An optimization approach to the reconstruction of positional DNA sequencing by hybridization with errors

Positional DNA sequencing by hybridization (PSBH) is a recently proposed enhancement of DNA sequencing by hybridization (SBH, potentially a powerful alternative to the DNA sequencing by gel electrophoresis). It has been discussed in many papers and applied to large scale sequencing by hybridization. However, the computational part of PSBH reconstruction is a difficult problem, especially for the occurrence of hybridization errors. So far the problem has not been solved well. Taking PSBH as a combinatorial optimization problem, a novel reconstruction approach to PSBH is presented in this paper. The proposed approach accepts both the negative and positive errors and can greatly reduce ambiguities in the reconstruction of PSBH. The computational experiment shows that our algorithm works satisfactorily and correctly on the test data, especially for the positive errors and k-tuple repetitions.     

(Fe1-xNix)2P电子结构与磁学特性的X射线近边吸收谱研究

利用X射线近边吸收谱对Fe2P,Ni2P及其掺杂物(Fe1-xNix)2P(x=0.1,0.25,0.5)中Fe,Ni,P的K边进行了研究.结合多重散射理论近边计算,讨论了金属原子不同位置格点3f,3g对近边谱特征的贡献,得出当Ni原子取代Fe原子时将优先占据Fe(3f)格点位置;根据第一性原理对能态的计算发现,不考虑磁性时不同格点P的pDOS未占据态电子结构与P-K近边吸收谱实验相符合;与考虑铁磁性Fe2P的DOS相比较后结果显示Fe2P的磁性主要来源于Fe(3g)格点,铁磁性Ni2P计算的Ni不同格点原子磁矩均接近于0,与它一般显顺磁性结论相一致.     

反相流动注射-化学发光法测定盐酸多巴胺

基于在碱性介质中,盐酸多巴胺对鲁米诺-铁氰化钾化学发光反应体系的强烈抑制作用,建立了反相流动注射抑制化学发光测定盐酸多巴胺的新方法。研究了影响化学发光强度的因素,并探讨了化学发光反应的可能机理。该方法快速、准确、线性范围宽,测定盐酸多巴胺的检出限为1.14×10-9 g·mL-1,方法的线性范围为2.0×10-9～8.0×10-7 g·mL-1,对于4.0×10-7 g·mL-1盐酸多巴胺测定11次的相对标准偏差为0.99%。应用于盐酸多巴胺注射液中盐酸多巴胺的测定,结果满意。     

原子力显微镜观测生物大分子图像的一种处理方法

针对具有复杂结构的生物大分子图像,本文改进了已有的半自动化方法,设计了一种新的算法去消除背景噪声,目的在于能够从生物大分子图像高效准确地提取量化信息.通过利用这种新的处理程序对生物大分子DNA原子力显微镜图像进行了研究,不仅可以对线性构像的DNA图像进行了处理,而且对于具有分支构像复杂DNA图像也能够处理.本文所提出的数字图像处理方法具有普适性,它也可以被应用到其他成像领域. 关键词： 原子力显微镜 数字图像处理 DNA     

苝四甲酸二酐有机单晶纳米结构的制备及形成机理的研究

在分子束外延(MBE)系统中, 利用物理气相沉积(PVD)的方法在阳极氧化铝(AAO)模板上制备了有机 染料分子苝四甲酸二酐(PTCDA)的不同纳米结构; 并使用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、 高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)以及选区电子衍射(SAED)技术进行了系统的研究. 结果发现, 当衬底温度(T_s)为330 ℃时得到的是纳米丝、针、带以及棒; T_s为280 ℃, 230 ℃, 180 ℃时得到的主要是纳米棒, 并且纳米棒的长度随T_s的降低而变短; T_s为50 ℃时只能得到连续的PTCDA薄膜. HRTEM以及SAED结果证实了纳米针与棒为单晶. 依据SEM结果, 提出纳米结构的生成主要受T_s以及衬底表面曲率的影响.     

Multifractal Detrended Cross-Correlation Analysis of agricultural futures markets

We investigated geographically far but temporally correlated China’s and US agricultural futures markets. We found that there exists a power-law cross-correlation between them, and that multifractal features are significant in all the markets. It is very interesting that the geographically far markets show strong cross-correlations and share much of their multifractal structure. Furthermore, we found that for all the agricultural futures markets in our studies, the cross-correlation exponent is less than the averaged generalized Hurst exponents (GHE) when q < 0 and greater than the averaged GHE when q > 0.     

蓄热式催化重整氢发生器的研究

本文提出了一种可用于内燃机的新的制氢方案。以往的研究者只关心一方面,主要研究催化重整制氢,或者是蓄热式换热等。蓄热式催化重整氢发生器是将这两点结合,即蜂窝状蓄热体与重整反应结合起来所设计的。它既有催化重整反应器的优势,又有蓄热体的优势,可以利用蓄热体的快速换热性质,快速地产生氢气,是一种新型氢发生器。     

The novel YMn2D6 deuteride synthesized under high pressure of gaseous deuterium

The novel intermetallic deuteride YMn₂D₆ was synthesized under high deuterium pressure. In order to identify the structure and characterize the magnetic properties of this deuteride the powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), Mn X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) and magnetization measurement (SQUID) were carried out. The crystal structure, the chemical state of Mn and the magnetic properties of this novel deuteride were examined and discussed. It should be noted that the structure of YMn₂D₆ (F-43m) differs dramatically from C15 symmetry of the parent material. Such a great rearrangement of the metal lattice due to deuterium absorption is rather exceptional for C15 Laves phase.     

A solution study on the local and global structure changes of cytochrome c: an unfolding process induced by urea

The local and global structural changes of cytochrome c induced by urea in aqueous solution have been studied using X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). According to the XAS result, both the native (folded) protein and the unfolded protein exhibit the same preedge features taken at Fe K-edge, indicating that the Fe(III) in the heme group of the protein maintains a six-coordinated local structure in both the folded and unfolded states. Furthermore, the discernible differences in the X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) of these two states are attributed to a possible spin transition of the Fe(III) from a low-spin state to a high-spin state during the unfolding process. The perseverance of six-coordination and the spin transition of the iron are reconciled by a proposed ligand exchange, with urea and water molecules replacing the methionine-80 and histidine-18 axial ligands, respectively. The SAXS result reveals a significant morphology change of cytochrome c from a globular shape of a radius of gyration R(g) = 12.8 A of the native protein to an elongated ellipsoid shape of R(g) = 29.7 A for the unfolded protein in the presence of concentrated urea. The extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) data unveil the coordination geometries of Fe(III) in both the folded and unfolded state of cytochrome c. An initial spin transition of Fe(III) followed by an axial ligand exchange, accompanied by the change in the global envelope, is proposed for what happened in the protein unfolding process of cytochrome c.