First direct observation of the decay of neutral charmed particles produced by neutrinos in emulsion

Three examples of the production in emulsion by neutrinos and subsequent decay of neutral short-lived particles are reported. The flight times are ≈ 10^?13s, similar in order of magnitude to those previously determined for charged charmed particles in the same experiment.     

A theoretical study of the electronic structure of Pd(111) clean surface

A detailed investigation of the electronic structure of Pd(l 11) clean surface is presented in terms of a LCAO band model. Results including surface bands and local densities of states are given and a comparison with recently performed photoemission experiments is presented. For hω = 21.2 eV we find that the angle resolved distribution curves can be explained in terms of initial state density and k_∥ conserving transitions. For lower photon energies a mixture of bulk transition calculations and surface density of states seems more appropriate. Comparison with previous theoretical work is also presented.     

Introduction of 4(S)-oxazolidineacetic acid, 2-oxo (D-Oxac) motif in a polypeptide chain: synthesis and conformational analysis

A four step synthesis of 4(S)-oxazolidineacetic acid, 2-oxo benzyl ester (D-Oxac-OBn) from L-Asp-OH in 45% overall yield is reported. The formation of by-products is completely avoided, by microwave irradiation and by the use of caesium carbonate as base. Moreover the synthesis and IR and 1H NMR conformational analysis of the tetramers Boc-L-Val-D-Oxac-L-Ala-OBn and Boc-L-Val-D-Oxac-Aib-L-Ala-OBn in solution is reported.     

Constrained stability for biaxial nematic phases

We study the invariance properties of the molecular Hamiltonian interaction put forward by Straley to describe biaxial nematic phases. We show that the reduction to two out of four scalar order parameters, which was accidently remarked upon in the literature, is indeed a rigorous consequence of the Hamiltonian invariance for specific values of the interaction parameters. The stability analysis of the mean-field free energy in the reduction classes for the order parameters reveals a sequence of Landau triple points.     

Full enzymatic hydrolysis of commercial sucrose laurate by immobilized-stabilized derivatives of lipase from Thermomyces lanuginosa

Sucrose laurate is a detergent that is useful for various biochemical applications because it is a green compound and is easily degradable after hydrolysis with a lipase or esterase. One problem observed in the process of sucrose laurate degradation is that most commercial detergent preparations are impure, necessitating the hydrolysis of all of the sucrose esters present in the preparation, all of them with detergent properties. In this article, a highly active catalyst, which is able to perform the hydrolysis of commercial sucrose laurate, is presented. The use of glyoxyl agarose preparations of a previously aminated Thermomyces lanuginosa lipase (TLL) enabled complete hydrolysis, in less than 30 min, of all of the compounds that comprise the mixture. In addition, this derivative is stable in the presence of 20% ethanol, which is necessary to prevent microbial contamination.     

On a Class of Generalized Integrands

Abstract

In the framework of the theory of stochastic integration with respect to a family of semimartingales depending on a continuous parameter, introduced by De Donno and Pratelli as a mathematical background to the theory of bond markets, we analyze a special class of integrands that preserve some nice properties of the finite-dimensional stochastic integral. In particular, we focus our attention on the class of processes considered by Mikulevicius and Rozovskii for the case of a locally square integrable cylindrical martingale and which includes an appropriate set of measure-valued processes.