纳米TiO2-Cu2O复合膜的制备及其荧光性质的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法在石英玻璃上提拉镀TiO2薄膜,在450℃下灼烧2h。然后用化学沉积法在已制备的TiO2膜上镀一层Cu2O薄膜。用扫描电子镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM和HRTEM)、紫外-可见分光光度计(UV-Vis)、X射线衍射(XRD)等手段对纳米TiO2-Cu2O复合膜进行表征。结果表明,所制备的复合膜是由10nm左右的颗粒组成的,且表面比较均匀。还发现该复合膜吸收了约60%的紫外光和几乎全部的近紫外光,而在可见光部分的透射率却明显提高。另外,又用荧光光谱仪检测了在不同波长光激发下的荧光现象。研究表明,纳米TiO2-Cu2O复合膜的光学性质发生了很大的变化。     

Study on an improved five-interferogram phase-shifting algorithm

Using traditional five-interferogram algorithm to unwrap phase for length measurement, the phase steps must be equal to π/2 exactly, but it is almost impossible to achieve in nanometer positioning technique.Aiming to overcome this defect of traditional five-interferogram algorithm, an improved five-interferogram algorithm is presented.This improved algorithm not only keeps the high accuracy of traditional five-interferogram algorithm, but also does not need absolute equal step to unwrap phase.Instead, this algorithm only needs measuring phase-shifting.With the numerical simulation, the improved five-interferogram algorithm shows high accuracy, high reliability, and feasibility in practice.It is very valuable for accurate length measurement with Fizeau interferometer and Fabry-Perot interferometer.     

外螺旋槽管污垢特性的实验研究

本文采用污垢热阻动态监测方法,考察了冷水硬度、温度、流速及几何参数对外螺旋槽管污垢特性的影响,结果表明:螺旋槽管参数对污垢热阻有显著影响,螺距最小的螺旋槽管具有最小的污垢热阻,当螺距增大时,污垢热阻的增长未出现单调变化;温度的升高导致污垢热阻的增大,并且随温度的升高,结垢速率增大,污垢诱导期趋于消失;随着流速的增大,螺...     

Phenoxyaromatic Acid Analogues as Novel Radiotherapy Sensitizers: Design,Synthesis and Biological Evaluation

Radiotherapy is a vital approach for brain tumor treatment. The standard treatment for glioblastoma (GB) is maximal surgical resection combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. However, the non-sensitivity of tumor cells in the hypoxic area of solid tumors to radiotherapy may cause radioresistance. Therefore, radiotherapy sensitizers that increase the oxygen concentration within the tumor are promising for increasing the effectiveness of radiation. Inspired by hemoglobin allosteric oxygen release regulators, a series of novel phenoxyacetic acid analogues were designed and synthesized. A numerical method was applied to determine the activity and safety of newly synthesized compounds. In vitro studies on the evaluation of red blood cells revealed that compounds 19c (∆P₅₀ = 45.50 mmHg) and 19t (∆P₅₀ = 44.38 mmHg) improve the oxygen-releasing property effectively compared to positive control efaproxiral (∆P₅₀ = 36.40 mmHg). Preliminary safety evaluation revealed that 19c exhibited no cytotoxicity towards HEK293 and U87MG cells, while 19t was cytotoxic toward both cells with no selectivity. An in vivo activity assay confirmed that 19c exhibited a radiosensitization effect on orthotopically transplanted GB in mouse brains. Moreover, a pharmacokinetic study in rats showed that 19c was orally available.     

Asymptotic Normality for Plug-In Estimators of Generalized Shannon’s Entropy

Shannon’s entropy is one of the building blocks of information theory and an essential aspect of Machine Learning (ML) methods (e.g., Random Forests). Yet, it is only finitely defined for distributions with fast decaying tails on a countable alphabet. The unboundedness of Shannon’s entropy over the general class of all distributions on an alphabet prevents its potential utility from being fully realized. To fill the void in the foundation of information theory, Zhang (2020) proposed generalized Shannon’s entropy, which is finitely defined everywhere. The plug-in estimator, adopted in almost all entropy-based ML method packages, is one of the most popular approaches to estimating Shannon’s entropy. The asymptotic distribution for Shannon’s entropy’s plug-in estimator was well studied in the existing literature. This paper studies the asymptotic properties for the plug-in estimator of generalized Shannon’s entropy on countable alphabets. The developed asymptotic properties require no assumptions on the original distribution. The proposed asymptotic properties allow for interval estimation and statistical tests with generalized Shannon’s entropy.     

Lattice Boltzmann study of the interaction between a single solid particle and a thin liquid film

The isothermal single-component multi-phase lattice Boltzmann method(LBM) combined with the particle motion model is used to simulate the detailed process of liquid film rupture induced by a single spherical particle.The entire process of the liquid film rupture can be divided into two stages.In Stage 1,the particle contacts with the liquid film and moves into it due to the interfacial force and finally penetrates the liquid film.Then in Stage 2,the upper and lower liquid surfaces of the thin fi...     

Assessment of AI-Based Protein Structure Prediction for the NLRP3 Target

The recent successes of AlphaFold and RoseTTAFold have demonstrated the value of AI methods in highly accurate protein structure prediction. Despite these advances, the role of these methods in the context of small-molecule drug discovery still needs to be thoroughly explored. In this study, we evaluated whether the AI-based models can reliably reproduce the three-dimensional structures of protein–ligand complexes. The structure we chose was NLRP3, a challenging protein target in terms of obtaining a three-dimensional model both experimentally and computationally. The conformation of the binding pockets generated by the AI models was carefully characterized and compared with experimental structures. Further molecular docking results indicated that AI-predicted protein structures combined with molecular dynamics simulations offers a promising approach in small-molecule drug discovery.     

结构优化技术在高速飞行器上的应用与面临的挑战 1)

高速飞行器是航空航天领域发展的重要方向,具有重大战略意义和重要经济社会价值。首先,对结构优化技术及其在飞行器零部件和全机结构概念设计中的应用进行综述;然后,根据典型使用环境和设计要求,总结高速飞行器结构设计中存在的主要问题和应用需求,着重介绍近年来在高速飞行器零部件和全机结构概念设计中应用结构优化技术的典型案例;最后,提出近期亟待突破或完善的结构优化技术。结构优化技术与设计经验相结合带来设计理念的变革,将成为先进飞行器设计的必备工具和标准流程。面向重大需求的结构优化理论研究与工程实践对提升我国航空航天核心竞争力具有重要价值。     

高层建筑标准模型风洞测压和测力试验研究

CAARC高层建筑标准模型是国际上通用的风工程标准模型之一,用来检验各个模拟自然风的风洞试验结果,以确保风洞试验测量数据的可信度。本研究使用缩尺比为1：300的CAARC模型,在同济大学TJ-2建筑风洞中进行了B类和D类地面粗糙度风场下的刚性测压试验和高频动态天平试验。在刚性测压试验中测量了建筑模型表面在不同风速和风向角下的平均风压系数,并与国外风洞机构的试验数据进行了对比分析。在高频动态天平试验中,不同风向角下的结构气动力系数和顶点位移被给出,并同样与国外风洞机构进行了对比。风洞试验结果表明：TJ-2风洞能较好地模拟大气边界层风场,且风场品质较好;试验技术可靠,所测得的试验数据具有较高的精度。     

Spectrophotometric determination of thorium as molybdothoric acid with basic dyes

Color developments based on the ion-association complexes of molybdothoric acid with three basic dyes (BD), rhodamine B(RB), butylrhodamine B(BRB) and nile blue (NB), were investigated in aqueous acidic solution in the presence of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA). Their spectrophotometric behavior, such as the conditions suitable for the reactions and the effects of foreign ions, were thoroughly studied. The ThMoBD ratio in the complexes was found to be 1123. Their absorption maxima were at 570, 570 and 590 nm with apparent molar absorptivities of 3.50 × 10^–6, 3.63 × 10⁶ and 4.45 × 10⁶ dm³ mol^–1 cm^–1, respectively. Beer's law was obeyed up to 0.8, 0.8 and 0.7 g thorium per 25 ml, respectively. The detection limits (3) were 1.1, 1.8 and 3.4 ng ml^–1, respectively, and for 0.02 ug ml^–1 solution of thorium the relative standard deviations were 3.0, 2.9 and 1.5%, respectively (n = 11). The proposed methods were applied to the determination of trace amounts of thorium in some geological samples.