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101.
A stochastic model is developed describing a service system subject to inhomogeneous Poisson interruptions with age dependent interruption periods. By studying the probabilistic flow of the underlying multivariate Markov process, the Laplace transform of the effective service time is explicitly obtained. For general renewal interruptions, only the expected effective service time is derived. As an application, an optimal checkpoint policy is examined for database management. It is shown that an optimal policy maximizing the ergodic availability of the database is to implement a checkpoint as soon as the cumulative uptime of the database reaches a prespecified constantk
*. A computational procedure is then developed for findingk
* and numerical results are exhibited.This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. ECS-8600992 and by the IBM Program of Support for Education in the Management of Information Systems. 相似文献
102.
103.
Claudio C. Silveira Paulo Cesar S. Santos Samuel R. Mendes Antonio L. Braga 《Journal of organometallic chemistry》2008,693(26):3787-3790
A general method for the synthesis of vinylic chalcogenides by nucleophilic and Ni-catalyzed vinylic substitution on vinylic halides by phenyl chalcogenolates is described. The reactions were regio and stereoselective for the nickel catalyzed substitution, and mixture of isomers was observed for some examples in the thermal process in DMF. 相似文献
104.
Tércio de Freitas Paulo Solange de Oliveira Pinheiro Maria Aparecida S. Da Silva Luiz Gonzaga de França Lopes Lucidalva S. Pinheiro Gil F. A. Aquino Márcia Laudelina Arruda Temperini Pedro de Lima Neto Izaura Cirino Nogueira Diógenes 《Electroanalysis》2009,21(9):1081-1089
STM and impedance results of the self‐assembled monolayer (SAM) formed with thionicotinamide (TNA) on gold indicate the presence of defects that increase with the immersion time of the electrode in the TNA solution affecting the SAM electroactivity toward the electron transfer reaction of the cytochrome c metalloprotein and [Fe(CN)6]4? and [Ru(NH3)6]3+ complexes. It was observed that this electroactivity was also affected by the pH of the electrolyte solution. SERS and STM data indicate sulfur coordination to the surface with contribution of the NH2 group. From the dependence of the TNA surface coverage on the temperature and concentration in solution, thermodynamic parameters of adsorption were determined. 相似文献
105.
Global optimization problems involving the minimization of a product of convex functions on a convex set are addressed in
this paper. Elements of convex analysis are used to obtain a suitable representation of the convex multiplicative problem
in the outcome space, where its global solution is reduced to the solution of a sequence of quasiconcave minimizations on
polytopes. Computational experiments illustrate the performance of the global optimization algorithm proposed.
相似文献
106.
Carla Henriques Paulo Eduardo Oliveira 《Statistical Inference for Stochastic Processes》2008,11(1):77-91
Let X
n
, n ≥ 1, be a strictly stationary associated sequence of random variables, with common continuous distribution function F. Using histogram type estimators we consider the estimation of the two-dimensional distribution function of (X
1,X
k+1) as well as the estimation of the covariance function of the limit empirical process induced by the sequence X
n
, n ≥ 1. Assuming a convenient decrease rate of the covariances Cov(X
1,X
n+1), n ≥ 1, we derive uniform strong convergence rates for these estimators. The condition on the covariance structure of the variables
is satisfied either if Cov(X
1,X
n+1) decreases polynomially or if it decreases geometrically, but as we could expect, under the latter condition we are able
to establish faster convergence rates. For the two-dimensional distribution function the rate of convergence derived under
a geometrical decrease of the covariances is close to the optimal rate for independent samples.
相似文献
107.
Gian Paulo G. Freschi Carolina D. Freschi José A. Gomes Neto 《Mikrochimica acta》2008,161(1-2):129-135
Different kinds of modifiers and coatings on the integrated platform of transversely heated graphite atomizer (THGA) have
been tested for the simultaneous determination of two group of elements: the first, the more volatile, formed by arsenic,
bismuth, lead, antimony and selenium; the second, the less volatile, formed by cobalt, chromium, cupper, iron and manganese
in milk by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. Different Rh-modifiers were studied, such as Rh-coated platforms
(Rh), carbide plus rhodium coated platforms (W-Rh, Zr-Rh), carbide-coated platforms (W and Zr) with co-injection of RhCl3, solutions and uncoated platforms with injection of solutions of Pd(NO3)2, Mg(NO3)2, and RhCl3. Milk samples were diluted 1:10 in 1.0% HNO3 and injected into the tube. The mass of modifier deposited and co-injected in the tube and the use of end capped tubes were
also evaluated in order to improve the electrothermal behavior of analytes. Integrated platform pretreated with W plus co-injection
RhCl3 for first group and pretreated with W-Rh for second group were elected. For 20 μL injected samples the analytical curves
in the 5.0–20.0 μg L−1 concentration range have good linear correlation coefficients (r > 0.998). Relative standard deviations (n = 12) are <6% and the calculated characteristic masses are between 5 pg and 62 pg.
Correspondence: Gian Paulo G. Freschi, Faculdade de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados,
PO Box 332, 79.804-970, Dourados-MS, Brazil; Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual Paulista, PO Box 355, 14801-970 Araraquara-SP,
Brazil 相似文献
108.
Archiv der Mathematik - 相似文献
109.
R. S. Neman I. D. Schmitman J. C. Hadler N P. J. Iunes S. R. Paulo S. Guedes 《Radiation measurements》2001,34(1-6):145-148
In this work an assembly for indoor 222Rn measurement is presented. This assembly is made up of two acrylic plates (14 cm×14 cm) separated by a distance of 4 mm. To prevent radon daughters from outside entering the assembly (and produce alpha particle tracks striking the CR-39 detector placed in the central region of one of these plates), the borders of these plates were progressively closed, leaving open only a rectangular aperture of 5 mm×4 mm. The size of this opening was determined experimentally, by exposing in two indoor environments assemblies with different apertures as follows: (i) all borders open; (ii) two borders closed; (iii) three borders closed; (iv) four borders closed but one containing a 6 cm×4 mm opening; (v) four borders closed but one containing a 2.5 cm×4 mm opening and (vi) four borders closed but one containing a 0.5 cm×4 mm opening. Track density shows a noticeable decrease between assembly (i) and assembly (iii), remaining constant for smaller openings. Only 222Rn, a noble gas, should enter the assembly independently of the opening size. 相似文献
110.
Paulo Debiagi Coskun Yildiz Marcel Richter Jochen Ströhle Bernd Epple Tiziano Faravelli Christian Hasse 《Proceedings of the Combustion Institute》2021,38(3):4053-4061
Coal combustion releases elevated amounts of pollutants to the atmosphere including SOX. During the pyrolysis step, sulfur present in the coal is released to the gas phase as many different chemical species such as H2S, COS, SO2, CS2, thiols and larger tars, also called SOX precursors, as they form SOX during combustion. Understanding the sulfur release process is crucial to the development of reliable kinetic models, which support the design of improved reactors for cleaner coal conversion processes. Sulfur release from two bituminous coals, Colombian hard coal (K1) and American high sulfur coal (U2), were studied in the present work. Low heating rate (LHR) experiments were performed in a thermogravimetric analyzer coupled with mass spectrometry (TG-MS), allowing to track the mass loss and the evolution of many volatile species (CO, CO2, CH4, SO2, H2S, COS, HCl and H2O). High heating rate (HHR) experiments were performed in an entrained flow reactor (drop-tube reactor – DTR), coupled with MS and nondispersive infrared sensor (NDIR). HHR experiments were complemented with CFD simulation of the multidimentional reacting flow field. A kinetic model of coal pyrolysis is employed to reproduce the experiments allowing a comprehensive assessment of the process. The suitability of this model is confirmed for LHR. The combination of HHR experiments with CFD simulations and kinetic modeling revealed the complexity of sulfur chemistry in coal combustion and allowed to better understand of the individual phenomena resulting in the formation of the different SOX precursors. LHR and HHR operating conditions lead to different distribution of sulfur species released, highly-dependent on the gas-phase temperature and residence time. Higher retention of total sulfur in char is observed at LHR (63%) when compared to HHR (37–44%), at 1273 K. These data support the development of reliable models with improved predictability. 相似文献