Nonlinear free vibration of spinning cylindrical shells with arbitrary boundary conditions

The aim of the present study is to investigate the nonlinear free vibration of spinning cylindrical shells under spinning and arbitrary boundary conditions. Artificial springs are used to simulate arbitrary boundary conditions. Sanders' shell theory is employed, and von Kármán nonlinear terms are considered in the theoretical modeling. By using Chebyshev polynomials as admissible functions, motion equations are derived with the Ritz method. Then, a direct iteration method is used to obtain the nonlinear vibration frequencies. The effects of the circumferential wave number, the boundary spring stiffness, and the spinning speed on the nonlinear vibration characteristics of the shells are highlighted. It is found that there exist sensitive intervals for the boundary spring stiffness, which makes the variation of the nonlinear frequency ratio more evident. The decline of the frequency ratio caused by the spinning speed is more significant for the higher vibration amplitude and the smaller boundary spring stiffness.     

新型五甲川吡喃鎓盐染料的合成及锁模性能

合成了６ 种五甲川吡喃鎓盐染料，通过红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱及元素分析确证了其结构． 研究了其电子吸收光谱及其在Ｎｄ３ ＋ ：ＹＡＧ激光器上的锁模性能． 结果表明，染料在１ ，２二氯乙烷溶液里最大吸收波长在１０５２ ～１０９５ ｎｍ 之间，６ 个染料全部锁模成功，脉宽为２８ ～３５ ｐｓ，锁模情况比镍络硫代双烯型染料ＢＤＮ 好．     

嵌入式超声传感器的混凝土损伤非线性检测研究*

对建筑结构在其生命周期中的损伤状态进行实时监测十分重要,借助埋在混凝土构件内部的压电传感器对结构进行无损检测是一种新型的检测手段。本文将压电传感器嵌入混凝土试件内部,通过超声二次谐波法对信号进行分析处理得到表征材料损伤的非线性参数,以此来监测混凝土的早期强度并对混凝土试件受压和钢筋混凝土梁受弯的不同损伤程度进行检测。结果证明,非线性参数可以反映混凝土养护过程的强度增长情况,也可以表征不同损伤形式下试件的损伤程度。     

入境废物原料浸出液毒性试验方法探讨

在分析入境危险废物浸出毒性试验方法的基础上,针对入境废物原料浸出液毒性试验方法,按照我国对危险废物浸出毒性试验方法基本要求内容,对确定的14种浸出物质试验方法进行了探讨,并将该法有效运用于对入境可用作原料的工业品废物环控指标普查的工作之中。     

A new NND difference scheme of second-order in time and space

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＴｈｅＬａｘ＿ＷｅｎｄｒｏｆｆｓｃｈｅｍｅａｎｄＭａｃＣｏｒｍａｃｋｓｃｈｅｍｅａｒｅｔｗｏｗｅｌｌ＿ｋｎｏｗｎｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｃｅｓｃｈｅｍｅｓｗｈｉｃｈａｒｅｕｔｉｌｉｚｅｄｉｎｎｕｍｅｒｉｃａｌｓｉｍｕｌａｔｉｏｎｏｆｔｈｅｆｌｕｉｄｆｌｏｗｓｇｏｖｅｒｎｅｄｂｙＥｕｌｅｒｏｒＮａｖｉｅｒ＿Ｓｔｏｋｅｓｅｑｕａｔｉｏｎｓ.Ｔｈｅｌｉｍｉｔａｔｉｏｎｏｆｔｈｅｓｅｔｗｏｓｃｈｅｍｅｓａｒｅ:ｗｈｅｎｔｈｅｆｌｏｗｆｉｅｌｄｃｏｎｔａｉｎｓｓｈｏｃｋｓ,ｔｈｅｒｅｗｉｌｌ…     

非结构网格上的迎风有限元格式

在非结构网格上提出一种基于修正积分区域的迎风有限元格式,它与一阶迎风差分格式相当,可应用于构造各种不同的数值格式。     

不同晶粒度螺纹钢的电化学行为及其钝化膜的Mott-Schottky 研究

利用交流阻抗谱和极化曲线研究比较了四组不同晶粒尺寸的螺纹钢在模拟海水液(3.5% NaCl)中短期电化学腐蚀行为; 利用硼酸缓冲液中钝化膜的Mott-Schottky 理论比较了各试样在不同阳极极化电位下的钝化膜的优劣性. 结果表明, 在14 d 的模拟海水短期浸泡期间, 细晶粒螺纹钢在后期表现出较大阻抗值和较小的自腐蚀电流密度, 耐蚀性能优于粗晶粒试样. 在硼酸缓冲液中形成的钝化膜表现出典型的n 型半导体性能, 公共钝化区间为-0.15～0.8 V. 在选取的-0.1, 0.2, 0.5 V 三个不同极化电位下, 细晶粒螺纹钢在硼酸缓冲液中的钝化膜稳定性、耐蚀性弱于粗晶粒螺纹钢. 在0.5 V 的外加电压下试样钝化膜的内层膜消失, 钝化膜的施主浓度最低, 膜最为致密、稳定.     

含萘并二噻吩小分子受体材料的带隙调控及其在非富勒烯太阳能电池中的应用

By using photovoltaic technology, ambient solar light can be directly converted to electricity. The photovoltaic technology has been regarded as one of the most important and promising strategies to resolve the worldwide energy and pollution problems. As one type of photovoltaic technology, polymer solar cells have attracted increasing interest due to their advantages of solution processing capability, low-cost, feasibility to be fabricated on flexible substrates etc. Not until a few years ago, the fullerene derivatives had been dominated the organic photovoltaic field as the most promising acceptor materials for polymer solar cells. However, fullerene-based polymer solar cells have a power conversion efficiency bottleneck due to the relatively fixed energy levels as well as the fixed bandgaps of fullerene derivatives. Therefore, researchers started to develop nonfullerene acceptors which can be used as alternatives to replace the traditional fullerene derivatives. Compared to the fullerene derivatives, nonfullerene acceptors offer several advantages such as stronger light absorption, tunable bandgaps and frontier molecular orbital energy levels. For nonfullerene acceptors, a ladder-type fused ring is usually used as the central core which is an essential building block to tailor the bandgaps and energy levels. Although many fused ring systems have been explored for efficient nonfullerene acceptors, ladder-type angular-shape dithienonaphthalene is seldom reported as the donor unit for nonfullerene acceptors. Furthermore, the impact of thiophene bridge on the optical and photovoltaic properties of the dithienonaphthalene-based nonfullerene acceptors has never been reported. In this context, we report on the design and synthesis of a dithienonaphthalene-based small-molecule acceptor which contains thiophene bridges in between the acceptor terminals and the fused-ring donor core. Compared to the dithienonaphthalene-based small-molecule without the thiophene bridges, the resulting acceptor (DTNIT) exhibits a reduced bandgap of 1.52 eV which makes it more suitable to be blended with the benchmark large bandgap copolymer, poly[(2, 6-(4, 8-bis(5-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophen-2-yl)-benzo[1, 2-b: 4, 5-b']dithiophene))-alt-(5, 5-(1', 3'-di-2-thienyl-5', 7'-bis(2-ethylhexyl)benzo[1', 2'-c:4', 5'-c']dithiophene-4, 8-dione)] (PBDB-T). The reduced band-gap of the resulting nonfullerene acceptor can be attributed to its extended π-conjugation in comparison with the dithienonaphthalene-based acceptor without the thiophene bridges. Inverted polymer solar cells with a device configuration of indium tin oxide/ZnO/PBDB-T:DTNIT/MoO₃/Ag were fabricated and characterized. Polymer solar cells based on PBDB-T:DTNIT showed an open circuit voltage of 0.91 V, an enhanced short circuit current of 14.42 mA∙cm⁻², and a moderate PCE of 7.05% which is comparable to the PCE of 7.12% for the inverted device based on PBDB-T:PC₇₁BM. Our results not only provide a method to synthesize efficient nonfullerene acceptors with reduced bandgaps, but also offer a bandgap modulation strategy for nonfullerene acceptors.     

基于ADI-FDTD模拟的岩石核磁共振横向弛豫特征分析

将复杂的骨架-孔隙系统抽象成等效双孔介质,根据Bloch方程构建数学模型,用交替隐式时域有限差分(ADI-FDTD)和联合反演迭代法(SIRT)进行横向宏观磁化矢量的数值模拟与核磁共振T₂谱的反演,定量研究扩散系数、弛豫速率、孔隙组分比和孔隙宽度对核磁响应的影响.结果表明:横向宏观磁化矢量衰减速率与扩散系数和微孔隙分量成正比,与孔隙宽度成反比,与表面弛豫速率基本无关.当扩散系数较大、孔隙宽度较小时,核磁共振T₂谱难以直观反映孔隙组分及孔隙结构.应用核磁共振评价孔隙结构时需特别注意扩散系数和孔隙尺寸的影响.     

全息光栅制作光路的比较研究

利用两束平行光相干叠加制作全息光栅具有成本低、易实现的优点。平息光栅的制作作为设计件实验具有灵活、多样性,值得推广。本文根据两束相干平行光产生机理,将全息光栅制作分为分振幅法和分波面法两大类型。在分析比较常见的7种不同光路的基础上,又提出了菲涅尔双面镜、杨氏双缝和洛埃镜法三种光路。这些结果对学生实验和实际全息光栅制造具有指导意义。