An Ultrasound Activated Vesicle of Janus Au‐MnO Nanoparticles for Promoted Tumor Penetration and Sono‐Chemodynamic Therapy of Orthotopic Liver Cancer

Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) has the advantages of high penetration, non‐invasiveness, and controllability, and it is suitable for deep‐seated tumors. However, there is still a lack of effective sonosensitizers with high sensitivity, safety, and penetration. Now, ultrasound (US) and glutathione (GSH) dual responsive vesicles of Janus Au‐MnO nanoparticles (JNPs) were coated with PEG and a ROS‐sensitive polymer. Upon US irradiation, the vesicles were disassembled into small Janus Au‐MnO nanoparticles (NPs) with promoted penetration ability. Subsequently, GSH‐triggered MnO degradation simultaneously released smaller Au NPs as numerous cavitation nucleation sites and Mn²⁺ for chemodynamic therapy (CDT), resulting in enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. This also allowed dual‐modality photoacoustic imaging in the second near‐infrared (NIR) window and T₁‐MR imaging due to the released Mn²⁺, and inhibited orthotopic liver tumor growth via synergistic SDT/CDT.     

Geometric Properties and Exact Travelling Wave Solutions for the Generalized Burger-Fisher Equation and the Sharma-Tasso-Olver Equation

In this paper, we study the dynamical behavior and exact parametric representations of the traveling wave solutions for the generalized Burger-Fisher equation and the Sharma-Tasso-Olver equation under different parametric conditions, the exact monotonic and non-monotonic kink wave solutions, two-peak solitary wave solutions, periodic wave solutions, as well as unbounded traveling wave solutions are obtained.     

Corrosion and tribocorrosion behaviour of super‐thick diamond‐like carbon films deposited on stainless steel in NaCl solution

Super‐thick diamond‐like carbon (DLC) film is a potential protective coating in corrosive environments. In the present work, three kinds of DLC films whose thickness and modulation periods are 4 µm and 3, 21 µm and 17 and 21 µm and 7, respectively, were fabricated on stainless steel. The effect of different thickness and modulation periods on corrosion and tribocorrosion behaviour of the DLC‐coating stainless steel was investigated in 3.5 wt% NaCl aqueous solution by a ball‐on‐flat tribometer equipped with a three‐electrode electrochemical cell. The DLC‐coating stainless steel served as a working electrode, and its OCP and potentiodynamic polarization were monitored before and during rubbing. The wear–corrosion mechanism of the DLC films was investigated by SEM. The results showed that the increasing thickness can prolong significantly lifetime of DLC films in NaCl aqueous solution. In particular, the modulation period has a significant impact on the tribocorrosion resistance of the DLC super‐thick films. The study suggested that the increasing thickness of compressive stress layer could suppress film damage by reducing crack propagation rate. Thus, the super‐thick DLC film with thickness of 21 µm and 7 periods presented the best tribocorrosion resistance among all studied films. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Rheology of Water-in-Oil Emulsions with Different Drop Sizes

Systemic experiments have been conducted to investigate the effect of drop sizes on the rheology of water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions. Three sets of emulsions with different average drop sizes were first prepared and then the corresponding rheologies were determined using a concentric viscometer. Results indicated that the flow behavior of concentrated emulsions changes qualitatively from Newtonian flow to non-Newtonian flow with shear rates. In Newtonian flow regime, a smaller drop size leads to a higher viscosity, and the increments are more pronounced at high dispersed phase volume fractions. Two local remarkable increases of the emulsion viscosity with dispersed phase volume fractions correspond to the percolation and glass-transition, respectively. In non-Newtonian flow regime, emulsions show shear-thinning behavior and can be fitted well by the power law model. For emulsions with volume fractions between 0.132 and 0.325, the flow index and consistency constant show power law relationship with the water content. Furthermore, the shear-thinning effect becomes stronger in the emulsions with smaller drop sizes. A correlation has been successfully developed for determining the clusters’ sizes in W/O emulsions and shows excellent agreement with the experimental data. As a consequence, a microscopic understanding (cluster level) was presented for the shear-thinning behavior of the emulsions in this study.     

Chinese hamster ovary‐sphingomyelin synthase2 biospecific extraction and liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry analysis for the prediction of bioactive components of Rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati

A novel strategy for predicting bioactive components in traditional Chinese medicines using Chinese hamster ovary‐sphingomyelin synthase2 (CHO‐SMS₂) cell biospecific extraction and high‐performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection and tandem mass spectrometry analysis was proposed. The hypothesis is that when cells are incubated with the extract of traditional Chinese medicines, the potential bioactive components in the traditional Chinese medicines should selectively combine with the cells, while the cell‐combining components would be detectable in the extract of denatured cells. The identities of the cell‐combining components could be determined by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. Using the proposed approach, the potential bioactive components of Rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati, a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine for atherosclerosis, were detected and identified. Eight compounds in the extract of Rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati were detected as the components selectively combined with CHO‐SMS₂ cells, which is a stable cell line that highly expresses sphingomyelin synthases, it was found that piceid, resveratrol, emodin‐8‐β‐d‐ glucoside, physcion‐8‐β‐d‐ glucoside, emodin, physcion, 3,5,4‘‐trihydroxystilbene‐3‐O‐(6“‐galloyl)‐glucoside, and emodin‐1‐O‐glucoside combined specifically with CHO‐SMS₂ cells. The results indicate that the proposed approach may be applied to predict the bioactive candidates in traditional Chinese medicines.     

The Simulation and Experiment of In 718 in Warm Laser Shock Processing Without Coating

Journal of Russian Laser Research - A modified constitutive model, combining laser shock processing and dynamic strain aging (DSA), is used to obtain the compressive residual stress field of In 718...     

Activatable Singlet Oxygen Generation from Lipid Hydroperoxide Nanoparticles for Cancer Therapy

Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced apoptosis is a widely practiced strategy for cancer therapy. Although photodynamic therapy (PDT) takes advantage of the spatial–temporal control of ROS generation, the meticulous participation of light, photosensitizer, and oxygen greatly hinders the broad application of PDT as a first-line cancer treatment option. An activatable system has been developed that enables tumor-specific singlet oxygen (¹O₂) generation for cancer therapy, based on a Fenton-like reaction between linoleic acid hydroperoxide (LAHP) tethered on iron oxide nanoparticles (IO NPs) and the released iron(II) ions from IO NPs under acidic-pH condition. The IO-LAHP NPs are able to induce efficient apoptotic cancer cell death both in vitro and in vivo through tumor-specific ¹O₂ generation and subsequent ROS mediated mechanism. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of modulating biochemical reactions as a ROS source to exert cancer death.     

三核笼状茂铁咪唑受体的合成与阴离子识别

以间三苯酚为原料与不同的二溴代烷反应得到不同链长的三溴中间体1a~1c,再与二茂铁甲基咪唑反应得到不同臂长的三核茂铁咪唑阴离子受体2a~2c.利用循环伏安法(CV)、差分脉冲伏安法(DPV)和核磁共振氢谱(1H NMR)研究了受体与阴离子的结合特性.电化学滴定实验结果表明,受体2a~2c在乙腈溶液中均能很好地识别F-;核磁滴定结果表明,受体2a~2c在DMSO-d6中与阴离子通过(C—H)+…anion氢键作用形成1∶1络合物,F-的滴加同时对受体产生去质子化效应;阴离子识别实验结果表明,三核茂铁咪唑受体能很好地选择性识别F-.     

评Freundlich吸附等温式的推导

叙述了Freundlich吸附等温式的几种主要的推导方法,以及这些推导所反映的物理模型,并对它们进行了评价。     

On the average degree of critical graphs with maximum degree six

In this paper, we prove that the average degree of Δ-critical graphs with Δ=6 is at least . It improves the known bound for the average degree of 6-critical graphs G with |V(G)|>39.