AN IMPROVED ERROR ANALYSIS FOR FINITE ELEMENT APPROXIMATION OF BIOLUMINESCENCE TOMOGRAPHY

This paper is concerned with an ill-posed problem which results from the area of molecular imaging and is known as BLT problem. Using Tikhonov regularization technique, a quadratic optimization problem can be formulated. We provide an improved error estimate for the finite element approximation of the regularized optimization problem. Some numerical examples are presented to demonstrate our theoretical results.     

HIGH ACCURACY ANALYSIS FORINTEGRODIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

1.IntroductionLetfibearectangulardomain.WeconsidertheRichardsonextrapolationanddefectcorrectionofthefiniteelementapproximationstothesolutionsofthefollowingsimpleparabolicintegrodifferentialequationsItiswellknownthattheextrapolationmethodsareveryeffectivenumericalmethodsinproducinghigheraccuracyapproximations.Thistechniqueusedforthefiniteelemelltapproximationstothesolutionsofellipticdifferentialequationshasbeenwelldemonstratedin[l--3,5--7,14--18,22and24].Andthistechniquehasalsobeenconsideredfo…     

Superconvergent derivative recovery for the intermediate finite element family of the second type

In this work, a recovery technique for the intermediate finiteelement family of the second type is proposed and analysed ona second-order elliptic model problem. It is shown that whenthe pollution error is properly controlled, the convergencerate of the recovered gradient is two orders higher than theoptimal global rate on an interior subdomain where rectangularmeshes of regular type are applied. Some numerical results areprovided to confirm the theoretical findings.     

Research on measurement method of selective laser sintering (SLS) transient temperature

During selective laser sintering (SLS), transient temperature has direct effect on prototyping mechanism and quality. The infrared thermograph non-contact testing method is proposed in this paper. The testing results are compared with numerical simulation results. The results indicate that the on-the-spot survey trend agrees with the simulation trend, and the proposed method provides a steady experimental base for selecting sintering parameters and calculating thermophysical parameters reasonably.     

Electrochemical determination of nitrite based on poly(amidoamine) dendrimer-modified carbon nanotubes for nitrite oxidation

This study describes a simple and reliable method for the electrochemical determination of nitrite based on poly(amidoamine)-modified carbon nanotubes. Amine-terminated poly(amidoamine) (generation 4.0, G4-NH₄) were covalently attached onto multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWNT)-modified glass carbon (GC) electrodes (written as G4-NH₄/MWNT-modified GC) and which were used for the electrochemical determination of nitrite. The studies show that the G4-NH₄/MWNT-modified electrodes demonstrated significantly enhanced electrochemical activity towards nitrite oxidation. Chronoamperometry studies reveal that the amperometric response is rapid, stable, and offers a linear dependence over a wide range of nitrite concentrations from 5 μM to 1.5 mM. The proposed method can be used for the continuous monitoring of nitrite in real samples. The electrochemical properties of the G4-NH₄/MWNT nanocomposites are reasonably envisaged to be promising for providing a nanostructured platform in the development of electrochemical sensors or biosensors.     

A Posteriori Error Estimates for Distributed Convex Optimal Control Problems

In this paper, we present an a posteriori error analysis for finite element approximation of distributed convex optimal control problems. We derive a posteriori error estimates for the coupled state and control approximations under some assumptions which hold in many applications. Such estimates, which are apparently not available in the literature, can be used to construct reliable adaptive finite element approximation schemes for control problems. Explicit estimates are obtained for some model problems which frequently appear in real-life applications.     

Evaluation of matrix effects in analysis of estrogen using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

Matrix effects of different biological samples, including phosphate‐buffered saline–bovine serum albumin (PBS‐BSA), gelded horse serum, mouse serum, and mouse brain, were investigated for the determination of 17α‐ and β‐estradiol using derivatization with dansyl chloride prior to LC‐MS/MS. Matrix effects were evaluated based on the slopes of regression lines plotted from results obtained in biological matrices versus pure standard solutions. Such plots indicate the enhancement or suppression of signal based on the presence of a particular biological fluid for a particular method. The matrix effects from PBS‐BSA were similar to those of mouse serum. In contrast, analyses performed from horse serum and mouse brain yielded significant ion suppression, especially for 17β‐estradiol. Precipitation during derivatization was observed when pre‐concentrated samples were processed with ethyl acetate as an extraction solvent. This was overcome with the use of methyl tert‐butyl ether; however, matrix effects from this preparation were still present, evidenced by signal suppression and poor linearity in the standard curve. This work affirms that caution should be taken in the transfer of methods for use with different biological matrices, especially in the case where surrogate matrices are necessary for calibration purposes.     

ANALYSIS OF GROUNDING CHARACTERISTICS AND STRAIN ENERGY OF RADIAL TIRES WITH RADIAL STIFFNESS1)

利用轮胎综合试验机对径向刚度下子午线轮胎进行性能试验,采用正交试验法针对不同胎压、垂向载荷下轮胎的接地特性进行分析,结合仿真软件ABAQUS与试验进行对比。结果表明,橡胶材料Mooney-Rivli模型也具有一定的适用性,胎压增大时径向刚度发生线性变化,胎面印痕由椭圆形转变成近似矩形,印痕面积略微增大;随着胎压的不断增大,胎面印痕的面积显著减小,接触面的压力主要集中在胎肩,胎冠处也有所增加;胎压一定时,垂向载荷逐渐增大时,整个印痕面的应力呈对称分布,印痕面应力由内高外低逐渐向外高内低变化。建立数学模型与有限元软件同时对轮胎进行应变能分析,发现在低胎压150 kPa下受载荷时轮胎容易发生微小侧向位移同时发生变形,此时极易引起迟滞损失并造成应变能急剧增加。     

不同硅铝比的MCM-22分子筛的气相硅烷化处理

对不同硅铝比的MCM-22分子筛进行气相硅烷化处理,并采用X射线衍射、固体核磁、N₂吸附-脱附和甲苯吸附等技术对样品进行了表征. 结果显示,原料硅铝比为50~100的MCM-22分子筛均可以利用气相硅烷化,在不脱除骨架铝的基础上,将Si(OH)₂柱撑结构引入其层间超笼系统,从而使层间距增大,孔体积增加; 将密度泛函理论用于计算硅烷化前后的MCM-22分子筛的N₂吸附等温线,成功得到十元环孔道和超笼体系的比表面积和孔体积,发现气相硅烷化使MCM-22分子筛超笼体系的比表面积和孔体积增大,而十元环孔道减小.另外,气相硅烷化可有效提高不同硅铝比MCM-22分子筛的甲苯平衡吸附量.