One-pot synthesis of PDMAEMA nanocapsules for controlled release of hydrophobic cargo

In this work, poly((N,N-dimethyl amino)ethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) homopolymers are synthesized using RAFT technique, which is then used as stabilizers to prepare miniemulsion droplets in a toluene/hexadecane(HD)/1,2-Bis-(2-iodoethyl)ethane(BIEE)/hydrophobic molecule/water mixture. Upon the reaction between BIEE and the stabilizers of miniemulsion droplets, the polymeric nanocapsules are formed and capable of encapsulating hydrophobic molecule in their oil core in one-step reaction. The release of hydrophobic cargo from the nanocapsules can be controlled by the variation of amount of surfactant (Tween®20) in the release medium and a long duration sustained release was achieved.     

多核钕-铝双金属配合物催化丁二烯聚合V.甲基铝氧烷的影响

以外添加的方式,考查了甲基铝氧烷(MAO)对多核钕-铝双金属配合物催化了二烯聚合的影响,并与烷基铝存在下的作用结果相比较.结果表明,MAO用量较低时(n(Al)/n(Nd)在5～20之间),即可较烷基铝更大程度提高稀土配合物的催化活性,获得顺式聚了二烯;MAO的链转移作用较烷基铝的低.     

电子自旋共振作为探针研究卤代溶剂的专属性效应

4-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-1-氧自由基(4-OH-TEMPO)电子自旋共振的超精细耦合常数AN与溶剂极性的微观反应常数ET(30)和溶剂受体数AN呈现线性正相关. 并且在介电常数或偶极矩接近时, 含卤溶剂中超精细耦合常数AN普遍偏高. 除了一般的溶剂效应外, 在含卤溶剂中超精细耦合常数AN偏大的原因与专属性的卤键作用有关. 理论计算结果辅助印证了这一结论.     

太赫兹波在雾中的多重散射特性

太赫兹(THz)波作为微波和毫米波的延伸,它所提供的通信带宽和容量远大于毫米波。在随机介质中传播时,不但会发生时域和空域的形变,介质中的粒子还会对入射波发生散射,这些都会使得脉冲信号发生衰减。根据Mie理论与随机离散分布粒子的波传播与散射理论,计算了THz波信号入射下雾滴粒子的消光系数。结合雾滴粒子谱分布,得到了雾媒质的平均体系散射特性,采用蒙特卡罗法得到了平流雾对THz信号的多重散射特性,计算了THz波段信号对平流雾的透过率与反射率,分析了THz波段信号的前向、后向散射特性随散射角的分布。结果表明,低能见度大气环境中,雾对THz波产生的吸收和衰减不容忽视。相关研究结果对THz在大气传输、通信等方面的应用具有重要意义。     

Enolic Schiff Base Zinc Amide Complexes: Highly Active Catalysts for Ring-Opening Polymerization of Lactide and ε-Caprolactone

A series of zinc silylamido complexes based upon NNO tridentate enolic Schiff base framework have been synthesized and characterized. These complexes were tested for the ring opening polymerization of lactide and ε-caprolactone, exhibiting notably high activity at ambient temperature. The influence of imine bridge length and substituents of diketone over the course of polymerization was investigated in details. Remarkably, 4 a was confirmed to be a rare example of exceedingly active and robust zinc catalysts, achieving major transformation of lactide under extremely low loading(0.025 mol%) within 18 min. The influence of various monomers as well as the polymerization mechanism have also been discussed.     

丁二烯的NdCl3·2Phen-HAl(i-Bu)2催化定向聚合

本文报导了一种新的二元氯化稀土定向聚合催化剂,系由氯化钕邻菲罗啉络合物(NdCl₃·2Phen)与氢化二异丁基铝(HAl(i-Eu)₂)所组成。该体系可在较宽范围内改变聚丁二烯的分子量。本文研究了该体系作用下丁二烯聚合的一般规律,着重考察了影响产物分子量的主要因素,表明HAl(i-Bu)₂是聚合过程中的主要链转移剂,HAl(i-Bu)₂/单体比是控制产物分子量的关键变量,文内对邻菲罗啉络合分子在控制产物分子量过程中可能起的作用进行了讨论。     

An LPCC approach to nonconvex quadratic programs

Filling a gap in nonconvex quadratic programming, this paper shows that the global resolution of a feasible quadratic program (QP), which is not known a priori to be bounded or unbounded below, can be accomplished in finite time by solving two linear programs with linear complementarity constraints, i.e., LPCCs. Specifically, this task can be divided into two LPCCs: the first confirms whether the QP is bounded below on the feasible set and, if not, computes a feasible ray on which the QP is unbounded; the second LPCC computes a globally optimal solution if it exists, by identifying a stationary point that yields the best quadratic objective value. In turn, the global resolution of these LPCCs can be accomplished by a parameter-free, mixed integer-programming based, finitely terminating algorithm developed recently by the authors, which can be enhanced in this context by a new kind of valid cut derived from the second-order conditions of the QP and by exploiting the special structure of the LPCCs. Throughout, our treatment makes no boundedness assumption of the QP; this is a significant departure from much of the existing literature which consistently employs the boundedness of the feasible set as a blanket assumption. The general theory is illustrated by 3 classes of indefinite problems: QPs with simple upper and lower bounds (existence of optimal solutions is guaranteed); same QPs with an additional inequality constraint (extending the case of simple bound constraints); and nonnegatively constrained copositive QPs (no guarantee of the existence of an optimal solution). We also present numerical results to support the special cuts obtained due to the QP connection.     

Almost sure and moment exponential stability of Euler–Maruyama discretizations for hybrid stochastic differential equations

Positive results are derived concerning the long time dynamics of numerical simulations of stochastic differential equation systems with Markovian switching. Euler–Maruyama discretizations are shown to capture almost sure and moment exponential stability for all sufficiently small timesteps under appropriate conditions.