要性，着重介绍了该方法的原理，制样过程以及质谱测量，同时还介绍了微量测试几个方面的试验工作，并对影响微量测试的几种因素进行了探讨。     

FABRIC-FACIES AND FABRIC-ROCK-TYPES OF REEFS

Two new concepts concerning the sedimentary petrology of reefs. fabric-facies and fabric-rock-types, are proposed in this paper. According to the author's study, 12 types of fab-ric can be recognized in recent and ancient reefs. The author suggests that reefal rocks canbe classified into 12 fabric-rock-types according to their fabric, and that reefs can be dividedinto different fabric-facies according to their fabric. The fabric-facies analysis of reefs isthe basis for understanding the sedimentary environment, porosity evolution, reservoir charac-teristics, distribution and development of reefs.     

石墨炉原子吸收法连续测定气溶胶中重金属

提出了用石墨炉原子吸收法连续测定气溶胶中六种重金属的方法.气溶胶样品经处理后,直接用石墨炉原子吸收法测定其中的铜、钴、镍、镐、铅和铬.其检出限在 1.9×10~(-12)～1.6×10~(-10)g,仪器的精密度(RSD)<6.1%,标准加入回收率为90.4%～106.5%,已用于大批气溶胶样品的测定,结果令人满意.