全文获取类型
收费全文 | 847篇 |
免费 | 19篇 |
国内免费 | 4篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 481篇 |
晶体学 | 4篇 |
力学 | 22篇 |
数学 | 108篇 |
物理学 | 255篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 14篇 |
2019年 | 11篇 |
2018年 | 8篇 |
2016年 | 16篇 |
2015年 | 11篇 |
2014年 | 21篇 |
2013年 | 23篇 |
2012年 | 35篇 |
2011年 | 45篇 |
2010年 | 25篇 |
2009年 | 20篇 |
2008年 | 33篇 |
2007年 | 42篇 |
2006年 | 52篇 |
2005年 | 43篇 |
2004年 | 24篇 |
2003年 | 22篇 |
2002年 | 25篇 |
2001年 | 19篇 |
2000年 | 17篇 |
1999年 | 9篇 |
1998年 | 5篇 |
1997年 | 15篇 |
1996年 | 12篇 |
1995年 | 15篇 |
1994年 | 7篇 |
1993年 | 15篇 |
1992年 | 12篇 |
1991年 | 7篇 |
1990年 | 8篇 |
1989年 | 8篇 |
1988年 | 9篇 |
1987年 | 7篇 |
1985年 | 16篇 |
1984年 | 13篇 |
1983年 | 13篇 |
1982年 | 14篇 |
1981年 | 15篇 |
1980年 | 9篇 |
1979年 | 9篇 |
1978年 | 13篇 |
1977年 | 9篇 |
1976年 | 15篇 |
1975年 | 9篇 |
1974年 | 8篇 |
1973年 | 7篇 |
1970年 | 4篇 |
1969年 | 5篇 |
1932年 | 5篇 |
1906年 | 5篇 |
排序方式: 共有870条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
Schultz J Gottlieb DM Petersen M Nesic L Jacobsen S Søndergaard I 《Electrophoresis》2004,25(3):502-511
Methods for classification of two-dimensional (2-DE) electrophoresis gels based on multivariate data analysis are demonstrated. Two-dimensional gels of ten wheat varieties are analyzed and it is demonstrated how to classify the wheat varieties in two qualities and a method for initial screening of gels is presented. First, an approach is demonstrated in which no prior knowledge of the separated proteins is used. Alignment of the gels followed by a simple transformation of data makes it possible to analyze the gels in an automated explorative manner by principal component analysis, to determine if the gels should be further analyzed. A more detailed approach is done by analyzing spot volume lists by principal components analysis and partial least square regression. The use of spot volume data offers a mean to investigate the spot pattern and link the classified protein patterns to distinct spots on the gels for further investigation. The explorative approach in analysis of 2-D gels makes it possible, in a fast and convenient way, to screen many gels in order to determine the protein patterns that form clusters and could be selected for further examination. 相似文献
42.
SK Podiyanachari R Fröhlich CG Daniliuc JL Petersen G Kehr G Erker N Suzuki S Yuasa K Hagimori S Inoue T Asada T Takemoto Y Masuyama 《Dalton transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)》2012,41(35):10811-10816
The reaction of η(2)-iminozirconocene chloride complexes with trimethylsilylethynyl lithium leads to rapid C-C coupling at room temperature to yield the corresponding five-membered aza-zirconacycloallenoids. Such compounds were also obtained by trapping of in situ generated zirconocene with alkynyl imines. 相似文献
43.
L de Lichtervelde CE Antal AE Boitano Y Wang P Krastel F Petersen AC Newton MP Cooke PG Schultz 《Chemistry & biology》2012,19(8):994-1000
To identify small molecules that selectively control hematopoietic stem cell differentiation, we performed an unbiased screen using primary human CD34(+) cells. We identified a plant-derived natural product, euphohelioscopin A, capable of selectively differentiating CD34(+) cells down the granulocyte/monocytic lineage. Euphohelioscopin A also inhibits proliferation and induces differentiation of the myeloid leukemia cell lines THP-1 and HL-60. Mechanistic studies revealed that euphohelioscopin A is an activator of protein kinase C (PKC), and that the promonocytic effects of this natural product are mediated by PKC activation. In addition to shedding insights into normal hematopoiesis, this work may ultimately facilitate the application of stem cell therapies to a host of myeloid dysfunctions. 相似文献
44.
The reaction of [SiMe2(C5H4)2][(C5Me5)ZrMe2]2 with H2S at 110°C proceeds with the formation of [SiMe2(C5H4)2][(C5Me5)Zr(-S)]2]2. The molecular structure of this dinuclear zirconocenophane compound features a non-planar four-membered Zr2(-S)2
2 ring with two symmetrically-bridging sulfido groups. The bridging dimethylsilyl-bridged bis(cyclopentadienyl) ligand adopts a skewed orientation to accommodate the long Zr ... Zr separation of 3.611(1) Å. This compound crystallizes in the centrosymmetric space group P1 with refined lattice parameters ofa = 10.905(1) Å,b = 10.939(2) Å,c = 14.621(2) Å, = 106.32(1)°, = 91.25(1)°, = 111.25(1)°,V = 1545.1(8) Å3, calc. = 1.512g/cm3,Z=2. Full-matrix refinement converged with final discrepancy indices of R(F
o = 0.045 andR(F
o) = 0.079 with GOF= 1.60 for 4403 data withF
o > 3(F
o).This paper is dedicated to Professor Larry Dahl, a valued friend and mentor, on the occasion of his 65th birthday and in recognition of his significant fundamental contributions to the field of metal cluster chemistry. May the Goddess Fortuna continue to bring distinction and honor to him and his research endeavors. 相似文献
45.
A simple and versatile pneumatically-operated two-layer rotary valve is described for simultaneous introduction of sample and diversion of analytical streams in flow injection analysis. Examples of application include valve configuration with time-controlled sample volume and with loop-controlled sample volumes in one or two loops; both configurations are useful in routine analyses of samples of highly varying analyte concentrations. The usefulness of the valve for ion-exchange preconcentration procedure is also demostrated. 相似文献
46.
We use molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the structure of the hydrated Na-Nafion membranes. The membrane is "prepared" by starting with the Nafion chains placed on a cylinder having the water inside it. Minimizing the energy of the system leads to a filamentary hydrophilic domain whose structure depends on the degree of hydration. At 5 wt % water the system does not have enough water molecules to solvate all the ions that could be formed by the dissociation of the -SO3Na groups. As a result, the -SO3Na groups aggregate with the water to form very small droplets that do not join into a continuous phase. The size of the droplets is between 5 and 8 A. As the amount of water present in the membrane is increased, the membrane swells, and SO3Na has an increasing tendency to dissociate into ions. Furthermore, a transition to a percolating hydrophilic network is observed. In the percolating structure, the water forms irregular curvilinear channels branching in all directions. The typical dimension of the cross section of these channels is about 10-20 A. Calculated neutron scattering from the simulated system is in qualitative agreement with experiment. In all simulations, the pendant sulfonated perfluorovinyl side chains of the Nafion hug the walls of the hydrophilic channel, while the sulfonate groups point toward the center of the hydrophilic phase. The expulsion of the side chains from the hydrophilic domain is favored because it allows better interaction between the water molecules. We have also examined the probability of finding water molecules around the Na+ and the -SO3(-) ions as well as the probability of finding other water molecules next to a given water molecule. These probabilities are much broader than those found in bulk water or for one ion in bulk water (calculated with the potentials used in the present simulation). This is due to the highly inhomogeneous nature of the material contained in the small hydrophilic pores. 相似文献
47.
The effect of sintering dispersed dispersion and nano-emulsion particles of high molecular weight polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) on a substrate as a function of "melt" time and temperature is described. Folded chain single crystals parallel to the substrate and as ribbons on-edge (with double striations), as well as bands, are produced for longer sintering times; particle merger and diffusion of individual molecules, crystallizing as folded chain, single (or few) molecule,single crystals when "trapped" on the substrate by cooling occur for shorter sintering times. It is suggested the observed structures develop with sintering time, in a mesomorphic melt. The structure of the nascent particles is also discussed. 相似文献
48.
Fang X Li B Petersen E Ji Y Sokolov JC Rafailovich MH 《The journal of physical chemistry. B》2005,109(43):20554-20557
In this paper, we discuss the factors affecting drop evaporation. We found that the droplet morphology at a specific temperature was controlled by the physical properties of the liquid itself, such as the molecular weight, density, diffusion coefficient in air, and heat of vaporization. Two processes are included in drop evaporation: diffusion of liquid molecules into the air (diffusion part) and flow of the liquid molecules from inside the drop to the free outer shell liquid layer within the liquid-vapor interface (evaporation part). The diffusion part remained steady during drying and was not sensitive to the variation of temperature. The evaporation part, however, was an active factor and determined the differences in drop evaporation behaviors. 相似文献
49.
Elhottová D Tríska J Petersen SO Santrůcková H 《Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry》2000,367(2):157-164
Application of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) can significantly improve trace analyses of compounds in complex matrices from natural environments compared to gas chromatography only. A GC-MS/MS technique for determination of poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), a bacterial storage compound, has been developed and used for analysis of two soils stored for up to 319 d, fresh samples of sewage sludge, as well as a pure culture of Bacillus megaterium. Specific derivatization of beta-hydroxybutyrate (3-OH C4:0) PHB monomer units by N-tert-butyl-dimethylsilyl-N-methyltrifluoracetamide (MTBSTFA) improved chromatographic and mass spectrometric properties of the analyte. The diagnostic fragmentation scheme of the derivates tert-butyldimethylsilyl ester and ether of beta-hydroxybutyric acid (MTBSTFA-HB) essential for the PHB identification was shown. The ion trap MS was used, therefore the scan gave the best sensitivity and with MS/MS the noise decreased, so the S/N was better and also with second fragmentation the amount of ions increased compared to SIM. The detection limit for MTBSTFA-HB by GC-MS/MS was about 10(-13) g microL(-1) of injected volume, while by GC (FID) and GC-MS (scan) it was around 10(-10) g microL(-1) of injected volume. Sensitivity of GC-MS/MS measurements of PHB in arable soil and activated sludge samples was down to 10 pg of PHB g(-1) dry matter. Comparison of MTBSTFA-HB detection in natural soil sample by GC (FID), GC-MS (scan) and by GC-MS/MS demonstrated potentials and limitations of the individual measurement techniques. 相似文献
50.