聚醚氨酯的氧化及其接枝共聚合的研究

本文研究了在聚醚氨酯表面上进行接枝共聚合的新方法。首先在聚醚氨酯薄膜上通过过氧化氢光氧化引入过氧化氢基,然后在还原剂亚铁盐或N,N-二甲基对甲苯胺的作用下引发丙烯酰胺接枝共聚合,反应具有低温快速的特点。产物经吸水性实验及扫描电子显微镜观察均证实了是一接枝共聚物。通过模型化合物的研究证明,接枝反应具有较高的选择性,接枝共聚占优势地发生在聚醚软段上,接枝地点很可能就在醚键旁的α-碳原子上。     

甲基丙烯酸2-羟乙酯水溶液聚合与硫氰化钠的效应

<正> 甲基丙烯酸2-羟乙酯(HEMA)是一带有羟基的功能性单体,它可以在自由基聚合引发剂如过氧化苯甲酰、偶氮二异丁腈、过氧化二碳酸二异丙酯或氧化还原引发体系过硫酸盐-乙酸二甲胺基乙酯的作用下进行自由基聚合,我们已报道带有羟基的单体如HEMA、甲基丙烯酸羟丙酯(HPMA)及甲基丙烯酯3-甲氧基-2-羟丙酯(MHPMA)可用     

双酚-S-双(3-甲基丙烯酰氧基-2-羟丙基)醚的聚合及其应用

以MMA为起始原料经转变为GMA,再与双酚-S反应合成了一种新的含有砜基的交联剂BisS-GMA。这种双酚-S型交联剂与MMA可以顺利地用紫外光或BPO-胺体系引发聚合。新的双酚-S型交联剂BisS-GMA与双酚-A型交联剂Bis-GMA相比,具有活性高与粘结强度高两个显著优点。它还可以和二氧化硅填料混合组成复合树脂,经光引发或BPO-DHET体系引发聚合,得到的复合树脂其物性已达到国外同类产品的水平。DHET作为促进剂要比DMT性能好,前者配制的交联剂液体组份贮存稳定性好,经半年后而不“失活”,后者配制的液体组份则在较短的时间内“失活”。     

填料对硅橡胶化学应力松弛的影响

二氧化硅填充的硅橡胶在250—300℃作连续化学应力松弛时相对应力的变化是先衰减到一最低值而后增长。它近似地符合下列式子 f(t)/f(0)=A_1e~(-k_1l+A_2e~(-k_2l)+k_3t+A3f(t)、f(0)分别为t时和起始时的应力。k_1和k_2为应力松弛常数,分别代表与填料相连之链的断裂和胶相断裂的反应速度,k_3为应力增长常数,代表受力链的交联速度。     

Theoretical study of the surface energy and electronic structure of pyrite FeS2 (100) using a total-energy pseudopotential method, CASTEP

The geometric and electronic structures of FeS(2) (100) surface have been studied by a quantum-mechanical calculation using a total-energy pseudopotential code, CASTEP. The (100) surface is very stable and does not give any significant geometric relaxation. The electronic structure of FeS(2) (100) surface is characterized by the appearance of new native surface states in the bulk band gap, which correspond to antibonding mixed Fea-Ssp(3) states. These surface states play an important role as mediators of electron transfer on both anodic and cathodic sites in the incipient oxidation of pyrite. Moreover, the (100) surface has small band gaps and shows some metallic character. It is predicted that the rate of cathodic reductive reaction of O(2) in the incipient oxidation of pyrite is much faster than previously considered. The transport of electrons from the anodic sites to the cathodic sites on the (100) surface is faster and hole injection of anodic sites is not the rate-determining step. So we can deduce that the rate-determining step of incipient oxidation for pyrite consists of both electron transfer of pyrite/aqueous O(2) interface and the splitting of H(2)O.     

Interval analysis method and convex models for impulsive response of structures with uncertain-but-bounded external loads

Two non-probabilistic, set-theoretical methods for determining the maximum and minimum impulsive responses of structures to uncertain-but-bounded impulses are presented. They are, respectively, based on the theories of interval mathematics and convex models. The uncertain-but-bounded impulses are assumed to be a convex set, hyper-rectangle or ellipsoid. For the two non-probabilistic methods, less prior information is required about the uncertain nature of impulses than the probabilistic model. Comparisons between the interval analysis method and the convex model, which are developed as an anti-optimization problem of finding the least favorable impulsive response and the most favorable impulsive response, are made through mathematical analyses and numerical calculations. The results of this study indicate that under the condition of the interval vector being determined from an ellipsoid containing the uncertain impulses, the width of the impulsive responses predicted by the interval analysis method is larger than that by the convex model; under the condition of the ellipsoid being determined from an interval vector containing the uncertain impulses, the width of the interval impulsive responses obtained by the interval analysis method is smaller than that by the convex model.The project supported by the National Outstanding Youth Science Foundation of China (10425208), the National Natural Science Foundation of China and Institute of Engineering Physics of China (10376002) The English text was polished by Keren Wang.     

Isolation of a carbon nanohoop with M(o)bius topology

Carbon nanohoop,a class of constrained molecular architecture consisting of linked arene units,has attracted considerable interest from both experimental and th...     

Symplectic perturbation series methodology for non-conservative linear Hamiltonian system with damping

In this paper,the symplectic perturbation series methodology of the non-conservative linear Hamiltonian system is presented for the structural dynamic response ...     

Preparation of CdO nanoparticles by mechanochemical reaction

CdO nanoparticles of 43 nm in crystal size were successfully synthesized by the mechanochemical reaction (CdCl₂ + Na₂CO₃) with NaCl as a diluent and subsequent thermal treatment at 700°C for 2 h. The samples were characterized by differential thermal analysis (DTA), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Effect of calcination temperature on the crystal size of CdO nanoparticles was primarily investigated. The apparent activation energy of CdO nanoparticle formation during thermal treatment was calculated to be 12.2 kJ/mol.