Microstructure and high-temperature corrosion behaviors of aluminide coatings by low-temperature pack aluminizing process

Aluminide coatings were produced on carbon steel and Fe-5Cr-Mo alloy at a relatively lower temperature below 600 °C in shorter treatment time by a combination of surface refinement process and pack aluminizing process. Repetitive ball impact, generated by mechanical vibration, caused the top-layer refinement of substrates in a conventional pack aluminizing process. The effects of temperature and treatment time on the formation of aluminide coatings were analyzed. The microstructure of the coatings was investigated by SEM, AFM and XRD. The aluminide coatings were one-layer, compacted structure with ultrafine grains and uniform elemental distribution. High-temperature oxidation and sulphidation tests were carried out at 600 °C in air for 200 h and 10% SO₂ + Ar gas mixture atmosphere for 50 h, respectively. The mass gains and spallation indicated that the aluminide coatings significantly improved the high-temperature oxidation and sulphidation resistance.     

Silicone-modified starch/protein microparticles: protecting biopolymers with a hydrophobic coating

Silicone-coated starch/protein (human serum albumin, HSA) microparticles were prepared by precipitation of a starch/HSA/DMSO/water (water-in-oil) emulsion into acetone containing a silicone: the silicone polymer was either unfunctionalized (SiMe₃ terminated, PDMS) or functionalized at its termini with Si(OEt)₃ groups (TES-PDMS). The microparticles of approximate diameter 2–7 μm were highly hydrophobic with advancing contact angles 115°. Over several minutes, however, the contact angle decreased to ca. 40–70°. Soxhlet extraction with water led to degradation of the microparticles, irrespective of the nature of their silicone coating, as evidenced by release of the protein from them. Intraperitoneal (IP) or gastric administration of the two different particles to mice, however, showed a clear difference between the two silicones. The microparticles coated with either PDMS or TES-PDMS led to very different immune responses. Oral administration of the microparticles prepared with functionalized silicone elicited a significant production of antibodies, whereas the particles prepared with the unfunctionalized silicone (PDMS) were only weakly active. By contrast, the IP results demonstrated that particles coated with PDMS elicited an immune response that was established much more rapidly than with the particles modified with TES-PDMS. It is proposed that the TES-PDMS forms a physically adhering film or covalent bond to the protein molecules, which serves to protect the microparticle from biological degradation in the gut and/or facilitates the microparticle/protein interaction with the immune system.     

一种新的库仑微水滴定仪的设计方法

在传统微库仑滴定仪原理的基础上，利用８７５１单片机和微机，采用对电解电流时间调制的方法以及测量精度为准则判断滴定终点，从而大大地提高了仪器的测量精度和重复性。     

原子荧光光谱法测定白砂糖和红糖中硒含量

目的：测定白砂糖和红糖中硒含量为研制富硒糖提供科学依据。方法采用微波消解-原子荧光光谱法测定白砂糖和红糖中硒含量。结果在确定的最佳仪器条件下,原子荧光光谱法测定白砂糖和红糖中硒的检出限为0.063μg · L-1;白砂糖硒的RSD为2.28％,红糖的RSD为2.13％;白砂糖回收率为103.4％,红糖回收率为99.7％。结论该法具有方法简便、快捷、准确等优点,适用于白砂糖和红糖中硒含量测定。     

ICP-AES法测定茶叶中As,Cd,Ni,Pb等元素的含量

目的对样品前处理、酸度及茶叶中共存元素干扰的影响等因素进行探讨,方法用微波消解前处理样品,ICP-AES法同时测定茶叶中铅(Pb)、砷(As)、镉(Cd)、镍(Ni)等元素含量。结果该法的回收率在84.5%～115%之间,精密度RSD均小于9%,结论该法能满足茶叶测定要求。     

应用ICP-MS测定市售红葡萄酒中重金属元素的含量

目的随着对葡萄酒功效的认识,它逐渐成为普通人喜欢的饮品,所以对葡萄酒中各种成分的研究也成了热点。方法借助先进的ICP-MS技术对4种葡萄酒中的各种重金属和微量元素进行测定。结果金属元素质量浓度由高到低顺序为:As,Cr,Pb,Cd,As最高不超过0.5μg.mL-1,结论符合国家食品卫生标准。     

Amorphous CoSnO3@rGO nanocomposite as an efficient cathode catalyst for long-life Li-O2 batteries

An amorphous CoSnO₃@rGO nanocomposite fabricated using a surfactant-assisted assembly method combined with thermal treatment served as a catalyst for non-aqueous lithium-oxygen (Li-O₂) batteries. In contrast to the specific surface area of the bare CoSnO₃ nanoboxes (104.3 m² g^–1), the specific surface area of the CoSnO₃@rGO nanocomposite increased to approximately 195.8 m² g^–1 and the electronic conductivity also improved. The increased specific surface area provided more space for the deposition of Li₂O₂, while the improved electronic conductivity accelerated the decomposition of Li₂O₂. Compared to bare CoSnO₃, the overpotential reduced by approximately 20 and 60 mV at current densities of 100 and 500 mA g^?1 when CoSnO₃@rGO was used as the catalyst. A Li-O₂ battery using a CoSnO₃@rGO nanocomposite as the cathode catalyst cycled indicated a superior cyclic stability of approximately 130 cycles at a current density of 200 mA g^–1 with a limited capacity of 1000 mAh g^–1, which is 25 cycles more than that of the bare amorphous CoSnO₃ nanoboxes.     

二维射影线性群与区传递4-(q+1,5,λ)设计

在组合设计的研究领域中,如何构造具有给定参数的t-设计是一个重要而且困难的问题.利用设计的自同构群来构造t-设计是这一问题有效的解决方法之一.在本文中,设D=(X,B)是一个4-(q+1,5,λ)设计,G≤Aut(D)区传递地作用在D上且X=GF(q)∪{∞},这里GF(q)是q元有限域.设PSL(2,q)(?)G≤PTL(2,q).利用Kramer和Mesner的关于构造区组设计的一个结果和二维射影线性群作用在X的5-子集的集合上的轨道,得到了如下结果:(1)G=PGL(2,17)并且D是一个4-(18,5,4)设计;或(2)G=PSL(2,32)并且D是一个4-(33,5,4)设计;或(3)G=PTL(2,32)并且D是4-(33,5,5)和4-(33,5,20)设计之一.     

带启动时间的N-策略Geo/G/1排队系统的队长分布及容量的优化设计

考虑带启动时间的N-策略离散时间Geo/G/1排队系统,使用全概率分解技术,从任意初始状态出发,研究了队长的瞬态和稳态性质,推导出了在任意时刻n瞬态队长分布的z -变换的递推表达式、稳态队长分布的递推表达式和附加队长分布的表达式,并获得稳态队长的随机分解结果.最后,通过数值实例,讨论了稳态队长分布对系统参数的敏感性,并阐述了获得便于计算的稳态队长分布的表达式在系统容量的优化设计中的重要应用价值.     

^3D4（q）群与射影平面

本文证明若^3D4（q）△G≤Aut（^3D4（q）），这里q是素数方幂，则G不能点传递作用在一个射影平面上.