A catadioptric infrared dual band optically passive athermal optical system

The paper proposes a catadioptric infrared dual band optical system based on catadioptric configuration and optically passive athermal design method. The system shares primary mirror, secondary mirror and collimating lens group, and achieves abruption in longwave infrared and midwave infrared using a dichroic beam splitter. The influence of temperature on optical parameters, the design theory and design method are analyzed. A design example is presented. The detailed optimization design method and some considering factors in engineering design moment are discussed. The design results illustrate that the system can obtain good image quality in environment temperature of 10–40?°C, which could satisfy the design requirement. The actual test result not only satisfies the design requirement, but also validates the availability of the method in the paper.     

Superoptimal Preconditioners for Functions of Matrices

For any given matrix $A∈\mathbb{C}^{n×n}$, a preconditioner $t_U(A)$ called the superoptimal preconditioner was proposed in 1992 by Tyrtyshnikov. It has been shown that $t_U(A)$ is an efficient preconditioner for solving various structured systems, for instance, Toeplitz-like systems. In this paper, we construct the superoptimal preconditioners for different functions of matrices. Let $f$ be a function of matrices from$\mathbb{C}^{n×n}$ to$\mathbb{C}^{n×n}$. For any $A∈\mathbb{C}^{n×n}$, one may construct two superoptimal preconditioners for $f(A)$: $t_U(f(A))$ and $f(t_U(A))$. We establish basic properties of $t_U(f(A))$) and $f(t_U(A))$ for different functions of matrices. Some numerical tests demonstrate that the proposed preconditioners are very efficient for solving the system $f(A)x=b$.     

基于AAO的CuCl2纳米花瓣状薄膜的发光特性研究

利用直接沉积法在多孔阳极氧化铝（AAO）材料表面沉积CuCl22H2O水溶液制备纳米花状薄膜,并利用场发射扫描电镜对其形貌进行表征,结合X射线光电子能谱等技术鉴定其成分,结果表明纳米花状薄膜为CuCl2。在室温条件下,测量了样品的光致发光光谱特性,观察到表面有纳米花状CuCl2薄膜的AAO,其激发中心在290 nm,发射中心在415 nm,与基底AAO位置完全相同,但发光强度从127 cd提高到183 cd;对比宏观CuCl2粉末、AAO薄膜的激发和发射光谱,分析认为生长有纳米花状CuCl2的AAO薄膜发光强度提高的原因是该层表面的纳米结构形貌。     

橡胶硫化促进剂的研究进展

作为橡胶加工成形过程中最重要的步骤之一,橡胶硫化直接影响橡胶制品的性能。与单用硫黄相比,少量的促进剂与硫磺配合可以极大地提高硫化速率,改善硫化胶的性能。但目前橡胶硫化促进剂普遍具有潜在的人类健康和环境风险问题,同时硫化促进效能较低、功能单一。因此,开发无毒、无或少氧化锌、高效、多功能的新型硫化促进剂对橡胶工业具有非常重要的意义。本文首先简要介绍了橡胶硫化促进剂的发展历程,然后综述了近年来新型橡胶硫化促进剂的研究进展(包括离子液体促进剂、新型二硫代氨基甲酸盐类促进剂、稀土促进剂、以及含新型副促进剂的硫化并用体系等),并对橡胶硫化促进机理、新型橡胶硫化促进剂的设计进行了展望。     

Synthesis,Characterization and Self‐Assembly of Novel Amphiphilic Block Copolymers with a Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxanes Moiety Attached at the Junction of the Two Blocks

A novel well‐defined amphiphilic block copolymer, with the polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) moiety at the junction of the two blocks of polystyrene and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), was designed and synthesized. First, a macroinitiator containing a POSS moiety and a PEO chain was prepared and then atom transfer radical polymerization of styrene was carried out in the presence of the macroinitiator in bulk. The polymerization results show that the process bears the characteristics of controlled/living free radical polymerizations. The structure and molecular weight of the polymers were characterized by GPC, ¹H NMR, and FT‐IR spectroscopy. The self‐assembly behaviors of the polymers was investigated by TEM and SEM. It was observed that the polymers can self‐assemble into vesicles in aqueous solution.

     

XPS and SRUPS study of oxygen adsorption on Cd0.9Zn0.1Te (1 1 1)A surface

Synchrotron radiation ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy (SRUPS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) have been applied to investigate oxygen adsorption on a cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) (1 1 1)A surface. The surface chemical composition and the surface oxidation process were monitored by recording the Te 3d, O 1s, Zn 2p, Cd 4d core level peaks, and the Cd MNN Auger peak. The CZT (1 1 1)A surface was effectively oxidized by dosing oxygen directly. The typical surface state of the clean CZT (1 1 1)A surface was identified. After oxygen exposure, this surface state disappeared and a signal due to the formation of O–CZT appeared. In addition, the work function of CZT decreased with the increasing oxygen exposure.     

Direct observation of surface‐enhanced Raman scattering in ZnO nanocrystals

We have been able to observe the surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) from 4‐mercaptopyridine (4‐Mpy) molecules adsorbed on ZnO nanocrystals, which display 10³ enhancement factors (EFs). An excitation wavelength‐dependent behavior is clearly observed. Another molecule BVPP is also observed to have surface‐enhanced Raman signals. The chemical enhancement is most likely responsible for the observed enhancement, since plasmon resonances are ruled out. The research is important not only for a better understanding of the SERS mechanism, but also for extension of the application of Raman spectroscopy to a variety of adsorption problems on a semiconductor surface. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Research on performance of multicasting in optical packet switched networks

Different multicasting schemes in optical packet switched networks are discussed, including the parallel mode, serial mode, and hybrid mode multicasting schemes. Simulated modeling technique is applied to compare the network-level performance of the three multicasting schemes. A conclusion can be drawn from the results that since the hybrid-mode multicasting scheme can increase the multicast success ratio and reduce the packet retransmission times compared with the other two schemes, it is the best choice for delivering multicasting sessions in the optical packet switched networks.     

Exchange bias for ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic bilayers with the uniaxial anisotropy being misaligned with the exchange anisotropy

Using the principle of minimal energy and S-W model, the exchange bias for ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic bilayers has been investigated when the uniaxial anisotropy is misaligned with the exchange anisotropy. According to the relation between the energy of the bilayer and the orientation of ferromagnetic magnetization, it is found that the bilayer will be in the monostable state or bistable state when the external field is absent in the initial magnetization state. The monostable state or bistable state of the bilayer, which determines the angular dependence of exchange bias directly, is controlled by the competition between the exchange anisotropy and uniaxial anisotropy. When the applied field is parallel to the intrinsic easy axes and intrinsic hard axes, one of the switching fields of the hysteresis loop shows an abrupt change, while the other keep continuous by analyzing the magnetization reversal processes. Consequently, the exchange bias field and the coercivity will show a jump phenomenon. The numerical calculations indicate that both the magnitude and direction of the exchange anisotropy will significantly affect the angular dependence of exchange bias. The jump phenomenon of exchange bias is an intrinsic property of the bilayer, which is dependent on the interfacial exchange-coupling constant, the orientation of the exchange anisotropy, the thickness and uniaxial anisotropy constant of the ferromagnetic layer.