碳包覆LiFePO4的一步固相法制备及高温电化学性能

Carbon coated LiFePO₄ cathode material was synthesized by one-step solid-state reaction and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission-scanning electron microscope (FESEM). Electrochemical performances of the material as cathode in lithium-ion battery were investigated at medium and elevated temperature (30 and 55 ℃) by galvanostatic charge-discharge and A.C. impedance tests. The results show that carbon coated LiFePO₄ powder exhibits a well-crystallized olivine structure and spherical morphology with an average particle size of about 500 nm. Galvanostatic charge-discharge tests show that the reversible discharge capacity at 1 C and 1.5 C rates was improved from 121 and 105 mAh·g^-1 at 30 ℃ to 136 and 123 mAh·g^-1 at 55℃, respectively, while the enhancement of high temperature on electrochemical performance is less obvious at a rate lower than 0.5 C. Impedance spectra analyses indicate that the cathode material has a remarkably higher lithium-ion diffusivity at 55 ℃ than that at 30 ℃, which improves the electrochemical performance at high temperature.     

凝胶渗透色谱和气相色谱-质谱法测定动物食品中27种有机氯和15种拟除虫菊酯类农药残留量

有机氯农药虽已被世界各国禁止使用,但由于其化学性质稳定和难以降解,在环境中仍然存在有机氯农药残留,并通过食物链的富集作用,造成对食物的污染.     

分子信标用于不对称PCR检测乙型肝炎病毒

为了缓解竞争杂交对分子信标检测的影响，将分子信标与不对称聚合酶链式反应(PCR)联用进行血清中乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)的检测。并采用更为直接的荧光方法，将不对称PCR扩增中的引物浓度比确定为5：1，该结果与电泳方法得到的结果有所不同。文中结合对称及不对称PCR过程中荧光强度的变化情况，对其原因进行了详细的探讨。分子信标与不对称PCR联用，可以专一地检测出血清中HBV的存在，与分子信标／对称PCR相比．其检测效果明显增强。     

溶剂热还原法制备蛋壳状碳材料

Eggshell-like carbon materials with high yields have been synthesized by a solvothermal route in a stainless steel autoclave using metallic zinc and absolute ethanol as starting materials. The products were characterized by X-ray powder diffractometry (XRD)， energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX)， Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The eggshell-like carbon spheres had diameters ranging from 500 nm to 1 μm. The optimal reaction conditions to obtain eggshell-like carbon materials were 600 ℃ and 12 h.     

Application of Short-wave Near-infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy in Controlling Extract of Fructus Cnidii Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

Fructus cnidii （Chinese name shechuangzi） is the fruit produced by Cnidium monnieri （L.） Cusson （Umbelliferae）. It is a perennial herb that is used to treat skin-related diseases and gynecopathyell. Recent pharmacological studies have revealed crude extracts or components isolated from fructus cnidii possess antiallergic, antipruritic, antidermatophytic, antibacterial, antifungal, and antiosteoporotic activities. Osthole and imperatorin are the major compounds present in shechuangzi. They are often used as standards for the evaluation of the quality of shechuangzi products.     

基于共价色谱分离的含半胱氨酸肽段富集策略

多维色谱分离、串联质谱分析技术已在蛋白质组研究中得到广泛应用。然而生物样品的蛋白质以及全酶切肽段具有高度的复杂性,这严重干扰了蛋白质高通量、规模化的分析。通过标签肽段富集进行样品预分离可以降低体系的复杂程度。本文建立了一种基于共价色谱技术选择性分离富集含半胱氨酸肽的方法,从而降低了样品体系的复杂程度。首先以牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的酶切肽段为模型,对富集条件进行了优化和考察,并在此基础上通过5种蛋白质酶切肽段混合物的富集对该方法进行了验证。结果证明此方法的重现性好,富集效率高,富集特异性好,能有效地富集鉴定含半胱氨酸肽段。所建立的方法在复杂体系的蛋白质组研究中具有广泛的应用前景,为复杂样品的蛋白质高通量、自动化、规模化鉴定和定量研究提供了实用技术。     

Molecularly imprinted polymers with assistant recognition polymer chains for bovine serum albumin

A new protein molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) was prepared with grafting polyvinyl alcohol as assistant recognition polymer chains (ARPCs). The ARPCs and acrylamide monomers were interpenetrated and then polymerized on the surface of macroporous acrylate adsorbent spheres. The template BSA was removed by treatment with 2.00 mol L-1 potassium chloride (KCl) solution and the adsorbed proteins were detected with sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). 0.150, 0.500, and 2.00 mo...     

高效毛细管电泳安培法测定海虾中呋喃唑酮的残留量

建立了测定虾中呋喃唑酮残留量的高效毛细管电泳-安培法.探讨了缓冲溶液浓度、酸碱度及其操作电压,进样时间,有机添加剂等条件对检测的影响.在硼砂-氢氧化钠(硼砂浓度为30mmol/L, pH:9.0)为电泳介质,甲醇为有机添加剂,在25kV分离高压的实验条件下:方法的线性范围为0.5～100mg/L,相关系数r=0.9992,检出限为0.01mg/L.     

不同形貌Co3O4的水热-微乳液法制备及其电化学性能

以四元微乳液(水/十六烷基三甲基溴化铵/环己烷/正戊醇)为介质, 在100 ℃水热环境下成功地合成了具有蒲公英状、剑麻状以及捆绑式结构的前驱化合物, 经300 ℃焙烧可得结构保持的Co3O4. X-射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)测试表明, 所得样品为立方尖晶石结构, 同时水热反应时间对材料的形貌有很大的影响. 循环伏安和恒电流充放电等电化学测试均表明, 水热反应6 h、经热处理后得到Co3O4具有较好的电化学电容行为, 单电极比电容可达340 F·g-1.