窄分子量分布的聚丙烯酸的合成及其阻垢性能

以水为溶剂,采用可逆加成-断裂链转移自由基聚合(RAFT)方法,合成了分子量2400～9000的聚丙烯酸。GPC分析表明,所合成的聚丙烯酸具有很窄的分子量分布(多分散系数PDI约为1.2)。阻垢性能测定结果表明,用RAFT方法合成的聚丙烯酸比采用普通自由基聚合得到的商品聚丙烯酸阻垢剂具有更好的阻垢性能。如当分子量约为2400的聚丙烯酸的质量浓度分别为2和10mg/L时,其阻碳酸钙垢的阻垢率分别为83.8%和97.5%,而在相同质量浓度下商品聚丙烯酸阻垢剂的阻碳酸钙垢的阻垢率则仅分别为21.3%和42.9%。阻垢作用随温度升高(50～90℃)而降低的幅度也明显小于商品聚丙烯酸阻垢剂,80℃时二者的阻垢作用差别最大,而这正是一般冷却水达到的最高温度。在所研究的分子量范围内,所合成的聚丙烯酸分子量愈小则其阻垢性能愈好。     

STUDIES ON CYCLOADDITION REACTIONS OF VINYLPHOSPHONATES WITH NITRONES

Cycloaddition reactions of vinylphosphonates with nitrones were studied. A series of 4-phosphonyl-3-aryl-N-arylisoxazolidines were synthesized by the reaction of vinylphosphonates with nitrones. The structure of 3a was confirmed by X-ray single-crystal diffraction.     

水杨醛缩乙醇胺及8-羟基喹啉氧钒三元配合物的合成、晶体结构及热分解研究(英)

A new oxovanadium(Ⅴ) ternary complex, VO(L)(hq) [H₂L: N-salicylidene-N′-aminoethanol; hq: 8-hydroxy quinoline], was synthesized by the reaction of salicyaldehyde, aminoethanol and 8-hydroxy quinoline with vanadyl sulfate. It was characterized by elemental analysis, IR and X-ray diffraction analysis. The crystal of the title complex (C₁₈H₁₅N₂O₄V, M_r=374.26) belongs to monoclinic, space group P2₁/n with the following crystallographic parameters: a=1.5435(5) nm, b=0.662 0(2) nm, c=1.648 9(6) nm, β=105.043(7)°, V=1.627 3(10) nm³, Z=4, D_c=1.528 g·cm^-3, μ(MoKα)=0.636 mm^-1, F(000)=768, and final R₁=0.056 8, wR₂=0.106 7 for observed reflections 957 (I>2σ(I)). The complex is six-coordinate in distorted octahedral geometry. The thermal decomposition for the complex was studied by TG-DTG curves and the apparent activation energy was obtained by the Kissinger formula. CCDC: 218497.     

BATPPH_2及其Zn配合物与环糊精的超分子体系研究

设计合成了5-(4-苯甲酰亚胺基苯基)-10,15,20-三苯基卟啉(BATPPH2)及其锌配合物(BATPPZn),并通过1HNMR、IR、UV-Vis、元素分析等方法对化合物的结构加以确认。在中性磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,以荧光光谱法、紫外可见分光光度法和1HNMR法分别研究了BATPPH2和BATPPZn与α,β,γ-环糊精相互作用形成的超分子体系。利用双倒数曲线法计算了BATPPH2-CD和BATPPZn-CD超分子体系的包结常数,结果表明BATPPH2和BATPPZn与γ-CD的包结常数(K1γ-CD,K2γ-CD)最大,γ-CD表现出最强的包结能力,Zn2+的配位作用使包结物的稳定性降低。     

ZrO_2负载Pt催化巴豆醛选择性加氢

以高比表面积ZrO2为载体,采用浸渍法制备了负载型Pt催化剂,应用于常压下气相巴豆醛加氢反应,考察了Pt负载量和H2还原温度等对巴豆醛选择性加氢性能的影响.实验结果表明,Pt负载量(质量分数)为3%的3Pt/ZrO2催化剂经500℃还原后,具有较高的巴豆醛选择性加氢性能:巴豆醛转化率为27%,巴豆醇的选择性为55%.X射线粉末衍射(XRD)分析,CO化学吸附,NH3程序升温脱附(NH3-TPD)表征结果表明Pt/ZrO2催化剂上Lewis强酸中心和适宜的Pt颗粒(约为8nm)有利于巴豆醛选择性加氢生成巴豆醇.     

基于柠康酸构筑的三个配合物的合成、结构与性能

在水热条件下,制备出3个配位聚合物,即{[Zn（ca）（iimb）]·0.75H₂O}_n（1）,{[Cd（ca）（iimb）（H₂O）]·0.75H₂O}_n（2）和{[Zn（ca）（bpe）_0.5（H₂O）]·H₂O}_n（3）（H₂ca=柠康酸,iimb=1-（1-咪唑基）-4-（咪唑基-1''-甲基）苯,bpe=1,2-二（4-吡啶基）乙烯）,并通过单晶X射线衍射、红外光谱和元素分析进行结构表征。配合物1是含有一维金属羧酸链的二维网状层。2是具有羧酸桥连双核的一维准梯形链状结构。3是二维波浪层。其中2和3的三维超分子结构由丰富的氢键相互作用形成;而1的三维超分子结构通过范德华力堆积而成。研究了3个配合物的热重分析（TGA）,粉末X射线衍射（PXRD）和荧光性质。固态荧光光谱表明3个配合物的发射光谱与相应的辅助配体相似。此外,配合物3在紫外光照射下,在H₂O₂存在时对亚甲基蓝（MB）的降解表现出良好的光催化活性。     

基于社会性科学议题促进核心素养发展的元素化合物教学*——以“论证重雾霾天气‘汽车限行’的合理性”为例

在“氮及其化合物”教学中,利用社会性科学议题“论证重雾霾天气‘汽车限行’的合理性”,通过直面议题激发原始想法、探讨汽车尾气与雾霾是否存在关系、探讨汽车尾气是不是导致雾霾的主要原因、面对议题的科学决策的具体教学环节,促进学生掌握氮及其化合物的主要性质,建立从物质类别、元素价态视角研究物质性质及转化的思路方法,促进多个维度核心素养的融合发展。经过多轮次教学改进,结合教学实践过程及其教学效果抽提出真实情境的创设、驱动性问题的设计、课前、课上和课后3个阶段统筹安排等教学策略。     

Butterfly and chair clusters using N,O-chelating ligands: A combined crystallographic and mass spectrometric study

The organic ligand (1-methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)methanol (HL¹) was used to react with Cu(ClO₄)₂·6H₂O and triethylamine at 80°C to afford the complex [Cu₄(L¹)₆]·(ClO₄)₂·CH₃CN ( 1 ). Every four-coordinated Cu(II) ion is surrounded with NO₃ coordinated environment, and every five-coordinated Cu(II) ion is surrounded with N₂O₃ coordinated environment. Changing the metal salt to Zn(NO₃)₂·6H₂O, and after adding CH₃COONa, afforded the complex [Zn₄(L¹)₄(NO₃)₂(CH₃COO)₂] ( 2 ), in which every five-coordinated Zn(II) ion is surrounded with NO₄ coordinated environment. High-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry results revealed that complex 1 broke into the most stable fragment [Cu₂(L¹)₃]⁺, and it also can assemble high nuclear peaks in solution. For complex 2 , it was found that the complex exhibited different component distribution in solution. Not only were there substitutions between coordinated anions, but the high nuclear peaks could also be detected.     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of an Ionic Compound [Fe(CN)6(phCH2NC5H5)3]·(H2O)4

A novel ionic compound [Fe(CN)6(phCH2NC5H5)3]·(H2O)4(Mr = 794.71) has been synthesized and its structure was characterized by IR, elemental analysis and X-ray diffraction. The compound crystallizes in monoclinic, space group P21/c with a = 10.837(2), b = 16.551(3), c = 23.402(5) (A), β = 97.531(4)°V = 4161.0(15)(A)3, Z = 4, Dc = 1.269 g/cm3, F(000) = 1668, μ = 0.414 mm-1, R = 0.0479 and wR = 0.1232. The building unit of the title compound consists of three (phCH2N C5H5) ions, one [Fe(CN)6]3- anion and four water molecules. According to the structural analysis, [Fe(CN)6]3- are linked together by O-H…N and O-H…O hydrogen bonds, but [Fe(CN)6]3- and [(phCH2N C5H5)3] ions are bound by electrostatic force to form an ionic compound.Keywords: N-benzyl-pyridine, ferricyanic anion, crystal structure, supramolecular, ionic compound.     

层流预混庚烷火焰中PAHs的形成与机理的简化

本文使用详细的化学反应机理模拟了C7H16／空气层流预混火焰中多环芳烃的生成动力学过程．反应机理包括108种组分的572个基元反应．通过数值计算分析了层流预混火焰的结构和主要反应物、中间物质和反应产物的浓度变化,并对A1-A4组分的反应灵敏度进行了分析。并初步得到可以用于CFD的简化机理．