二次曝光全息术对微波等离子体推进器羽流的诊断及计算机模拟

二次曝光全息术是诊断等离子体电子数密度的一个有效测量方法,具有非接触式测量及不受等离子体发光干扰等优点.根据阿贝尔变换公式,通过计算机应用matlab程序数值模拟了各种不同电子数密度状态下的等离子体干涉图.同时拍摄了航天器中微波等离子体推进器羽流的二次曝光全息图,再现了不同状态下的干涉图样.通过分析和对比两次干涉图,得出了羽流的电子数密度.     

掺钕磷酸盐激光玻璃的光谱特性

掺钕激光玻璃广泛应用于核聚变、高功率激光放大器和光纤激光器等领域。磷酸盐玻璃热膨胀系数高、热稳定性和化学稳定性差、热机械强度低。通过改变玻璃组分,即添加Al2O3和F2,并改进制备工艺来降低热膨胀系数,除去铂和分子水。测量了磷酸盐玻璃中Nd3+离子的荧光光谱、吸收光谱及玻璃的热膨胀系数。根据吸收光谱计算掺钕磷酸盐激光玻璃的光谱参数。通过对掺钕磷酸盐玻璃的热膨胀系数的实际测量和计算,分析了玻璃的热稳定性。结果表明,在基质玻璃中引入Al2O3使激光玻璃的热膨胀系数可降低到α=38.75×10-7/℃,引入F2既达到了除水的目的又降低了玻璃的声子能量,提高了荧光发射的量子效率,并优化了光谱性能,拓展了掺钕磷酸盐激光玻璃的应用范围。     

CO2置换CH4水合物实验研究进展

全面总结了目前CO2置换CH4水合物中CH4实验研究进展。首先从水合物结构角度出发讨论置换的可能性及置换效率;而后分别从热力学和动力学角度探讨置换反应机理;最后设计并优化了实验系统。作者认为探明置换内在机理是未来置换法开采水合物能源技术发展的关键。     

Progress on tilted axis cranking covariant density functional theory for nuclear magnetic and antimagnetic rotation

Magnetic rotation and antimagnetic rotation are exotic rotational phenomena observed in weakly deformed or near-spherical nuclei, which are respectively interpreted in terms of the shears mechanism and two shearslike mechanism. Since their observations, magnetic rotation and antimagnetic rotation phenomena have been mainly investigated in the framework of tilted axis cranking based on the pairing plus quadrupole model. For the last decades, the covariant density functional theory and its extension have been proved to be successful in describing series of nuclear ground-states and excited states properties, including the binding energies, radii, single-particle spectra, resonance states, halo phenomena, magnetic moments, magnetic rotation, low-lying excitations, shape phase transitions, collective rotation and vibrations, etc. This review will mainly focus on the tilted axis cranking covariant density functional theory and its application for the magnetic rotation and antimagnetic rotation phenomena.     

Spin gunn effect

We predict that the flow of unpolarized current in electron-doped GaAs and InP at room temperature is unstable at high electric fields to the dynamic formation of spin-polarized current pulses. Spin-polarized current is spontaneously generated because the conductivity of a spin-polarized electron gas differs from that of an unpolarized electron gas, even in the absence of spin-orbit interaction. Magnetic fields are not required for the generation of these spin-polarized current pulses, although they can help align the polarization of sequential pulses along the same axis.     

多频信号的自适应随机共振检测方法

针对系统输入端待测信号为低频与中高频情形,分别建立了多频信号的自适应随机共振检测方法,即通过分析待测输入信号的频率特性和信号并行输入个数,对于低频信号,固定步长,自动调节系统参数;对于中高频信号,利用外加周期信号的频率,选取合适的测量指标来衡量随机共振现象的发生,并且寻求最优系统参数,在随机共振输出信号频域中提取待测信号的频率.与传统的自适应随机共振信号检测方法相比,采用色噪声,更符合实际背景,更精确地提取待测信号的频率.仿真结果与分析的一致,表明方法有效可行,有良好的应用前景.     

溶剂调控布洛芬乙烯酯酶促水解的立体选择性的热力学研究

采用高效液相色谱研究了不同溶剂体系中褶皱假丝酵母菌脂肪酶（CRL）催化布洛芬乙烯酯水解反应的立体选择性.研究发现,在单一溶剂体系中Eyring曲线呈线性,在10~50 ℃的实验温度内均呈S选择性;在混合溶剂体系中Eyring曲线呈非线性,且观察到不同的转变温度（T_inv）.研究还发现：在亲水性有机溶剂二氧六环/水均相混合溶剂体系中,Eyring曲线的T_inv处立体选择性E 值为极小值,在疏水性有机溶剂异辛烷/水两相混合溶剂体系中,T_inv处E 值为极大值,而在氯仿/水两相混合溶剂体系中,随着温度的变化,立体选择性发生了反转.     

二酯基连接链乙基头基季铵盐Gemini表面活性剂的合成及性质

以长链溴代烷、二乙胺、氯乙酰氯和乙二醇为原料合成了5种新型二酯基连接链乙基头基季铵盐双子表面活性剂Gemini C10,Gemini C12,Gemini C14,Gemini C16,Gemini C18(尾链碳原子数依次为10,12,14,16,18),并研究了它们的表面性能和聚集体形态.结果显示,Gemini C10的临界胶束浓度(cmc)在20～40℃间随着温度升高而减小,而其他4种Gemini表面活性剂的cmc却随温度升高而增大;25℃时Gemini C10～C18在cmc时的表面张力随疏水链长度的增加呈降低趋势;Gemini产物在较高浓度下有囊泡聚集体形成,尺寸为40～200nm.