Cr 助剂对 Fe 基催化剂结构和费托合成性能的影响

 采用 N2 吸附-脱附、X 射线衍射、穆斯堡尔谱、X 射线光电子能谱、程序升温还原和热重分析等技术研究了助剂 Cr 含量对 Fe 基费托合成催化剂的织构性质、还原行为以及物相变化的影响. 在 H2/CO = 2.0, 260~300 oC, 1.5 MPa 和 2 000 ml/(g•h) 条件下, 在固定床反应器中考察了 Cr 含量对 Fe 基催化剂费托合成反应活性和产物烃选择性的影响. 结果表明, 在氧化态催化剂中, Cr 助剂与 Fe 物相存在较强的相互作用, 形成固溶体相 α-(Cr1-xFex)2O3; 随着 Cr 含量的增加, 逐渐由单一的富 Fe 相 α-(Fe1-xCrx)2O3 向富 Fe 相和富 Cr 相 α-(Cr1-yFey)2O3 两相过渡. Fe-Cr 固溶体的生成显著抑制了催化剂的还原, 导致催化剂还原度降低, 因而催化剂活性下降. 同时, Cr 的添加提高了甲烷和轻质烃选择性, 但抑制了水煤气变换活性.     

Reparation of silica/poly(methacrylic acid)/poly(divinylbenzene-co-methacrylic acid) tri-layer microspheres and the corresponding hollow polymer microspheres with movable silica core

 Hollow poly(divinylbenzene-co-methacrylic acid) (P(DVB-co-MAA)) microspheres were prepared by the selective dissolution of the non-crosslinked poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) mid-layer in ethanol from the corresponding silica/PMAA/P(DVB-co-MAA) tri-layer hybrid microspheres, which were afforded by a three-stage reaction. Silica/PMAA core-shell hybrid microspheres were prepared by the second-stage distillation polymerization of methacrylic acid (MAA) via the capture of the oligomers and monomers with the aid of the vinyl groups on the surface of 3-(methacryloxy)propyl trimethoxysilane (MPS)-modified silica core, which was prepared by the Stöber hydrolysis as the first stage reaction. The tri-layer hybrid microspheres were synthesized by the third-stage distillation precipitation copolymerization of functional MAA monomer and divinylbenzene (DVB) crosslinker in presence of silica/PMAA particles as seeds, in which the efficient hydrogen-bonding interaction between the carboxylic acid groups played as a driving force for the construction of monodisperse hybrid microspheres with tri-layer structure. The morphology and the structure of silica core, silica/PMAA core-shell particles, the tri-layer hybrid microspheres and the corresponding hollow polymer microspheres with movable silica cores were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).     

“四环递进”教学法在农科高等数学教学中的尝试

简要介绍在中学理科教学中广泛使用的一种方法——"四环递进"教学法.结合教学实际,阐述在农科院校高等数学教学中应用该方法的必要性与可行性.通过实例说明如何使用该方法,并通过实际数据说明该方法在高等数学教学中的有效性.     

三波长-分光光度法测定大叶落地生根中总黄酮的含量

以木犀草素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷为对照品、AlCl3作为显色剂,建立了三波长分光光度法测定大叶落地生根中总黄酮含量的方法。结果显示,总黄酮在0~0.01g/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数r=0.9999,平均回收率为101.4%,RSD=3.7%(n=4)。该方法可校正混浊背景倾斜度的影响,消除重叠吸收曲线的干扰,适用于植物中总黄酮的测定。     

MgB_2和Mg_(0.93)Li_(0.07)B_2的电阻率与霍尔效应研究

测量了MgB2 和Mg0 .93Li0 .0 7B2 的电阻率 ρ(T)与霍尔系数RH(T)的温度依赖关系 .电阻率的测量结果表明 ,MgB2 和Mg0 .93Li0 .0 7B2 的正常态电阻率与温度有平方的依赖关系 .MgB2 和Mg0 .93Li0 .0 7B2 的超导转变温度几乎相同 .霍尔系数的测量结果表明 ,MgB2 和Mg0 .93Li0 .0 7B2 的载流子类型为空穴型 ,二者的霍尔系数都随温度升高而减小 ,且Mg0 .93Li0 .0 7B2 的霍尔系数比MgB2 略有减小 ,这可能与Li掺杂引入空穴有关 .二者的霍尔角都与温度平方呈线性关系 .     

Detection of alkanolamines in liquid cement grinding aids by HPLC coupled with evaporative light scattering detector

Triethanolamine (TEA), triisopropanolamine (TIPA), diethanol isopropanolamine (DEIPA) are necessary cement additives, and knowing their contents is needed for quality control and also to understand final properties of the cement. Whether it is the production of grinding aids, technical research and development or application research all involve the detection of grinding aids. This work developed a simple analytical technique for the simultaneous analysis of these alkanolamines in liquid cement grinding aids using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) combined with evaporative light scattering detection (ELSD). HPLC was conducted by an XBridge C18 column (with dimensions 4.6 × 250 mm and 5 µm particles) using methanol and 0.1% trichloroacetic acid as mobile elution phases. The ELSD sprayer and drift tube temperatures were 60 ºC and 90 ºC, respectively. HPLC-ELSD developed in this work demonstrated 1) high sensitivity with limits of detection for the three analytes are 0.15, 0.54, 1.04 µg/mL; 2) good linearity with correlation coefficients equal to 0.997–0.999 over the tested concentration range; 3) excellent repeatability with intra- and interday coefficient of variation (CV) below 2.71% and 4, satisfactory accuracy with recovery in the 95.5%–100.8% range. This novel method is a powerful, time- and costeffective tool for alkanolamine analyses and quality control.     

Cu-Ni-Al尖晶石催化甲醇重整制氢:Al含量的影响

采用固相球磨法制备了Al含量不等的Cu-Ni-Al三元尖晶石固溶体催化剂，通过BET、XRD、H₂-TPR、XPS表征和催化性能评价，研究了Al含量对Cu-Ni-Al尖晶石的物化性质和甲醇制氢缓释催化性能的影响。结果表明，恒定Cu：Ni（molar ratio）=0.95：0.05，增加Al含量时（Al=2、3、4），所得催化剂的比表面积和孔体积都明显增大，且尖晶石晶胞常数和晶粒尺寸均减小，催化剂也变得难以还原。进一步研究发现，随着Al含量增加，尖晶石Ni²⁺含量略微增加，但尖晶石Cu²⁺含量大幅降低，因此，尖晶石结构中Cu²⁺和Ni²⁺的总量降低，表明Ni²⁺的存在抑制了Cu²⁺进入尖晶石结构。表面分析结果证实，Al含量增加导致催化剂表面由富Cu转变为富Al，表层尖晶石Cu²⁺含量降低，但仍高于体相含量。评价结果显示，随着Al含量增加，反应初始活性增大，CO选择性降低，但Al过量太多时催化稳定性降低，综合来说，Al=3的催化剂表现出较好的催化性能。结果表明，对于Cu-Ni-Al尖晶石缓释催化剂，存在最佳Al含量，对催化稳定性起到关键作用。     

Nuclear Fermi Motion Effect on Pion Double Charge Exchange

The influence of nuclear Fermi motion on the conventional mechanism of pion double charge exchange (DCX) is examined.Concrete calculations of the 0° excitation function over the energy region 0—300MeV are performed for the double isobaric analog DCX transition on ¹⁴C.The calculated results coincide very well with the experimental data for the energies above 100MeV,but are about a factor of 2—3 smaller than the experimental data around 50MeV.It indicates that the pure conventional mechanism seems incapable to fully explain the anomalous behavior of the low energy DCX,and some new mechanisms are needed.     

竹红菌乙素对人红细胞膜蛋白荧光猝灭机理的研究

本文利用人红细胞膜蛋白内源荧光(主要指色氨酸),经加入不同的竹红菌乙素之后,引起了荧光猝灭现象,根据荧光猝灭原理分别从吸收光谱,荧光光谱,稳态变温实验和瞬态荧光等技术分析了上述的猝灭过程,实验证明:该猝灭是以动态碰撞过程为主要作用机理,据此作者提出了乙素可以用于生物膜体系的蛋白质荧光猝灭剂的理由。     

4, 5-二(2', 4'-二硝基苯硫基)-1, 3-二杂环戊烯-2-酮(BNPT-DTO), 4, 5-二(2', 4'-二硝基苯硫基)-1, 3-二杂环戊烯-2-硫酮(BNPT-DTT)分子及晶体激光倍频性质的理论研究

在ZINDO方法的基础上, 按完全态求和公式编制了计算分子的二阶非线性光学系数张量元βijk的程序, 并以此为基础计算了BNPT-DTO, BNPT-DTT分子二次谐波条件下的二阶非线性光学系数, 从分子水平研究了其分子的光学倍频性质及分子倍频与晶体宏观倍频的关系, 计算结果较好地说明了实验现象。