Unsymmetrically substituted benzimidazolium based Silver(I)-N-heterocyclic carbene complexes: Synthesis,characterization and in vitro anticancer study against human breast cancer and colon cancer

The promising biomedical applications of silver complexes stimulated the researchers to test these compounds against cancer. The present research work was designed to achieve this goal. In this work, a series of 5-methyl benzimidazole based N-Heterocyclic carbene ligands and respective silver(I) complexes were synthesized and tested on cancer cell lines to assess their anticancer activity. Unsymmetrically substituted benzimidazole was found unique in its reactivity and generation of a single product during NHC ligand formation was only possible after two successive alkylations with same alkyl halide. The corresponding Ag(I)-NHC adducts were obtained by in situ deprotonation of the NHC ligands. Synthesized compounds were characterized by various physcio-chemical and spectroscopic methods. Single crystal X-ray diffraction study of complex 7 revealed its mononuclear structure. Preliminary in vitro anticancer study of azolium salts and respective Ag(I)-NHC complexes against human breast cancer (MDA-MB-231), colon cancer (HCT-116) and normal endothelial cells (EA.hy926) cells revealed that all the compounds are more cytotoxic to cancer cells than normal cells and the complexes are relatively more potent compared to the corresponding NHC ligands. It was found that increased chain length and presence of methyl substituent on benzimidazole ring enhance the biopotency of Ag(I)-NHC complexes. The synthesized compounds were further studied for pro-apoptotic mechanism of action via Rhodamine 123 test. The tested compounds were found to induce apoptosis via extrinsic mitochondrial pathway.     

Rigorous smart model for predicting dynamic viscosity of Al2O3/water nanofluid

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry - Due to the enhanced thermophysical specifications of nanofluids, such as thermal conductivity, these types of fluids are appropriate candidates for...     

Experimental investigation of paraffin nano-encapsulated phase change material on heat transfer enhancement of pulsating heat pipe

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry - In this study, a mixture of nano-encapsulated phase change materials in water has been used as the working fluid in a pulsating heat pipe in order to...     

Synthesis of reduced graphene oxide functionalized with methyl red dye and its role in enhancing photoactivity in TiO2–IL/WO3 composite for toluene degradation

Research on Chemical Intermediates - A nanostructured composite material was produced through sol–gel-assisted ionic liquid (IL) synthesized TiO2, WO3 and functionalized reduced graphene...     

Solar dryers as a promising drying technology: a comprehensive review

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry - Dryers are utilized in food industry and agriculture in order to extend the useful lifespan of corps. Thermal energy is required for water removal in...     

Immersed boundary—thermal lattice Boltzmann method for the moving simulation of non-isothermal elliptical particles

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry - The study is concerned with the understanding of elliptical particles’ transport behavior coupled with heat transfer effects. A combination of...     

Highly Emissive Self‐Trapped Excitons in Fully Inorganic Zero‐Dimensional Tin Halides

The spatial localization of charge carriers to promote the formation of bound excitons and concomitantly enhance radiative recombination has long been a goal for luminescent semiconductors. Zero‐dimensional materials structurally impose carrier localization and result in the formation of localized Frenkel excitons. Now the fully inorganic, perovskite‐derived zero‐dimensional Sn^II material Cs₄SnBr₆ is presented that exhibits room‐temperature broad‐band photoluminescence centered at 540 nm with a quantum yield (QY) of 15±5 %. A series of analogous compositions following the general formula Cs_4?xA_xSn(Br_1?yI_y)₆ (A=Rb, K; x≤1, y≤1) can be prepared. The emission of these materials ranges from 500 nm to 620 nm with the possibility to compositionally tune the Stokes shift and the self‐trapped exciton emission bands.     

Mild and Efficient Synthesis of 1-（6-Chloroquinoxalin-2-yl）-2- [4-（trifluoromethyl）-2,6-dinitrophenyl] Hydrazine Derivatives by Microwave Irradiation

Some 1-（6-chloroquinoxalin-2-yl）-2-[4-（trifluoromethyl）-2,6-dinitrophenyl] hydrazine derivatives have been synthesized via both conventional and microwave assisted organic synthesis（MAOS） methods. The MAOS method is more effective on synthesizing these compounds than the conventional method in regard to the higher chemical yields of products（76%-98%） and the shorter reaction time（1-15 min）.