加热方式对真空冷冻干燥热质传递机理的影响

1引言真空冷冻干燥（简称真空冻干）是多孔介质在低温低压下相变界面移动的耦合传热传质过程，其数学模型带有典型的非线性，难于精确求解［‘，2］。从应用上而言，真空冻干具有设备投资高，能耗大，干燥时间长的缺点。能量的供应即加热方式、升华水汽的流动条件、物料的输运性质是影响真空冻干性能的主要因素间。本文以牛肉的真空冷冻干燥过程为例，建立过程的非稳态数学模型，利用数值求解的结果，结合实验分析，研究了通过千层的辐射加热和通过冻结层的导热加热条件下真空冻干过程中传热传质的机理，分析了加热方式对缩短干燥时间的影响…     

利用复合色彩转换膜实现白色有机电致发光

利用蓝色有机发光二极管激发荧光色彩转换膜的方法,制备了一种新型的白色有机电致发光器件.蓝色有机发光二极管的发光层采用在4,4′-Bis(carbazol-9-yl)biphenyl(CBP)主体中掺杂高效蓝色荧光染料N-(4-((E)-2-(6-((E)-4-(diphenylamino)styryl)naphthalen-2-yl)vinyl)phenyl)-N-phenylbenzenamine(N-BDAVBi)来制备.有机/无机复合色彩转换膜是将有机荧光颜料VQ-D25和无机荧光粉钇铝石榴石(YAG)按一定的重量比均匀分散到-[CH3CH2COOCH3]n-(PMMA)中经涂敷、固化而成.通过与单纯有机或无机色彩转换膜的比较及调整复合转换膜本身的厚度和荧光颜料的掺杂比例来优化白光器件的发光光谱,获得了色稳定性较高的白色有机电致发光器件.当驱动电压由6V升至14V时,器件的色坐标仅在(0.354,0.304)和(0.357,0.312)之间变化,其最高电流效率约为5.8cd/A(4.35mA/cm2),最高亮度为16800cd/m2(14V).     

Particle-number-conserving analysis of multiquasiparticle bands in ~(177)Lu

The experimental one-, three-, and five-quasiparticle bands in ~(177)Lu are analyzed by the particle-number conserving (PNC) method for treating the cranked shell model with pairing interaction, in which the blocking effects are taken into account exactly. The experimental moments of inertia are reproduced very well by PNC calculations with us free parameter.     

基于多尺度总体最小二乘的图像去噪

提出了一种基于多尺度总体最小二乘的图像去噪算法.采用平稳小波变换对噪音图像进行分解,分别对各个分解层的高频子带,通过总体最小二乘算法估计信号小波系数;并且考虑到不同尺度小波系数之间的相关性,将尺度相关性约束到总体最小二乘算法中,进而准确估计各高频子带信号小波系数,再由估计的信号小波系数通过小波逆变换得到去噪图像.实验结果表明,考虑尺度间相关性的总体最小二乘平稳小波变换图像去噪算法能有效去除图像噪音,在信噪比和视觉质量上有了较大改善.     

短脉冲激光与介质相互作用的扩散模型

推导了扩散近似方程,通过半无限大均匀介质计算,用扩散理论分析解验证了数值方法的有效性.模拟了光在非均匀介质内的传输过程,给出了介质内光通量随时间变化的空间分布.结果表明,该基于扩散模型的数值方法能够模拟短脉冲光在强散射介质中的传播过程以及漫散射光的时间变化特性,并且借助于光通量空间分布能够准确模拟非均匀介质内内含物的位置.     

Generation of Intense THz Pulsed Lasers Pumped Strongly by CO2 Pulsed Lasers

A theoretical method dealing with two intense laser fields interacting with a three-level molecular system is proposed. A discussion is presented on the properties of the solutions for time-independent and time-dependent absorption coefficients and gain coefficient on resonance for strong laser fields, based on analytic evaluation of the rate equations for a homogeneously broadened, three-level molecular system. The pump intensity range can be estimated according to the analytic expression of pump saturation intensity. The effects of pulse width, gas pressure and path length on the energy absorbed from pump light are studied theoretically. The results can be applied to the analysis of pulsed, optically pumped terahertz lasers.     

不同煤级煤的Raman谱特征及与XRD结构参数的关系

11种Cdaf在57.58%～94.01%的不同变质程度煤的拉曼光谱实验表明不同变质程度煤的拉曼光谱一级模都存在两个明显的振动峰,分别为较为宽缓的D峰(1 340～1 380 cm-1)和相对较为尖锐的G峰(1 580～1 600 cm-1)。将800～1 800 cm-1范围的谱图拟合为两个洛仑兹峰,每个峰的峰位置,峰强度以及半峰宽等拉曼参数与碳含量的相关关系分析结果显示：D峰位置和G峰位置随碳含量的增加分别向低波数和高波数区域移动;两峰的峰位差随碳含量的增加而增加;两峰的半峰宽FWHM-D,FWHM-G及两峰强度比I_D/I_G在碳含量75％～94％范围内与碳含量线性相关。发现XRD分析获得的d002和L_c与拉曼谱中的G峰位置及半峰宽存在着良好的相关性。与X射线衍射得到的晶粒尺寸L_a值相关性分析表明用Cancado公式和KW公式对L_a进行估算均是不合理的。     

Signal Analysis by New Mother Wavelets

Based on the general formula for finding qualified mother wavelets [Opt. Lett. 31 （2006） 407] we make wavelet transforms computed with the newly found mother wavelets （characteristic of the power 2n） for some optical Gaussian pulses, which exhibit the ability to measure frequency of the pulse more precisely and clearly. We also work with complex mother wavelets composed of new real mother wavelets, which offer the ability of obtaining phase information of the pulse as well as amplitude information. The analogy between the behavior of Hermite Gauss beams and that of new wavelet transforms is noticed.     

Enhanced Spin Depolarization and Storage Time in a Rb Vapor

The experiment of measuring the spin depolarized time and light storage time in a Rb vapor under different conditions is performed. Typically, these measurements are accomplished in three different containers： atoms in a bare glass cell, atoms in a buffer gas cell, and atoms in a tetracontane （C4oH82） coating cell. The increasing depolarization and storage times are observed in both the buffer gas cell and the tetracontane coating cell. In the latter case, a storage time greater than 400μs is obtained.     

基于小波变换的木材近红外光谱去噪研究

木材近红外光谱常常被一系列噪声所污染,影响光谱分析结果。为了提高近红外光谱分析精度,需要对光谱数据进行预处理。光谱导数可以消除光谱背景干扰和基线漂移等因素影响,提高光谱分辨率,但导数光谱在增强信号的同时,也使信号噪声得到增强。应用小波变换对杉木木材近红外一阶导数光谱进行去噪研究,分别采用9点平滑法、25点平滑法、非线性小波硬阈值和软阈值法、9点平滑+小波变换法和25点平滑+小波变换法对光谱数据进行去噪研究。结果显示, 小波变换能够有效去除导数光谱中的噪声信号,保留光谱中的有效信息,提高光谱信噪比,提高光谱的分析能力,在木材近红外光谱分析中具有很好的应用前景。