利用荷移带的浓度效应测定[5,10,15,20]-四取代基卟啉氯化铁络合物的含量

研究了8个新合成的四取代苯基卟啉氯化铁络合物的紫外－可见光谱，对在三氯甲烷溶剂中荷移带约240nm处λmax随测试溶液浓度增加而红移的规律进行了计算机拟合，拟合修正公式为，相关系数达0．998，本文用拟合公式对络合物含量进行测定，相对误差为0．05～4．9％。本文还对该系列络合物的紫外－可见光谱主要吸收峰作了归属，也研究了取代基效应。     

Catalytic performance of silica-supported chromium oxide catalysts in ethane dehydrogenation with carbon dioxide

The oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane into ethylene by CO₂ over a series of silica-supported chromium oxide catalysts was investigated. The results showed that the catalysts were effective for the reaction and CO₂ in the feed promoted the catalytic activity. The 5%Cr/SiO₂ catalyst exhibited the excellent performance with 30.7% ethane conversion and 96.5% ethylene selectivity at 700^oC. ESR and UV-DRS were used to probe the active sites and the species with high valent states (Cr⁵⁺ and/or Cr⁶⁺) were found to be important for the reaction.     

Optimization of MgO/Al2O3 ratio for the maximization of active site densities in the Ni2P/MgAlO catalysts for the hydrotreating reactions

The Ni₂P/MgAlO catalysts with different MgO/Al₂O₃ ratios were prepared by the phosphidation of corresponding Ni/Mg Al O catalysts with triphenylphosphine in liquid phase.It was found that the MgO/Al₂O₃ ratio affected the Ni₂P/MgAlO catalysts significantly.The Ni₂P/Mg Al O catalyst with the MgO/Al₂O₃ ratio of 3（w/w） exhibited the highly dispersed Ni₂ P particles（～9 nm） with the highest CO uptake（344 μmol/g）and thus the highest activities for the hydrotreating reactions.However,based on the CO uptakes on the used catalysts,the TOF values for the hydrodesulphurization of dibenzothiophene as well as those for the hydrogenation of tetralin on all the Ni₂P/MgAlO catalysts were respectively similar,indicating that the MgO/Al₂O₃ ratio did not affect the intrinsic activities of Ni₂ P supported on the MgAlO support for the hydrotreating reactions.     

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry using porous silicon and silica gel as matrix

Porous silicon powder and silica gel particles have been applied as inorganic matrices for the analysis of small molecules in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOFMS). In contrast to conventional MALDI-TOFMS, the signal interference of low-molecular analytes by the matrix has been eliminated. Almost no fragmentations of the analytes were observed. Effects of various factors, such as the particle and pore size, the suspending solution, and sample preparation procedures, on the intensity of mass spectra have been investigated. The pore structure of the inorganic matrix and penetration of the analytes into the pores must be optimized for effective desorption and ionization of the analytes. Matrices (DHB and HCCA) were covalently bound to silica gel for improvement of spectrum intensity. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

自适应超静定桁架结构强度控制的研究

以超静定桁架结构为背景研究了自适应结构的承载能力,探讨作动器和杆单元的共同工作,用以进行结构分析和控制结构承载能力,后者意指通过作动器的主动变形调控结构的内力分布以获得更加合理的工作状态。     

酸性助剂对V2O5/TiO2催化剂甲醇选择氧化为甲缩醛的影响

研究了酸性助剂对TiO₂纳米管(TNT)负载的V₂O₅催化剂(V₂O₅/TNT)性能的影响, 发现经硫酸、磷酸或磷钨酸处理后, TNT的结构稳定, 但表面酸性和氧化-还原性发生了变化, 从而改变了甲醇选择氧化为甲缩醛的催化性能. 实验结果表明, V₂O₅/TNT催化剂经硫酸修饰和673 K焙烧, 其甲缩醛选择性显著提高, 且维持了较高的甲醇转化率. 催化剂表征表明, 高温焙烧促进了硫酸根与钒物种之间的强相互作用, 从而提高了催化剂的表面酸性而没有降低钒的氧化-还原性. 磷酸和磷钨酸修饰虽然也提高了V₂O₅/TNT催化剂的表面酸性, 但降低了其中钒氧化物的氧化-还原能力, 反而降低了催化剂的活性.     

间苯二酚-甲醛树脂凝胶对Co/SiO_2催化剂费-托性能的影响(英文)

采用共沉淀法制备了高Co含量的Co/SiO2费托合成催化剂,并向其中添加一定含量的间苯二酚-甲醛树脂凝胶.结果表明,催化剂在393K干燥时,树脂会发生分解,因而仅有少量的含碳凝胶残留在催化剂中.然而,少量碳凝胶的存在显著增加了催化剂的还原度和金属钴的分散度,致使催化剂表面产生更多的活性金属Co,同时,催化剂的孔径也有所增大,因此Co/SiO2催化剂具有更高的反应活性及高碳烃选择性.其中80%Co/SiO2-C催化剂活性及高碳烃的选择性与我们前期报道的一种高活性的80%Co-8%ZrO/SiO催化剂相近.     

异丙醇探针反应表征Ce－Mo－O催化剂的酸性与氧化还原性 Characterization of Acidic and Oxidative Properties of Ce-Mo-O Catalysts Using the Probe Reaction of Isopropanol Conversion

Acidic and redox properties are two important aspects of metal oxide catalysts for selective oxidation reactions. Various methods have been used to characterize these properties, of which the isopropanol conversion is a useful probe reaction that can give qualitative information. It is well known that acidicsites catalyze the dehydration of isopropanol to propylene and basic sites catalyze the dehydrogenation of isopropanol to acetone.     

声光协同作用下金纳米颗粒表面空化泡的动力学研究

在激光和超声的协同作用下,金纳米颗粒表面会产生空化气泡。本文通过观察各种参数条件下空化泡的振荡变化,研究了激光光热、超声空化及其协同效应。研究发现,光热作用和激励声压的改变可以调节气泡的动力学过程,光热效应的增强有利于气泡的膨胀,激励声压的增加可以提高气泡运动的剧烈程度。两者的协同作用可以使气泡稳定存在并经历不同的振荡过程。此外,激光与超声协同方式的变化对气泡的运动过程有一定影响。      

高效离子交换膜色谱介质制备及其对蛋白质的分离

制备了一种以纤维素膜为基质,以二乙胺为配基的高效液相离子交换膜色谱介质,并考察了不同柱长、不同洗脱梯度、不同流速下其对几何标准蛋白的分离情况。与高效液相柱色谱相比,这种高效液相膜色谱柱可以更快速的达到蛋白质的分离。即使在较高流速下,柱压仍较低。实验表明,这种高效液相膜分谱柱适合于蛋白质的快速分离。