单摆作谐振动的最大摆角的分析

本文根据实验上的微小偏差准则和试验中的最小可分辨时间来确定单摆作谐振动时的最大摆角     

1-Aminoxymethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid as building block of β N-O turn and helix: synthesis and conformational analysis in solution and in the solid state

Cyclopropane side-chained β^2,2-aminoxy oligopeptides were synthesized and conformationally studied. β N-O turn in solution and β N-O helix in the solid state was characterized by ¹H NMR, 2D NOESY and FT-IR as well as X-ray crystallography studies. Almost no changes has been observed with the disturbance at α carbon bond angle compared with dimethyl substituted one. This study provided the opportunity to design the bioactive peptidomimetics in a more elaborate way.     

Magnetic solid‐phase extraction for determination of sulpiride in human urine and blood using high‐performance liquid chromatography

A novel and efficient sample preconcentration technique based on the Fe₃O₄ magnetic nanoparticles (Fe₃O₄ MNPs) coated with silica (SiO₂) has been developed for extraction and determination of sulpiride. The functionalized MNPs showed excellent dispersibility in aqueous solution and were applied to magnetic solid‐phase extraction of sulpiride from human urine and blood prior to high‐performance liquid chromatography analysis. The separation, preconcentration and desorption procedure was completed in 10 min. Optimal experimental conditions, including sample pH, the amount of the MNPs, eluent type and volume, and the ultrasonication time were studied and established. The method showed good linearity for the determination of sulpiride in the concentration range of 10–1000 ng/mL in urine and blood. The recovery of the method was in the range between 91.2 and 97.5%, and the limit of detection was 2 ng/mL for sulpiride in human blood and urine. The results indicated that the present procedure is a suitable pretreatment method for biological samples. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Discrete element modeling on the crack evolution behavior of brittle sandstone containing three fissures under uniaxial compression

Based on experimental results of brittle, intact sandstone under uniaxial compression, the micro-parameters were firstly confirmed by adopting particle flow code(PFC2D). Then, the validation of the simulated models were cross checked with the experimental results of brittle sandstone containing three parallel fissures under uniaxial compression. The simulated results agreed very well with the experimental results, including the peak strength, peak axial strain, and ultimate failure mode. Using the same microparameters, the numerical models containing a new geometry of three fissures are constructed to investigate the fissure angle on the fracture mechanical behavior of brittle sandstone under uniaxial compression. The strength and deformation parameters of brittle sandstone containing new three fissures are dependent to the fissure angle. With the increase of the fissure angle, the elastic modulus, the crack damage threshold,and the peak strength of brittle sandstone containing three fissures firstly increase and secondly decrease. But the peak axial strain is nonlinearly related to the fissure angle. In the entire process of deformation, the crack initiation and propagation behavior of brittle sandstone containing three fissures under uniaxial compression are investigated with respect tothe fissure angle. Six different crack coalescence modes are identified for brittle sandstone containing three fissures under uniaxial compression. The influence of the fissure angle on the length of crack propagation and crack coalescence stress is evaluated. These investigated conclusions are very important for ensuring the stability and safety of rock engineering with intermittent structures.     

Synthesis of a novel tri-antennary galactoside with high hepatocyte targeting

A novel bifunctional compound carrying cluster thiogalactoside as the cell targeting ligands was synthesized for gene delivery to hepatocytes. Tetra-antennary dendr-OMs4 5 was used as a scaffold for the attachment of three galactosides, while the other mesylate end was linked with cholesterol through poly(ethylene glycol) chain. This design provided an effective entry for the synthesis of the bifunctional compound.     

Dynamical and Geometric Phases of Exciton Emission in a Semiconductor Microcavity

By using of the invariant theory, we have studied the phase of exciton emission in a semiconductor microcavity, the dynamical and geometric phases are presented respectively. The Aharonov-Anandan phase is also obtained in the case of cyclical evolution.     

Application of linear-sweep voltammetry to the determination of nucleic acids using crystal violet as an electrochemical probe

A new linear-sweep voltammetric assay of nucleic acids (NAs) based on their interaction with crystal violet (CV) is proposed. In a pH 3.5 Britton—Robinson (B-R) buffer solution, CV had an irreversible voltammetric reductive peak at −0.77 V and the peak current greatly decreased by the addition of NAs. Under the experimental conditions, the decrease in the peak current was used for the NAs assay 0.5–18.0 μg/mL of fish sperm DNA, 0.6–15.0 μg/mL of calf thymus DNA, and 0.8–12.0 μg/mL of yeast RNA. The detection limits (3σ) were 0.32, 0.47, and 0.61 μg/mL for fsDNA, ctDNA, and yRNA, respectively. The binding reaction can be completed after mixing DNA with CV within 10 min and the electrochemical response is stable for 2 h. There are seldom interferences in this method and three synthetic samples were analyzed with satisfactory results. The stoichiometry of the supramolecular complex with the binding number 3 and the binding constant 2.78 × 10¹⁴ is calculated using electrochemical data. The text was submitted by the authors in English.     

Homo‐ and copolymerization of norbornene with styrene catalyzed by a series of copper(II) complexes in the presence of methylaluminoxane

Vinyl‐type polymerization of norbornene as well as random copolymerization of norbornene with styrene was studied using a series of copper complexes‐MAO. The precatalysts used here are copper complexes with β‐ketoamine ligands based on pyrazolone derivatives and the molecular structure of complex 4 was determined using X‐ray analysis. All of these catalyst systems are moderately active for the vinyl‐type polymerization of norbornene and random copolymerization of norbornene with styrene. The random copolymers obtained suggest that only one type of active species is present. Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and NMR indicate that the copolymers are ‘true’ copolymers. The copolymerization reactivity ratios (r_NBE = 20.11 and r_Sty = 0.035) indicate a much higher reactivity of norbornene, which suggests a coordination polymerization mechanism. The solubility and processability of the copolymers are improved relative to polynorbornene and the thermostability of the copolymers is improved relative to polystyrene. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

添加0.1%Ce对Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu焊料与铜基板间的金属间化合物的影响

研究了Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu-xCe（x=0,0.1%）焊料合金与Cu基板250℃钎焊及170℃恒温时效时对基体和界面金属间化合物（IMC）的形成与长大行为的影响。结果发现,在Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu焊料中添加0.1?后,能够抑制基体和钎焊界面反应及随后时效过程中IMC的形成与生长。焊点最初的界面IMC为Cu6Sn5,时效5 d之后,该两钎焊体系中均发现了Cu3Sn薄层的生成,且随着时效时间的增加,各IMC层厚度有明显的增加趋势。与Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu/Cu焊点相比,Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu-0.1Ce/Cu钎焊体系焊点界面处的IMC层更为平整和细薄。时效过程中,界面IMC的形成与长大受扩散机制控制。     

Controlled aggregation of functionalized gold nanoparticles with a novel conjugated oligomer.

A new route is developed to control the self-assembly of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) functionalized with a novel pyridyl-ended porphyrin-oligo(p-phenylene vinylene) conjugated oligomer (P-OPV-Py) into branched-rods, chain-networks, uniform fractal-like Au clusters, and larger nanoparticles. The techniques of optical spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) are used to characterize the self-assembly in various solvent systems (pure toluene, CHCl(3)/toluene, THF/toluene and n-butanol/toluene). A combination of the ligand/AuNPs molar ratio and relative concentration serves as the driving force to control the size and shape of P-OPV-Py capped AuNPs.