全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1849篇 |
免费 | 87篇 |
国内免费 | 53篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 987篇 |
晶体学 | 14篇 |
力学 | 111篇 |
综合类 | 18篇 |
数学 | 402篇 |
物理学 | 457篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 14篇 |
2022年 | 28篇 |
2021年 | 29篇 |
2020年 | 47篇 |
2019年 | 42篇 |
2018年 | 48篇 |
2017年 | 49篇 |
2016年 | 76篇 |
2015年 | 67篇 |
2014年 | 78篇 |
2013年 | 143篇 |
2012年 | 115篇 |
2011年 | 117篇 |
2010年 | 129篇 |
2009年 | 90篇 |
2008年 | 86篇 |
2007年 | 96篇 |
2006年 | 74篇 |
2005年 | 68篇 |
2004年 | 49篇 |
2003年 | 40篇 |
2002年 | 78篇 |
2001年 | 60篇 |
2000年 | 40篇 |
1999年 | 29篇 |
1998年 | 32篇 |
1997年 | 27篇 |
1996年 | 25篇 |
1995年 | 13篇 |
1994年 | 14篇 |
1993年 | 10篇 |
1992年 | 9篇 |
1991年 | 11篇 |
1990年 | 12篇 |
1989年 | 9篇 |
1988年 | 6篇 |
1986年 | 7篇 |
1985年 | 8篇 |
1984年 | 5篇 |
1983年 | 13篇 |
1982年 | 5篇 |
1981年 | 11篇 |
1980年 | 6篇 |
1979年 | 5篇 |
1978年 | 7篇 |
1977年 | 8篇 |
1976年 | 7篇 |
1975年 | 7篇 |
1974年 | 5篇 |
1964年 | 8篇 |
排序方式: 共有1989条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
Poly(2‐oxazoline) hydrogels crosslinked with aliphatic bis(2‐oxazoline)s: Properties,cytotoxicity, and cell cultivation 下载免费PDF全文
Anna Zahoranová Zuzana Kroneková Miroslav Zahoran Dušan Chorvát Jr. Ivica Janigová Juraj Kronek 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2016,54(11):1548-1559
A series of hydrogels from 2‐ethyl‐2‐oxazoline and three bis(2‐oxazoline) crosslinkers—1,4‐butylene‐2,2′‐bis(2‐oxazoline), 1,6‐hexamethylene‐2,2′‐bis(2‐oxazoline), and 1,8‐octamethylene‐2,2′‐bis(2‐oxazoline)—are prepared. The hydrogels differ by the length of aliphatic chain of crosslinker and by the percentage of crosslinker (2–10%). The influence of the type and the percentage of the crosslinker on swelling properties, mechanical properties, and state of water is studied. The equilibrium swelling degree in water ranges from 2 to 20. With a proper selection of the crosslinker, Young's modulus can be varied from 10 kPa to almost 100 kPa. To evaluate the potential for medical applications, the cytotoxicity of extracts and the contact toxicity toward murine fibroblasts are measured. The hydrogels with the crosslinker containing a shorter aliphatic exhibit low toxicity toward fibroblast cells. Moreover, the viability and the proliferation of pancreatic β‐cells incubated inside hydrogels for 12 days are analyzed. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2016 , 54, 1548–1559 相似文献
42.
43.
Martin Danko Matej Mičušík Mária Omastová Juraj Bujdák Dušan Chorvát Jr. 《Chemical Papers》2014,68(11):1621-1622
44.
Kristina D. Radosavljević Jelena D. Lović Dušan Ž. Mijin Slobodan D. Petrović Milka B. Jadranin Aleksandar R. Mladenović Milka L. Avramov Ivić 《Chemical Papers》2017,71(7):1217-1224
The electrodegradation of azithromycin was studied by its indirect oxidation using dimensionally stable Ti/RuO2 anode as catalyst in the electrolyte containing methanol, 0.05 M NaHCO3, sodium chloride and deionized water. The optimal conditions for galvanostatic electrodegradation for the azithromycin concentration of 0.472 mg cm?3 were found to be NaCl concentration of 7 mg cm?3 and the applied current of 300 mA. The differential pulse voltammetry using glassy carbon electrode was performed for the first time in the above-mentioned content of electrolyte for the nine concentration of azithromycin (0.075–0.675 mg cm?3) giving the limits of azithromycin detection and of quantification as: LOD 0.044 mg cm?3 and LOQ 0.145 mg cm?3. The calibration curve was constructed enabling the electrolyte analysis during its electrodegradation process. The electrolyte was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography and electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The electrooxidation products were identified and after 180 min there was no azithromycin in the electrolyte while TOC analysis showed that 79% of azithromycin was mineralized. The proposed degradation scheme is presented. 相似文献
45.
Žarko P. Barbarić Stojadin M. Manojlović Boban P. Bondžulić Milenko S. Andrić Srđan T. Mitrović 《Optik》2014
New relationship of displacement signal using opposite sectors on a quadrant photodiode is derived. Standard and new displacement signals are analyzed in details. Through MATLAB® laser tracking simulation models, based on common and suggested approaches, detailed analysis is performed, and it is shown that better results for the new relationship signal processing are obtained. Within new relationship of displacement signal, the sensitivity of the system to the displacement of the spot increases and, hence, provides better accuracy in positioning up to 30%. 相似文献
46.
Dithienoindophenines: p‐Type Semiconductors Designed by Quinoid Stabilization for Solar‐Cell Applications 下载免费PDF全文
Longbin Ren Dr. Haijun Fan Dazhen Huang Dafei Yuan Prof. Dr. Chong‐an Di Prof. Dr. Xiaozhang Zhu 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2016,22(48):17136-17140
Compared with the dominant aromatic conjugated materials, photovoltaic applications of their quinoidal counterparts featuring rigid and planar molecular structures have long been unexplored despite their narrow optical bandgaps, large absorption coefficients, and excellent charge‐transport properties. The design and synthesis of dithienoindophenine derivatives (DTIPs) by stabilizing the quinoidal resonance of the parent indophenine framework is reported here. Compared with the ambipolar indophenine derivatives, DTIPs with the fixed molecular configuration are found to be p‐type semiconductors exhibiting excellent unipolar hole mobilities up to 0.22 cm2 V?1 s?1, which is one order of magnitude higher than that of the parent IP‐O and is even comparable to that of QQT(CN)4‐based single‐crystal field‐effect transistors (FET). DTIPs exhibit better photovoltaic performance than their aromatic bithieno[3,4‐b]thiophene (BTT) counterparts with an optimal power‐conversion efficiency (PCE) of 4.07 %. 相似文献
47.
Ta2O5/SiO2 dielectric mirrors deposited by ion beam sputtering (IBS) are studied. The multi-shot laserinduced damage threshold (LIDT) and its dependence on the number of shots are investigated, after which we find that the multi-shot LIDT is lower than that of single-shot. The accumulation effects of defects play an important role in the multi-shot laser damage. A simple model, which includes the conduction band electron production vsa multiphoton and impact ionizations, is presented to explain the experimental phenomena. 相似文献
48.
49.
50.
Conductive polythiophene (PTh)/poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) composite fibers were prepared by polymerization of thiophene in the presence of PET fibers in acetonitrile medium using FeCl3. The effects of polymerization conditions such as oxidant/monomer mol ratio and polymerization temperature and time on PTh content and surface electrical resistivity of PTh/PET composite fiber were investigated in detail. It was observed that the usage of preswelled PET fibers in dichloromethane increased the PTh content and decreased surface resistivity of composite fiber. Composite fiber having the highest PTh content (5.7%) and the lowest surface resistivity (80 kΩ) was obtained at 20°C with 1.25 M FeCl3 and 0.42 M thiophene concentrations. The washing effects of laundering detergent and dry cleaning liquid on surface resistivity of composite fibers were investigated. The electromagnetic shielding effectiveness (EMSE) and relative shielding efficiency by absorption and reflection of composite fibers were measured in the radio and microwave frequency range. The results show that the EMSE values decreased with increasing frequency from radio waves to microwaves with an attenuation of 21 dB to 4 dB. 相似文献